Coral reef degradation is not correlated with local human population density

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: July 20, 2016

Abstract The global decline of reef-building corals is understood to be due a combination local and stressors. However, many reef scientists assume that factors predominate isolated reefs, far from human activities, are generally healthier more resilient. Here we show coral degradation not correlated with population density. This suggests such as fishing pollution having minimal effects or their impacts masked by drivers ocean warming. Our results also suggest the stressors antagonistic, rather than synergistic widely assumed. These findings indicate management alone cannot restore populations increase resilience reefs large-scale impacts. They highlight truly reach anthropogenic warming immediate need for drastic sustained cuts in carbon emissions.

Language: Английский

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Coral Reefs Under Climate Change and Ocean Acidification: Challenges and Opportunities for Management and Policy

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 41(1), P. 59 - 81

Published: Aug. 2, 2016

Carbon emissions in an industrialized world have created two problems for coral reefs: climate change and ocean acidification. Climate drives warming, which impacts biological ecological reef processes, triggers large-scale bleaching events, fuels tropical storms. Ocean acidification slows growth, alters competitive interactions, impairs population replenishment. For managers policymakers, warming represent almost paradoxical challenge by eroding resilience simultaneously increasing the demand resilience. Here, I address this problem context of challenges potential solutions. Management efforts can compensate reduced face global change, but to a limited extent over time frame. Critically, realistic perspective on what sustainability measures be achieved reefs is important avoid setting unachievable goals regional local-scale management programs.

Language: Английский

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Ocean acidification does not impair the behaviour of coral reef fishes

Nature, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 577(7790), P. 370 - 375

Published: Jan. 8, 2020

Language: Английский

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Ocean acidification alters fish populations indirectly through habitat modification

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. 89 - 93

Published: Aug. 3, 2015

Language: Английский

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Life in fluctuating environments

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 375(1814), P. 20190454 - 20190454

Published: Nov. 2, 2020

Variability in the environment defines structure and dynamics of all living systems, from organisms to ecosystems. Species have evolved traits strategies that allow them detect, exploit predict changing environment. These maintain steady internal conditions required for physiological functioning through feedback mechanisms remain at or near a set-point despite fluctuating In addition feedback, many feedforward processes, which adjust anticipation an expected future state Here we provide framework describing how operating within can generate effects across scales organization, they systems persist environments. Daily, seasonal multi-year cycles cues use anticipate changes physiologically relevant environmental conditions. Using mechanisms, correlations variables prepare anticipated changes. Strategies obtain, store act on information about conditional nature events are advantageous evidenced widespread phenotypes such as circadian clocks, social behaviour, diapause migrations. Humans altering ways fluctuates, causing between become decoupled, decreasing reliability cues. Human-induced change is also sensory environments ability detect Recognizing combine processes essential understanding their responses current regimes fluctuations. This article part theme issue 'Integrative research perspectives marine conservation'.

Language: Английский

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Near-future CO2 levels impair the olfactory system of a marine fish

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(8), P. 737 - 743

Published: July 20, 2018

Language: Английский

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In situ changes of tropical crustose coralline algae along carbon dioxide gradients

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: April 2, 2015

Crustose coralline algae (CCA) fulfill important ecosystem functions in coral reefs, including reef framework stabilization and induction of larval settlement. To investigate situ the effects high carbon dioxide on CCA communities, we deployed settlement tiles at three tropical volcanic CO2 seeps Papua New Guinea along gradients spanning from 8.1 to 7.4 pH. After 5 13 months deployment, there was a steep transition presence absence around pH 7.8 (660 μatm pCO2): 98% had > 7.8, whereas only 20% ≤ 7.8. As declined 8.0 least most sensitive species lost 43% 85% cover, respectively. Communities upward facing surfaces exposed light grazing pressure showed less losses than those shaded with low grazing. Direct early life stages were main mechanisms determining rather competitive interactions other benthic groups. Importantly, declines steepest near-ambient pH, suggesting that may have already abundance due recent seawater decline 0.1 units, future severe are likely increasing ocean acidification.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Understanding the Effects of Climate Change on Coral Reefs

Diversity, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 8(2), P. 12 - 12

Published: May 18, 2016

Climate change is one of the greatest threats to persistence coral reefs. Sustained and ongoing increases in ocean temperatures acidification are altering structure function reefs globally. Here, we summarise recent advances our understanding effects climate on scleractinian corals reef fish. Although there considerable among-species variability responses increasing temperature seawater chemistry, changing regimes likely have influence fish assemblages, at least over short–medium timeframes. Recent evidence bleaching thresholds, local genetic adaptation inheritance heat tolerance suggest that populations may some capacity respond warming, although extent which these changes can keep pace with environmental conditions unknown. For fishes, current indicates will be a major determinant future through both habitat degradation direct physiology behaviour. The are, however, being compounded by range anthropogenic disturbances, undermine organisms acclimate and/or adapt specific conditions.

Language: Английский

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Molecular signatures of transgenerational response to ocean acidification in a species of reef fish

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 6(11), P. 1014 - 1018

Published: July 29, 2016

Language: Английский

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Odor tracking in sharks is reduced under future ocean acidification conditions

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 1454 - 1462

Published: Aug. 11, 2014

Abstract Recent studies show that ocean acidification impairs sensory functions and alters the behavior of teleost fishes. If sharks other elasmobranchs are similarly affected, this could have significant consequences for marine ecosystems globally. Here, we projected future CO 2 levels impair odor tracking smooth dogfish ( Mustelus canis ). Adult M. were held 5 days in a current‐day control (405 ± 26 μatm) mid (741 22 or high (1064 17 treatments consistent with projections year 2100 on ‘business as usual’ scenario. Both ‐treated individuals maintained normal behavior, whereas significantly avoided cues indicative food. Control spent >60% their time water stream containing food stimulus, but value fell below 15% sharks. In addition, treated under conditions reduced attack compared to individuals. Our findings shark feeding be affected by changes seawater chemistry end century. Understanding effects critical behaviors, such prey large predators, can help determine potential impacts ecosystem function.

Language: Английский

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