Mechanisms of 3D cell migration

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(12), P. 738 - 752

Published: Oct. 3, 2019

Language: Английский

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Active nematics

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Aug. 8, 2018

Active matter extracts energy from its surroundings at the single particle level and transforms it into mechanical work. Examples include cytoskeleton biopolymers bacterial suspensions. Here, we review experimental, theoretical numerical studies of active nematics - a type system that is characterised by self-driven units with elongated shape. We focus primarily on microtubule-kinesin mixtures hydrodynamic theories describe their properties. An important theme turbulence associated motile topological defects. discuss ways in which may be controlled, pre-requisite to harvesting materials, consider appearance, possible implications, defects cellular systems biological processes.

Language: Английский

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Organoids

Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Organoids have attracted increasing attention because they are simple tissue-engineered cell-based in vitro models that recapitulate many aspects of the complex structure and function corresponding vivo tissue. They can be dissected interrogated for fundamental mechanistic studies on development, regeneration, repair human tissues. also used diagnostics, disease modeling, drug discovery, personalized medicine. derived from either pluripotent or tissue-resident stem (embryonic adult) progenitor differentiated cells healthy diseased tissues, such as tumors. To date, numerous organoid engineering strategies support culture growth, proliferation, differentiation maturation been reported. This Primer serves to highlight rationale underlying selection development these materials methods control cellular/tissue niche; therefore, engineered organoid. We discuss key considerations generating robust organoids, those related cell isolation seeding, matrix soluble factor selection, physical cues integration. The general standards data quality, reproducibility deposition within community is outlined. Lastly, we conclude by elaborating limitations organoids different applications, priorities coming years.

Language: Английский

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The principles of directed cell migration

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(8), P. 529 - 547

Published: May 14, 2021

Language: Английский

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Substrate curvature as a cue to guide spatiotemporal cell and tissue organization

Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 232, P. 119739 - 119739

Published: Dec. 27, 2019

Recent evidence clearly shows that cells respond to various physical cues in their environments, guiding many cellular processes and tissue morphogenesis, pathology, repair. One aspect is gaining significant traction the role of local geometry as an extracellular cue. Elucidating how affects cell behavior is, indeed, crucial design artificial scaffolds understand growth remodeling. Perhaps most fundamental descriptor surface curvature, a growing body confirms curvature spatiotemporal organization tissues. While well-defined differential geometry, remains somewhat ambiguously treated biological studies. Here, we provide more formal framework, based on notions mean Gaussian summarize available guidance at levels. We discuss involved mechanisms, highlighting interplay between tensile forces substrate forms foundation guidance. Moreover, show relatively simple computational models, some application flow, are able capture experimental remarkably well. Since principles could be leveraged for regeneration, implications geometrical scaffold also discussed. Finally, perspectives future research opportunities provided.

Language: Английский

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Mechanomicrobiology: how bacteria sense and respond to forces

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 227 - 240

Published: Jan. 20, 2020

Language: Английский

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Spatial components of molecular tissue biology

Nature Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 40(3), P. 308 - 318

Published: Feb. 7, 2022

Language: Английский

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Targeted Solvatochromic Fluorescent Probes for Imaging Lipid Order in Organelles under Oxidative and Mechanical Stress

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 143(2), P. 912 - 924

Published: Jan. 8, 2021

Biomembranes constitute a basis for all compartments of live cells, and therefore, the monitoring their lipid organization is essential understanding cell status activity. However, sensing imaging specifically in different organelles cells remain challenging. Here, we designed an array solvatochromic probes based on Nile Red bearing ligands specific targeting endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, lysosomes, Golgi apparatus, plasma membranes, droplets. These polarity-sensitive detected variations order by changing emission maximum, as evidenced fluorescence spectroscopy model membranes. In colocalization microscopy experiments with reference organelle markers, they exhibited good selectivity. Using two-color microscopy, new enabled local polarity cells. To exclude biased effect probe design sensitivity to membrane properties, calibrated membranes under microscope, which first quantitative description each interest. Cholesterol extraction/enrichment confirmed capacity sense order, revealing that poor cholesterol are particularly affected its enrichment. The also revealed oxidative mechanical stresses produced changes were characteristic organelle, mitochondria lysosomes being stress sensitive. powerful toolbox response physical chemical stimuli at level individual organelles, remains underexplored direction cellular research.

Language: Английский

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Tissue repair and regeneration with endogenous stem cells

Nature Reviews Materials, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 3(7), P. 174 - 193

Published: June 19, 2018

In contrast to non-mammalian vertebrates, mammals and humans have limited innate capacity for the self-regeneration of tissues organs owing differences in genetics, development, immune systems tissue complexity. Endogenous stem cells are tissue-specific adult with self-renew differentiate into specific cell types. Therefore, endogenous being explored regeneration situ vivo. Stem reside niches body, activation depends on progressive changes niche. Niches instructive microenvironments that can be recreated using biomaterial-based scaffolds. Such scaffolds fabricated a variety shapes formulations, they functionalized biochemical biophysical cues guide fate migration. this Review, we discuss important abilities vertebrates mammals, including humans, investigate populations their involved repair regeneration. We highlight natural synthetic biomaterials potential improving applications examine role interspecies chimaeras regenerative medicine. play key remodelling body. This Review discusses different investigates approaches combination biomaterials.

Language: Английский

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High‐Aspect‐Ratio Nanostructured Surfaces as Biological Metamaterials

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 32(9)

Published: Jan. 16, 2020

Abstract Materials patterned with high‐aspect‐ratio nanostructures have features on similar length scales to cellular components. These surfaces are an extreme topography the level and become useful tools for perturbing sensing environment. Motivation comes from ability of deliver cargoes into cells tissues, access intracellular environment, control cell behavior. structures directly perturb cells' sense respond external forces, influencing fate, enabling new mechanistic studies. Through careful design their nanoscale structure, these systems act as biological metamaterials, eliciting unusual responses. While predominantly used interface eukaryotic cells, there is growing interest in nonanimal prokaryotic interfacing. Both experimental theoretical studies attempted develop a understanding observed behaviors, focusing cell–nanostructure interface. This review considers how nanostructured both stimulate systems.

Language: Английский

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