CB1 Receptor Signaling in the Brain: Extracting Specificity from Ubiquity

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 43(1), P. 4 - 20

Published: Sept. 1, 2017

Endocannabinoids (eCBs) are amongst the most ubiquitous signaling molecules in nervous system. Over past few decades, observations based on a large volume of work, first examining pharmacological effects exogenous cannabinoids, and then physiological functions eCBs, have directly challenged long-held dogmatic views about communication, plasticity behavior central system (CNS). The eCBs their cognate cannabinoid receptors exhibit number unique properties that distinguish them from widely studied classical amino-acid transmitters, neuropeptides, catecholamines. Although we now loose set mechanistic rules experimental findings, new studies continue to reveal our understanding eCB (ECS) is continuously evolving challenging conventions. Here will briefly summarize findings current canonical view ‘ECS’ address novel aspects how nearly can determine highly specific brain. In particular, focus push for an expansion ideas around beliefs that, while clearly true, may be contributing oversimplified perspective at microscopic level impacts macroscopic level.

Language: Английский

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Dopamine-Evoked Synaptic Regulation in the Nucleus Accumbens Requires Astrocyte Activity

Neuron, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 105(6), P. 1036 - 1047.e5

Published: Jan. 15, 2020

Language: Английский

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Astrocytes: Orchestrating synaptic plasticity?

Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 323, P. 43 - 61

Published: April 9, 2015

Language: Английский

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Neuronal activity determines distinct gliotransmitter release from a single astrocyte

eLife, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Jan. 30, 2018

Accumulating evidence indicates that astrocytes are actively involved in brain function by regulating synaptic activity and plasticity. Different gliotransmitters, such as glutamate, ATP, GABA or D-serine, released form have been shown to induce different forms of regulation. However, whether a single astrocyte may release gliotransmitters is unknown. Here we show mouse hippocampal activated endogenous (neuron-released endocannabinoids GABA) exogenous (single Ca2+ uncaging) stimuli modulate putative CA3-CA1 synapses. The astrocyte-mediated modulation was biphasic consisted an initial glutamate-mediated potentiation followed purinergic-mediated depression neurotransmitter release. temporal dynamic properties this regulation depended on the firing frequency duration neuronal stimulated astrocytes. Present results indicate can decode and, response, distinct differentially regulate neurotransmission at

Language: Английский

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Astrocyte-Synapse Structural Plasticity

Neural Plasticity, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 2014, P. 1 - 13

Published: Jan. 1, 2014

The function and efficacy of synaptic transmission are determined not only by the composition activity pre- postsynaptic components but also environment in which a synapse is embedded. Glial cells constitute an important part this participate several aspects functions. Among glial cell family, roles played astrocytes at level particularly important, ranging from trophic support to fine-tuning transmission. Astrocytic structures frequently observed close association with glutamatergic synapses, providing morphological entity for bidirectional interactions synapses. Experimental evidence indicates that sense neuronal elevating their intracellular calcium response neurotransmitters may communicate neurons. precise role regulating properties, function, plasticity remains however subject intense debate many neurons remain be investigated. A intriguing aspect ability rapidly restructure processes modify coverage elements. present review summarizes some these findings particular focus on mechanisms driving form structural its possible impact structure function.

Language: Английский

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