Human Replay Spontaneously Reorganizes Experience

Cell, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 178(3), P. 640 - 652.e14

Published: July 1, 2019

Highlights•As in rodents, human replay occurs during rest and reverses direction after reward•As coincides with hippocampal sharp-wave ripples•Human spontaneously reorganizes experience based on learned structure•Human is factorized, allowing fast structural generalizationSummaryKnowledge abstracted from previous experiences can be transferred to aid new learning. Here, we asked whether such abstract knowledge immediately guides the of experiences. We first trained participants a rule defining an ordering objects then presented novel set scrambled order. Across two studies, observed that representations these were reactivated subsequent rest. As "replay" events occurred sequences accelerated time, compared actual experience, reversed their reward. Notably, did not simply recapitulate visual but followed instead sequence implied by knowledge. Furthermore, each contained more than sensory relevant objects. A code object was preceded 50 ms factorized into position identity. argue this representation facilitates generalization previously structure objects.Graphical

Language: Английский

---

The hippocampus and related neocortical structures in memory transformation

Neuroscience Letters, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 680, P. 39 - 53

Published: May 4, 2018

Language: Английский

---

The Cognitive Thalamus as a Gateway to Mental Representations

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 39(1), P. 3 - 14

Published: Nov. 2, 2018

Historically, the thalamus has been viewed as little more than a relay, simply transferring information to key players of cast, cortex and hippocampus, without providing any unique functional contribution. In recent years, evidence from multiple laboratories researching different thalamic nuclei contradicted this idea passive structure. Dated models functions are being pushed aside, revealing greater far complex contribution for cognition. Viewpoints article, we show how data support novel views that emphasize integrative roles in cognition, ranging learning memory flexible adaption. We propose these apparently separate cognitive may indeed be supported by general role shaping mental representations. Several features thalamocortical circuits consistent with suggested role, highlight divergent convergent corticothalamic pathways complement each other functions. Furthermore, subcortical integration is highlighted mechanism maintaining updating Finally, discuss future areas research stress importance incorporating new experimental findings into existing knowledge continue developing models. The presence pathology number neurological conditions reinforces need better understand region

Language: Английский

---

Early life stress and development: potential mechanisms for adverse outcomes

Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2020

Abstract Background Chronic and/or extreme stress in early life, often referred to as adversity, childhood trauma, or life stress, has been associated with a wide range of adverse effects on development. However, while linked negative number neural systems, the specific mechanisms through which influences development and individual differences children’s outcomes are still not well understood. Main text The current paper reviews existing literature neurobiological their ties psychological behavioral Conclusions Early persistent pervasive prefrontal–hypothalamic–amygdala dopaminergic circuits that at least partially mediated by alterations hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis function. date, this research primarily utilized methods assessment focus solely event exposures. Incorporating factors influence interpretation stressors, along stressful events, potential provide further insight into contributing neurodevelopmental stress. This can aid elucidating these changes contribute risk for psychopathology health disorders.

Language: Английский

---

Rethinking Concepts and Categories for Understanding the Neurodevelopmental Effects of Childhood Adversity

Perspectives on Psychological Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 67 - 93

Published: July 15, 2020

Discovering the processes through which early adverse experiences affect children’s nervous-system development, health, and behavior is critically important for developing effective interventions. However, advances in our understanding of these have been constrained by conceptualizations that rely on categories adversity are overlapping, vague boundaries, lack consistent biological evidence. Here, we discuss central problems link between early-life brain development. We conclude suggesting alternative formulations hold promise advancing knowledge about neurobiological mechanisms affects human

Language: Английский

---

Details, gist and schema: hippocampal–neocortical interactions underlying recent and remote episodic and spatial memory

Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 17, P. 114 - 123

Published: Aug. 18, 2017

Language: Английский

---

Successful Memory Aging

Annual Review of Psychology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 70(1), P. 219 - 243

Published: June 27, 2018

For more than 50 years, psychologists, gerontologists, and, recently, neuroscientists have considered the possibility of successful aging. How to define aging remains debated, but well-preserved age-sensitive cognitive functions, like episodic memory, is an often-suggested criterion. Evidence for memory comes from cross-sectional and longitudinal studies showing that some older individuals display high stable levels performance. Successful may be accomplished via multiple paths. One path through brain maintenance, or relative lack age-related pathology. Through another path, can despite pathology by means efficient compensatory strategic processes. Genetic, epigenetic, lifestyle factors influence both Some these promoted throughout life course, which, at individual as well societal level, positively impact

Language: Английский

---

Map Making: Constructing, Combining, and Inferring on Abstract Cognitive Maps

Neuron, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 107(6), P. 1226 - 1238.e8

Published: July 22, 2020

Language: Английский

---

A whole-brain atlas of monosynaptic input targeting four different cell types in the medial prefrontal cortex of the mouse

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 22(4), P. 657 - 668

Published: March 18, 2019

Language: Английский

---

Transcending time in the brain: How event memories are constructed from experience

Hippocampus, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 29(3), P. 162 - 183

Published: Feb. 7, 2019

Our daily lives unfold continuously, yet when we reflect on the past, remember those experiences as distinct and cohesive events. To understand this phenomenon, early investigations focused how individuals perceive natural breakpoints, or boundaries, in ongoing experience. More recent research has examined these boundaries modulate brain mechanisms that support long-term episodic memory. This work revealed a complex interplay between hippocampus prefrontal cortex promotes integration separation of sequential information to help organize our into mnemonic Here, discuss both temporal stability change one's thoughts, goals, surroundings may provide scaffolding for neural processes link separate memories across time. When learning novel familiar sequences information, dynamic hippocampal independently from concert with other regions bind representations together The formation storage discrete occur proactively an experience unfolds. They also retroactively, either during context shift reactivation bring past present allow integration. We describe conditions factors shape construction event different timescales. Together findings shed new light transcends time transform everyday meaningful memory representations.

Language: Английский

---