Colorectal cancer statistics, 2023

CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 73(3), P. 233 - 254

Published: March 1, 2023

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of death in United States. Every 3 years, American Cancer Society provides an update CRC statistics based on incidence from population‐based registries and mortality National Center for Health Statistics. In 2023, approximately 153,020 individuals will be diagnosed with 52,550 die disease, including 19,550 cases 3750 deaths younger than 50 years. The decline slowed 3%–4% annually during 2000s to 1% 2011–2019, driven partly by increase 55 years 1%–2% since mid‐1990s. Consequently, proportion among those increased 11% 1995 20% 2019. Incidence circa 2010 65 regional‐stage disease about 2%–3% distant‐stage 0.5%–3% annually, reversing overall shift earlier stage diagnosis that occurred through 2005. For example, 60% all new were advanced 2019 versus 52% mid‐2000s 57% 1995, before widespread screening. There also a left‐sided tumors, rectal increasing 27% 31% declined 2% 2011–2020 but Native Americans summary, despite continued declines, rapidly shifting at age, more stage, left colon/rectum. Progress against could accelerated uncovering etiology rising generations born 1950 access high‐quality screening treatment populations, especially Americans.

Language: Английский

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Metabolomics: beyond biomarkers and towards mechanisms

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 451 - 459

Published: March 16, 2016

Language: Английский

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The gut microbiota and host health: a new clinical frontier

Gut, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 65(2), P. 330 - 339

Published: Sept. 2, 2015

Over the last 10-15 years, our understanding of composition and functions human gut microbiota has increased exponentially. To a large extent, this been due to new 'omic' technologies that have facilitated large-scale analysis genetic metabolic profile microbial community, revealing it be comparable in influence organ body offering possibility route for therapeutic intervention. Moreover, might more accurate think like an immune system: collection cells work unison with host can promote health but sometimes initiate disease. This review gives update on current knowledge area disorders, particular syndrome obesity-related disease, liver IBD colorectal cancer. The potential manipulating these disorders is assessed, examination latest most relevant evidence relating antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, polyphenols faecal transplantation.

Language: Английский

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Global burden of colorectal cancer: emerging trends, risk factors and prevention strategies

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 713 - 732

Published: Aug. 27, 2019

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Dietary Fiber on Gut Microbiota in Host Health and Disease

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 23(6), P. 705 - 715

Published: June 1, 2018

Language: Английский

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Role of the gut microbiota in nutrition and health

BMJ, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. k2179 - k2179

Published: June 13, 2018

Role of the gut microbiota in nutrition and healthAna M Valdes colleagues discuss strategies for modulating

Language: Английский

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Intestinal Short Chain Fatty Acids and their Link with Diet and Human Health

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Feb. 17, 2016

The colon is inhabited by a dense population of microorganisms, the so-called "gut microbiota," able to ferment carbohydrates and proteins that escape absorption in small intestine during digestion. This microbiota produces wide range metabolites, including short chain fatty acids (SCFA). These compounds are absorbed large bowel defined as 1-6 carbon volatile which can present straight or branched-chain conformation. Their production influenced pattern food intake diet-mediated changes gut microbiota. SCFA have distinct physiological effects: they contribute shaping environment, influence physiology colon, be used energy sources host cells intestinal also participate different host-signaling mechanisms. We summarize current knowledge about SCFA, bacterial cross-feedings interactions, biological properties these metabolites with impact on human health.

Language: Английский

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You are what you eat: diet, health and the gut microbiota

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 35 - 56

Published: Sept. 27, 2018

Language: Английский

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High-level adherence to a Mediterranean diet beneficially impacts the gut microbiota and associated metabolome

Gut, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 65(11), P. 1812 - 1821

Published: Sept. 28, 2015

Objectives

Habitual diet plays a major role in shaping the composition of gut microbiota, and also determines repertoire microbial metabolites that can influence host. The typical Western corresponds to an omnivore; however, Mediterranean (MD), common culture, is date nutritionally recommended dietary pattern includes high-level consumption cereals, fruit, vegetables legumes. To investigate potential benefits MD this cross-sectional survey, we assessed microbiota metabolome cohort Italian individuals relation their habitual diets.

Design results

We retrieved daily information 153 habitually following omnivore, vegetarian or vegan majority subjects 30% omnivore had high adherence MD. were able stratify according both type on basis patterns associated microbiota. detected significant associations between vegetable-based diets increased levels faecal short-chain fatty acids, Prevotella some fibre-degrading Firmicutes, whose human warrants further research. Conversely, higher urinary trimethylamine oxide with lower

Conclusions

High-level plant foodstuffs consistent beneficial microbiome-related metabolomic profiles ostensibly consuming diet.

Trial registration number

This study was registered at clinical trials.gov as NCT02118857.

Language: Английский

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Colorectal Carcinoma: A General Overview and Future Perspectives in Colorectal Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 18(1), P. 197 - 197

Published: Jan. 19, 2017

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common and fourth cause of cancer-related death. Most cases CRC are detected in Western countries, with its incidence increasing year by year. The probability suffering from colorectal about 4%–5% risk for developing associated personal features or habits such as age, chronic disease history lifestyle. In this context, gut microbiota has a relevant role, dysbiosis situations can induce colonic carcinogenesis through inflammation mechanism. Some bacteria responsible multiphase process include Fusobacterium spp, Bacteroides fragilis enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. caused mutations that target oncogenes, tumour suppressor genes related to DNA repair mechanisms. Depending on origin mutation, carcinomas be classified sporadic (70%); inherited (5%) familial (25%). pathogenic mechanisms leading situation included three types, namely chromosomal instability (CIN), microsatellite (MSI) CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP). Within these types CRC, mutations, changes translocations have been reported affect important pathways (WNT, MAPK/PI3K, TGF-β, TP53), mutations; particular, c-MYC, KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, PTEN, SMAD2 SMAD4 used predictive markers patient outcome. addition gene alterations ncRNAs, lncRNA miRNA, also contribute different steps value when biomarkers. consequence, panels mRNA being developed improve prognosis treatment selection. choice first-line follows multimodal approach based tumour-related characteristics usually comprises surgical resection followed chemotherapy combined monoclonal antibodies proteins against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) epidermal receptor (EGFR). Besides traditional chemotherapy, alternative therapies (such agarose macrobeads, anti-inflammatory drugs, probiotics, gold-based drugs) currently studied increase effectiveness reduce side effects.

Language: Английский

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