Personalized early detection and prevention of breast cancer: ENVISION consensus statement

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(11), P. 687 - 705

Published: June 18, 2020

Abstract The European Collaborative on Personalized Early Detection and Prevention of Breast Cancer (ENVISION) brings together several international research consortia working different aspects the personalized early detection prevention breast cancer. In a consensus conference held in 2019, members this network identified areas requiring development to enable evidence-based interventions that might improve benefits reduce harms existing cancer screening programmes. priority were: 1) subtype-specific risk assessment tools applicable women all ancestries; 2) intermediate surrogate markers response preventive measures; 3) novel non-surgical measures incidence poor prognosis; 4) hybrid effectiveness–implementation combined with modelling studies evaluate long-term population outcomes risk-based strategies. implementation such programmes would require health-care systems be open learning adapting, engagement diverse range stakeholders tailoring societal norms values, while also addressing ethical legal issues. Consensus Statement, we discuss current state prediction, risk-stratified strategies, their implementation. Throughout, highlight priorities for advancing each these areas.

Language: Английский

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Accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in normal cells and cancer risk

npj Precision Oncology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: March 6, 2019

Abstract Cancers develop due to the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations. Genetic alterations are induced by aging, mutagenic chemicals, ultraviolet light, other factors; whereas, mainly aging chronic inflammation. The patterns in normal cells reflect our past exposure levels life history. Most accumulated considered as passengers, but their is correlated with cancer drivers. This has been shown for aberrant DNA methylation only speculated However, recent technological advancements have enabled measurement rare point mutations, studies that indeed risk. When mutations combined, risk prediction becomes even more accurate. high accumulate, tissue a developing or multiple cancers “cancerization field”, without expansion physiological patches clonal cells. In this review, we describe formation cancerization field how can apply its detection precision diagnosis.

Language: Английский

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Reactive oxygen species: a volatile driver of field cancerization and metastasis

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: March 30, 2019

Field cancerization and metastasis are the leading causes for cancer recurrence mortality in patients. The formation of primary, secondary tumors or is greatly influenced by multifaceted tumor-stroma interactions, which stromal components tumor microenvironment (TME) can affect behavior cells. Many studies have identified cytokines growth factors as cell signaling molecules that aid to communication. However, functional contribution reactive oxygen species (ROS), a family volatile chemicals, communication less understood. Cancer cells various tumor-associated produce secrete copious amount ROS into TME. Intracellular modulate cascades acquisition several hallmarks cancers. Extracellular help propagate, amplify, effectively create mutagenic oncogenic field facilitate multifoci act springboard metastatic In this review, we summarize our current knowledge atypical paracrine metastasis. often discussed separately; offer model placed these events with focal instigating agent broader "seed-soil" hypothesis.

Language: Английский

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Insights into Pathogenic Interactions Among Environment, Host, and Tumor at the Crossroads of Molecular Pathology and Epidemiology

Annual Review of Pathology Mechanisms of Disease, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 83 - 103

Published: Aug. 20, 2018

Evidence indicates that diet, nutrition, lifestyle, the environment, microbiome, and other exogenous factors have pathogenic roles also influence genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome of tumor nonneoplastic cells, including immune cells. With need for big-data research, pathology must transform to integrate data science fields, epidemiology, biostatistics, bioinformatics. The research framework molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE) demonstrates strengths such an interdisciplinary integration, having been used study breast, lung, prostate, colorectal cancers. MPE paradigm not only can provide novel insights into interactions among tumor, host but opens new frontiers. New developments-such as computational digital pathology, systems biology, artificial intelligence, in vivo technologies-will further MPE. Although it is necessary address rarity transdisciplinary education training programs, provides exemplary model integrative scientific approaches contributes advancements precision medicine, therapy, prevention.

Language: Английский

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The 2019 mathematical oncology roadmap

Physical Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 041005 - 041005

Published: April 16, 2019

Abstract Whether the nom de guerre is Mathematical Oncology, Computational or Systems Biology, Theoretical Evolutionary Bioinformatics, simply Basic Science, there no denying that mathematics continues to play an increasingly prominent role in cancer research. Oncology—defined here as use of research—complements and overlaps with a number other fields rely on core methodology. As result, Oncology has broad scope, ranging from theoretical studies clinical trials designed mathematical models. This Roadmap differentiates related demonstrates specific areas focus within this unique field The dominant theme personalization medicine through mathematics, modelling, simulation. achieved patient-specific data to: develop individualized screening strategies detect earlier; make predictions response therapy; design adaptive, treatment plans overcome therapy resistance; establish domain-specific standards share model models simulations reproducible. cover art for was chosen apt metaphor beautiful, strange, evolving relationship between cancer.

Language: Английский

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Challenges in Establishing Pure Lung Cancer Organoids Limit Their Utility for Personalized Medicine

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 31(5), P. 107588 - 107588

Published: May 1, 2020

Clinical implementation of tumor organoids for personalized medicine requires that pure can be reliably established. Here, we present our experience with organoid cultures from >70 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples. We systematically evaluate several methods to identify purity established intrapulmonary tumors. Eighty percent lesions have a normal copy number profile, suggesting overgrowth by airway (AOs). This is further supported the failure detect mutations found in original organoids. Histomorphology alone insufficient determine purity, but when combined p63 immunostaining, and AOs distinguished. Taking into account AOs, establishment rate NSCLC 17%. Therefore, current are establish lesions. discourage their use unless steps taken prevent AOs.

Language: Английский

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Clonal expansion in non-cancer tissues

Nature reviews. Cancer, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 239 - 256

Published: Feb. 24, 2021

Language: Английский

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Bladder cancer

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Oct. 26, 2023

Language: Английский

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Oral epithelial dysplasia: Recognition, grading and clinical significance

Oral Diseases, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(8), P. 1947 - 1976

Published: Aug. 21, 2021

Histopathological grading of epithelial dysplasia remains the principal laboratory method for assessing risk malignant transformation in oral potentially disorders (OPMDs). Current views on molecular pathogenesis and histological interpretation features are described, use systems is discussed. Changes to current 2017 WHO criteria diagnosis proposed with emphasis architectural dysplasia. The predictive values three-grade binary summarised, categories reviewed, including lichenoid verrucous lesions, keratosis unknown significance, HPV-associated dysplasia, differentiated basaloid implications finding an biopsy clinical management discussed from pathologists' viewpoint.

Language: Английский

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Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the tumor ecosystems underlying initiation and progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Oct. 18, 2021

Abstract The tumor ecosystem of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is poorly characterized. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, we profile transcriptomes 158,577 cells from 11 patients’ paratumors, localized/advanced tumors, initially-treated/recurrent lymph nodes and radioactive iodine (RAI)-refractory distant metastases, covering comprehensive clinical courses PTC. Our data identifies a “cancer-primed” premalignant thyrocyte population with normal morphology but altered transcriptomes. Along the developmental trajectory, also discover three phenotypes malignant thyrocytes (follicular-like, partial-epithelial-mesenchymal-transition-like, dedifferentiation-like), whose composition shapes bulk molecular subtypes, characteristics RAI responses. Furthermore, uncover distinct BRAF -like-B subtype predominant dedifferentiation-like thyrocytes, enriched cancer-associated fibroblasts, worse prognosis promising prospect immunotherapy. Moreover, potential vascular-immune crosstalk in PTC provides theoretical basis for combined anti-angiogenic Together, our findings provide insight into that suggests prognostic therapeutic implications.

Language: Английский

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