The mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome/pyroptosis activation and their role in Parkinson's disease

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 67, P. 458 - 464

Published: Dec. 27, 2018

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles as mediators of neuron-glia communication

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Jan. 1, 2013

In the nervous system, glia cells maintain homeostasis, synthesize myelin, provide metabolic support, and participate in immune defense. The communication between neurons is essential to synchronize these diverse functions with brain activity. Evidence accumulating that secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes shedding microvesicles, are key players intercellular signaling. Among others, of system secrete EVs, which carry protein RNA cargo from one cell another. After delivery, has ability modify target phenotype. Here, we review recent advances understanding role EV secretion by astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes central system. Current work demonstrated transfer a result neurotransmitter signaling suggesting may mediate glial support neurons.

Language: Английский

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Balancing the immune response in the brain: IL-10 and its regulation

Journal of Neuroinflammation, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Nov. 23, 2016

The inflammatory response is critical to fight insults, such as pathogen invasion or tissue damage, but if not resolved often becomes detrimental the host. A growing body of evidence places non-resolved inflammation at core various pathologies, from cancer neurodegenerative diseases. It therefore surprising that immune system has evolved several regulatory mechanisms achieve maximum protection in absence pathology.The production anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 one most important by many cells counteract damage driven excessive inflammation. Innate central nervous system, notably microglia, are no exception and produce IL-10 downstream pattern recognition receptors activation. However, whereas molecular regulating expression innate acquired periphery have been extensively addressed, our knowledge on modulation much scattered. This review addresses current understanding brain implications disorders.The regulation remains a challenging field. Answering remaining outstanding questions will contribute design targeted approaches aiming controlling deleterious brain.

Language: Английский

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Roles of microglia in brain development, tissue maintenance and repair

Brain, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 138(5), P. 1138 - 1159

Published: March 29, 2015

The emerging roles of microglia are currently being investigated in the healthy and diseased brain with a growing interest their diverse functions. In recent years, it has been demonstrated that not only immunocentric, but also neurobiological can impact neural development maintenance neuronal cell function both pathological contexts. disease context, there is widespread consensus dynamic cells potential to contribute central nervous system damage repair. Indeed, number studies have found microenvironmental conditions selectively modify unique phenotypes One novel mechanism garnered involves regulation microglial by microRNAs, which therapeutic implications such as enhancing microglia-mediated suppression injury promoting repair following inflammatory injury. Furthermore, recently published articles identified molecular signatures myeloid cells, suggesting distinct population compared other lineage access under conditions. Thus, new opportunities exist help distinguish permit study functions health disease.

Language: Английский

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Inflammation Effects on Motivation and Motor Activity: Role of Dopamine

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 42(1), P. 216 - 241

Published: Aug. 2, 2016

Language: Английский

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