Clinical applications of stem cell-derived exosomes

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Abstract Although stem cell-based therapy has demonstrated considerable potential to manage certain diseases more successfully than conventional surgery, it nevertheless comes with inescapable drawbacks that might limit its clinical translation. Compared cells, cell-derived exosomes possess numerous advantages, such as non-immunogenicity, non-infusion toxicity, easy access, effortless preservation, and freedom from tumorigenic ethical issues. Exosomes can inherit similar therapeutic effects their parental cells embryonic adult through vertical delivery of pluripotency or multipotency. After a thorough search meticulous dissection relevant literature the last five years, we present this comprehensive, up-to-date, specialty-specific disease-oriented review highlight surgical application exosomes. derived (e.g., embryonic, induced pluripotent, hematopoietic, mesenchymal, neural, endothelial cells) are capable treating encountered in orthopedic neurosurgery, plastic general cardiothoracic urology, head neck ophthalmology, obstetrics gynecology. The diverse cells-derived hierarchical translation tissue-specific responses, cell-specific molecular signaling pathways. In review, viable potent alternative managing various conditions. We recommend future research combines wisdoms surgeons, nanomedicine practitioners, cell researchers intriguing area.

Language: Английский

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Failure of cartilage regeneration: emerging hypotheses and related therapeutic strategies

Nature Reviews Rheumatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(7), P. 403 - 416

Published: June 9, 2023

Language: Английский

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Gender-Related Aspects in Osteoarthritis Development and Progression: A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(5), P. 2767 - 2767

Published: March 2, 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease treated mostly symptomatically before approaching its definitive treatment, arthroplasty. The rapidly growing prevalence of OA highlights the urgent need for more efficient treatment strategy and boosts research into mechanisms incidence progression. As multifactorial disease, many aspects have been investigated as contributors to onset Differences in gender appear play role natural history since female sex known increase susceptibility development. aim present review investigate cues associated with by analyzing various hormonal, anatomical, molecular, biomechanical parameters, well their differences between sexes. Our findings reveal possible implications progression provide evidence gaps current state art, thus suggesting future directions.

Language: Английский

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Functional biomaterials for osteoarthritis treatment: From research to application

Smart Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 1(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disease that endangers millions of middle-aged and elderly people worldwide. Researchers from different fields have made great efforts achieved remarkable progress in the pathogenesis treatment OA. However, there still no cure for In this review, we discuss OA summarize current clinical therapies. Moreover, introduce various natural synthetic biomaterials drug release, cartilage transplantation, joint lubricant during treatment. We also present our perspectives insights on future. hope review will foster communication collaboration among biological, clinical, biomaterial researchers, paving way therapeutic breakthroughs.

Language: Английский

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Lactobacillus (LA-1) and butyrate inhibit osteoarthritis by controlling autophagy and inflammatory cell death of chondrocytes

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Oct. 17, 2022

Osteoarthritis (OA) reduces the quality of life as a result pain caused by continuous joint destruction. Inactivated Lactobacillus (LA-1) ameliorated osteoarthritis and protected cartilage modulating inflammation. In this study, we evaluated mechanism which live LA-1 OA. To investigate effect on OA progression, administered into monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced animals. The threshold, damage, inflammation synovial membrane were improved LA-1. Furthermore, analysis intestinal tissues feces in disease model has been shown to affect systems system improve microbiome environment. Interestingly, tissue was reduced, altered Live administration led an increase level Faecalibacterium is short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate-producing bacteria. daily supply butyrate, bacterial SCFA, showed tendency decrease necroptosis, type abnormal cell death, inducing autophagy reversing impaired inflammatory These results suggest that modulated changes gut microbiome, suggesting activation can reduce aberrant death. summary, or butyrate ameliorates progression environment autophagic flux. Our findings regulation microenvironment therapeutic target for

Language: Английский

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Chondrocyte Hypertrophy in Osteoarthritis: Mechanistic Studies and Models for the Identification of New Therapeutic Strategies

Cells, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(24), P. 4034 - 4034

Published: Dec. 13, 2022

Articular cartilage shows limited self-healing ability owing to its low cellularity and avascularity. Untreated defects display an increased propensity degenerate, leading osteoarthritis (OA). During OA progression, articular chondrocytes are subjected significant alterations in gene expression phenotype, including a shift towards hypertrophic-like state (with the of collagen type X, matrix metalloproteinases-13, alkaline phosphatase) analogous what eventuates during endochondral ossification. Present management strategies focus, however, exclusively on inflammation degradation. A better understanding hypertrophic chondrocyte phenotype might give new insights into pathogenesis, suggesting potential disease-modifying therapeutic approaches. Recent developments field cellular/molecular biology tissue engineering proceeded direction contrasting onset this but knowledge gaps cause–effect these processes still present. In review we will highlight possible advantages drawbacks using approach as strategy while focusing experimental models necessary for phenomenon. Specifically, discuss brief cellular signaling pathways associated with progression analyze depth disadvantages various that have been used mimic it. Afterwards, present developed proposed impede hypertrophy mineralization/calcification. Finally, examine future perspectives strategies.

