Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: April 22, 2022
The
detection
and
staging
of
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
using
non-invasive
imaging
biomarkers
is
substantial
clinical
importance.
Positron
emission
tomography
(PET)
provides
readouts
to
uncover
molecular
alterations
in
the
brains
AD
patients
with
high
sensitivity
specificity.
A
variety
amyloid-β
(Aβ)
tau
PET
tracers
are
already
available
for
diagnosis
AD,
but
there
still
a
lack
affinity
selectivity
inclusions
primary
tauopathies,
such
as
progressive
supranuclear
palsy
(PSP),
corticobasal
degeneration
(CBD)
Pick’s
(PiD).
This
review
aims
provide
an
overview
existing
Aβ
their
binding
properties
from
silico
,
vitro
vivo
assessment.
Imaging
pathologic
proteins
vital
diagnosis,
monitoring
potential
therapeutic
approaches
AD.
Off-target
radiolabeled
white
matter
or
other
neural
structures
one
confounding
factor
when
interpreting
images.
To
improve
eliminate
off-target
binding,
second
generation
have
been
developed.
conclude,
we
further
outlook
tauopathies
pathological
features
tauopathies.
Translational Neurodegeneration,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(1)
Published: April 21, 2022
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
a
complex,
heterogeneous,
progressive
and
the
most
common
type
of
neurodegenerative
dementia.
The
prevalence
AD
expected
to
increase
as
population
ages,
placing
an
additional
burden
on
national
healthcare
systems.
There
large
need
for
new
diagnostic
tests
that
can
detect
at
early
stage
with
high
specificity
relatively
low
cost.
development
modern
analytical
tools
has
made
it
possible
determine
several
biomarkers
specificity,
including
pathogenic
proteins,
markers
synaptic
dysfunction,
inflammation
in
blood.
considerable
potential
using
microRNA
(miRNA)
AD,
studies
based
miRNA
panels
suggest
could
potentially
be
determined
accuracy
individual
patients.
Studies
retina
improved
methods
visualization
fundus
are
also
showing
promising
results
diagnosis
disease.
This
review
focuses
recent
developments
blood,
plasma,
ocular
AD.
Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
1, P. 100005 - 100005
Published: Nov. 13, 2019
In
2018,
there
was
a
recent
shift
towards
biological
definition
of
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
based
on
biomarkers
measured
in
vivo
even
before
the
onset
clinical
dementia
symptoms.
No
single
biomarker
can
by
itself
accurately
diagnose
AD.
A
combination
assessed
through
imaging
and
cerebrospinal
fluid
(CSF)
yields
better
diagnostic
accuracy.
Although
amyloid
PET
CSF
levels
tau
deposits
are
increasingly
used
AD
trials
to
increase
confidence
enrolled
subjects,
routine
use
these
settings
is
still
premature
because
risk
overdiagnosis,
increased
cost
and/or
invasiveness
assessment
method.
Also,
standardization
measures
across
studies
needed
assure
regulatory
approval.
Exploring
novel
beyond
pathologies,
their
longitudinal
change
continnum
important
research
avenues
for
future.
Frontiers in Psychology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: March 23, 2021
Background:
The
field
of
voice
and
speech
analysis
has
become
increasingly
popular
over
the
last
10
years,
articles
on
its
use
in
detecting
neurodegenerative
diseases
have
proliferated.
Many
studies
identified
characteristic
features
that
can
be
used
to
draw
an
accurate
distinction
between
healthy
aging
among
older
people
those
with
mild
cognitive
impairment
Alzheimer's
disease.
Speech
been
singled
out
as
a
cost-effective
reliable
method
for
presence
both
conditions.
In
this
research,
systematic
review
was
conducted
determine
these
their
diagnostic
accuracy.
Methods:
Peer-reviewed
literature
located
across
multiple
databases,
involving
apply
new
procedures
automatic
collect
behavioral
evidence
linguistic
impairments
along
accuracy
disease
impairment.
risk
bias
assessed
by
using
JBI
QUADAS-2
checklists.
Results:
Thirty-five
papers
met
inclusion
criteria;
these,
11
were
descriptive
either
or
explored
correlates,
rest
studies.
Overall,
good
quality
presented
solid
usefulness
technique.
distinctive
acoustic
rhythmic
found
are
gathered.
Most
record
88%
80%
Conclusion:
Automatic
is
promising
tool
diagnosing
reported
seem
indicators
changes
people.
specific
involved
could
subject
further
research.
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: May 24, 2024
Alois
Alzheimer
described
the
first
patient
with
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
in
1907
and
today
AD
is
most
frequently
diagnosed
of
dementias.
a
multi-factorial
neurodegenerative
disorder
familial,
life
style
comorbidity
influences
impacting
global
population
more
than
47
million
projected
escalation
by
2050
to
exceed
130
million.
In
USA
demographic
encompasses
approximately
six
individuals,
expected
increase
surpass
13
2050,
antecedent
phase
AD,
recognized
as
mild
cognitive
impairment
(MCI),
involves
nearly
12
individuals.
The
economic
outlay
for
management
AD-related
decline
estimated
at
355
billion
USD.
addition,
intensifying
prevalence
cases
countries
modest
intermediate
income
further
enhances
urgency
therapeutically
cost-effective
treatments
improving
quality
patients
their
families.
This
narrative
review
evaluates
pathophysiological
basis
an
initial
focus
on
therapeutic
efficacy
limitations
existing
drugs
that
provide
symptomatic
relief:
acetylcholinesterase
inhibitors
(AChEI)
donepezil,
galantamine,
rivastigmine,
N-methyl-D-aspartate
receptor
(NMDA)
allosteric
modulator,
memantine.
hypothesis
amyloid-β
(Aβ)
tau
are
appropriate
targets
have
potential
halt
progress
critically
analyzed
particular
clinical
trial
data
anti-Aβ
monoclonal
antibodies
(MABs),
namely,
aducanumab,
lecanemab
donanemab.
challenges
dogma
targeting
Aβ
will
benefit
majority
subjects
MABs
unlikely
be
“magic
bullet”.
A
comparison
benefits
disadvantages
different
classes
forms
determining
new
directions
research
alternative
drug
undergoing
pre-clinical
assessments.
we
discuss
stress
importance
treatment
co-morbidities,
including
hypertension,
diabetes,
obesity
depression
known
risk
developing
AD.
Pharmaceuticals,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
14(2), P. 110 - 110
Published: Jan. 30, 2021
Tauvid
has
been
approved
by
the
U.S.
Food
and
Drug
Administration
(FDA)
in
2020
for
positron
emission
tomography
(PET)
imaging
of
adult
patients
with
cognitive
impairments
undergoing
evaluation
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
based
on
tau
pathology.
Abnormal
aggregation
proteins
is
one
main
pathologies
present
AD
receiving
increasing
attention
as
a
diagnostic
therapeutic
target.
In
this
review,
we
summarised
production
quality
control
Tauvid,
its
clinical
application,
pharmacology
pharmacokinetics,
well
limitation
due
to
off-target
binding.
Moreover,
brief
overview
second-generation
Tau
PET
tracers
provided.
The
approval
marks
step
forward
field
research
opens
up
opportunities
advance
clinic.
