Agreement Between Prospective and Retrospective Measures of Childhood Maltreatment

JAMA Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 76(6), P. 584 - 584

Published: March 20, 2019

Childhood maltreatment is associated with mental illness. Researchers, clinicians, and public health professionals use prospective or retrospective measures interchangeably to assess childhood maltreatment, assuming that the 2 identify same individuals. However, this assumption has not been comprehensively tested.To meta-analyze agreement between of maltreatment.MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, Sociological Abstracts were searched for peer-reviewed, English-language articles from inception through January 1, 2018. Search terms included child* abuse, neglect, child bull*, trauma, advers*, early life stress combined prospective* cohort.Studies first selected. Among selected studies, those corresponding identified. Of 450 studies 16 had paired data compute Cohen κ coefficient.Multiple investigators independently extracted according PRISMA MOOSE guidelines. Random-effects meta-analyses used pool results test predictors heterogeneity.The primary outcome was expressed as a coefficient. Moderators priori measure assessment age at report, sample size, sex distribution, study quality.Sixteen unique including 25 471 participants (52.4% female [SD, 10.6%]; mean [SD] age, 30.6 [11.6] years) contained on maltreatment. The poor, = 0.19 (95% CI, 0.14-0.24; P < .001). Agreement higher when based interviews rather than questionnaires (Q 4.1521; df 1; .04) in smaller samples 4.2251; .04). affected by type used, distribution sample, quality.Prospective different groups Therefore, children identified prospectively having experienced may have risk pathways illness adults retrospectively reporting care should recognize these critical measurement differences conducting research into developing interventions.

Language: Английский

---

Childhood Adversity and Neural Development: A Systematic Review

Annual Review of Developmental Psychology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 1(1), P. 277 - 312

Published: Dec. 13, 2019

An extensive literature on childhood adversity and neurodevelopment has emerged over the past decade. We evaluate two conceptual models of neurodevelopment—the dimensional model stress acceleration model—in a systematic review 109 studies using MRI-based measures neural structure function in children adolescents. Consistent with model, exposed to threat had reduced amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), hippocampal volume heightened amygdala activation majority studies; these patterns were not observed consistently deprivation. In contrast, altered frontoparietal regions deprivation but threat. Evidence for accelerated development amygdala-mPFC circuits was limited other metrics neurodevelopment. Progress charting neurodevelopmental consequences requires larger samples, longitudinal designs, more precise assessments adversity.

Language: Английский

---

Preventive strategies for mental health

The Lancet Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 5(7), P. 591 - 604

Published: May 15, 2018

Language: Английский

---

Adversity in childhood is linked to mental and physical health throughout life

BMJ, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. m3048 - m3048

Published: Oct. 28, 2020

The prevalence of "toxic stress" and huge downstream consequences in disease, suffering, financial costs make prevention early intervention crucial, say Charles A Nelson colleagues

Language: Английский

---

Anxiety disorders

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: May 3, 2017

Language: Английский

---

The Devastating Clinical Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect: Increased Disease Vulnerability and Poor Treatment Response in Mood Disorders

American Journal of Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 177(1), P. 20 - 36

Published: Sept. 20, 2019

A large body of evidence has demonstrated that exposure to childhood maltreatment at any stage development can have long-lasting consequences. It is associated with a marked increase in risk for psychiatric and medical disorders. This review summarizes the literature investigating effects on disease vulnerability mood disorders, specifically summarizing cross-sectional more recent longitudinal studies demonstrating prevalent increased first episode, episode recurrence, greater comorbidities, suicidal ideation attempts individuals persistent alterations maltreatment, including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis inflammatory cytokines, which may contribute pernicious course. The authors discuss several candidate genes environmental factors (for example, substance use) alter illness course neurobiological associations mediate these relationships following maltreatment. Studies provide insight into modifiable mechanisms direction improve both treatment prevention strategies.

Language: Английский

---

The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on child growth and development: a systematic review

Jornal de Pediatria, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 97(4), P. 369 - 377

Published: Sept. 23, 2020

This was a systematic review of studies that examined the impact epidemics or social restriction on mental and developmental health in parents children/adolescents.The PubMed, WHO COVID-19, SciELO databases were searched March 15, 2020, April 25, filtering for children (0-18 years) humans.The tools used to mitigate threat pandemic such as COVID-19 may very well threaten child growth development. These - restrictions, shutdowns, school closures contribute stress can become risk factors development compromise Sustainable Development Goals. The reviewed suggest lead high levels children, which begin with concerns about becoming infected. describe several potential emotional consequences H1N1, AIDS, Ebola: severe anxiety depression among acute disorder, post-traumatic stress, disorders, children. data be related adverse childhood experiences elevated toxic stress. more experiences, greater delays problems adulthood, cognitive impairment, substance abuse, depression, non-communicable diseases.Information is relevant policy makers aid them developing strategies help families cope epidemic/pandemic-driven adversity ensure their children's healthy

Language: Английский

---

Growing a social brain

Nature Human Behaviour, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 2(9), P. 624 - 636

Published: July 30, 2018

Language: Английский

---

Developmental Trajectories of Early Life Stress and Trauma: A Narrative Review on Neurobiological Aspects Beyond Stress System Dysregulation

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: March 11, 2019

Early life stressors display a high universal prevalence and constitute major public health problem. Prolonged psychoneurobiological alterations as sequelae of early stress (ELS) could represent developmental risk factor mediate for disease, leading to higher physical mental morbidity rates in later life. ELS exert programming effect on sensitive neuronal brain networks related the response during critical periods development thus lead enduring hyper- or hypo-activation system altered glucocorticoid signaling. In addition, emotional autonomic reactivity, circadian rhythm disruption, functional structural changes brain, well immune metabolic dysregulation have been lately identified important factors chronically impaired homeostatic balance after ELS. Furthermore, human genetic background epigenetic modifications through stress-related gene expression interact with these explain inter-individual variation vulnerability resilience stress. This narrative review presents relevant evidence from mainly research ten most acknowledged neurobiological allostatic pathways exerting adverse effects even decades (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, nervous system, inflammation, oxidative stress, cardiovascular gut microbiome, sleep genetics, epigenetics, structural, correlates). Although findings back causal relation between psychobiological maladjustment life, precise trajectories their temporal coincidence has not elucidated yet. Future studies should prospectively investigate putative mediators sequence, while considering potentially delayed time-frame phenotypical expression. Better screening strategies are needed better individual prevention treatment.

Language: Английский

---

Conduct disorder

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: June 27, 2019

Language: Английский

---