Language: Английский

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The emerging potential of siRNA nanotherapeutics in treatment of arthritis

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(5), P. 100845 - 100845

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

RNA interference (RNAi) using small interfering (siRNA) has shown potential as a therapeutic option for the treatment of arthritis by silencing specific genes. However, siRNA delivery faces several challenges, including stability, targeting, off-target effects, endosomal escape, immune response activation, intravascular degradation, and renal clearance. A variety nanotherapeutics like lipidic nanoparticles, liposomes, polymeric solid lipid nanoparticles have been developed to improve cellular uptake, protect it from enhance its efficacy. Researchers are also investigating chemical modifications bioconjugation reduce immunogenicity. This review discusses various immune-mediated diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, etc. an upsurge interest future looks promising such interdisciplinary approach-based modalities that combine principles molecular biology, nanotechnology, formulation sciences.

Language: Английский

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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a promising cell-free therapy for knee osteoarthritis

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 16, 2024

Osteoarthritis (OA), as a degenerative disease, leads to high socioeconomic burdens and disability rates. The knee joint is typically the most affected characterized by progressive destruction of articular cartilage, subchondral bone remodeling, osteophyte formation synovial inflammation. current management OA mainly focuses on symptomatic relief does not help slow down advancement disease. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) their exosomes have garnered significant attention in regenerative therapy tissue engineering areas. Preclinical studies demonstrated that MSC-derived (MSC-Exos), bioactive factor carriers, promising results cell-free OA. This study reviewed application various MSC-Exos for treatment, along with exploring potential underlying mechanisms. Moreover, strategies future perspectives utilization engineered MSC-Exos, alongside associated challenges, were also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Roles and mechanisms of copper homeostasis and cuproptosis in osteoarticular diseases

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 174, P. 116570 - 116570

Published: April 9, 2024

Copper is an essential trace element in the human body that extensively distributed throughout various tissues. The appropriate level of copper crucial to maintaining life activities body, and excess deficiency can lead diseases. levels are regulated by homeostasis, which maintains tissues cells controlling its absorption, transport, storage. Cuproptosis a distinct form cell death induced excessive accumulation intracellular copper. homeostasis cuproptosis has recently elicited increased attention realm health. emerged as promising avenue for cancer therapy. Studies concerning osteoarticular diseases have elucidated intricate interplay among cuproptosis, onset dysregulation cause abnormal bone cartilage metabolism, affecting related cells. This phenomenon assumes critical role pathophysiological processes underpinning diseases, with implications inflammatory immune responses. While early Cu-modulating agents shown promise clinical settings, additional research advancements warranted enhance their efficacy. In this review, we summarize effects potential mechanisms on cartilage, well regulatory roles pathological mechanism (e.g., osteosarcoma (OS), osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA)). We also discuss clinical-application prospects copper-targeting strategy, may provide new ideas diagnosis treatment

Language: Английский

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Osteoclasts and osteoarthritis: Novel intervention targets and therapeutic potentials during aging

Aging Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(4)

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA), a chronic degenerative joint disease, is highly prevalent among the aging population, and often leads to pain, disability, diminished quality of life. Although considerable research has been conducted, precise molecular mechanisms propelling OA pathogenesis continue be elusive, thereby impeding development effective therapeutics. Notably, recent studies have revealed subchondral bone lesions precede cartilage degeneration in early stage OA. This marked by escalated osteoclast‐mediated resorption, subsequent imbalances metabolism, accelerated turnover, decrease volume, contributing significantly pathological changes. While role hallmarks extensively elucidated from perspective chondrocytes, their connection with osteoclasts not yet fully understood. There compelling evidence suggest that age‐related abnormalities such as epigenetic alterations, proteostasis network disruption, cellular senescence, mitochondrial dysfunction, can stimulate osteoclast activity. review intends systematically discuss how contribute pathogenesis, placing particular emphasis on age‐induced shifts It also aims future probing into therapeutic approaches targeting during aging.

Language: Английский

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