Role of Fatty Acids β-Oxidation in the Metabolic Interactions Between Organs

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(23), P. 12740 - 12740

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

In recent decades, several discoveries have been made that force us to reconsider old ideas about mitochondria and energy metabolism in the light of these discoveries. this review, we discuss metabolic interaction between various organs, significance primary substrates their pathways, namely aerobic glycolysis, lactate shuttling, fatty acids β-oxidation. We rely on new supramolecular structure mitochondrial respiratory chain (respirasome), necessity supporting for β-oxidation, reverse electron transfer via succinate dehydrogenase during conclude ATP production acid β-oxidation has its upper limits thus cannot support high demands alone. Meanwhile, creates conditions significantly accelerate cycle: glucose-aerobic glycolysis-lactate-gluconeogenesis-glucose. Therefore, glycolytic becomes an important source demand. addition, serves as a substrate after converting pyruvate + H+ by dehydrogenase. All coupled pathways are irreversible, enzymes organized into multienzyme structures.

Language: Английский

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Causal interaction of metabolic oscillations in monolayers of Hela cervical cancer cells: emergence of complex networks

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 3, 2025

A novel global cooperative phenomenon was observed in monolayers of HeLa cervical cancer cells that exhibited glycolytic oscillations but did not exhibit synchronisation or partial synchronisation. The analysis causality the between cell pairs cell-monolayer sheet revealed a hidden causal interaction network. Furthermore, network exhibits characteristics broad-scale This suggests key perform hub-like function and population forms metabolically connected functional rather than randomly one. Unlike previous work focused on cells, present study analysed oscillating by Convergent Cross Mapping (CCM), which is based phase-space reconstruction time-series data used to find weakly coupled components nonlinear dynamical systems. We believe framework proposed this useful for investigating state group can accelerate studies cellular metabolic phenomena including $$\:\beta\:$$ within islets Langerhans. It would also be applicable systems oscillators may include phenomena.

Language: Английский

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Lactylation and Central Nervous System Diseases

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 294 - 294

Published: March 11, 2025

As the final product of glycolysis, lactate serves as an energy substrate, metabolite, and signaling molecule in various diseases mediates lactylation, epigenetic modification that occurs under both physiological pathological conditions. Lactylation is a crucial mechanism by which exerts its functions, participating vital biological activities such glycolysis-related cellular macrophage polarization, nervous system regulation. links metabolic regulation to central (CNS) diseases, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer’s disease, acute ischemic stroke, schizophrenia, revealing diverse functions lactylation CNS. In future, further exploration lactylation-associated enzymes proteins needed develop specific inhibitors or activators, could provide new tools strategies for treatment CNS diseases.

Language: Английский

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Protein lactylation in cancer: mechanisms and potential therapeutic implications

Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 24, 2025

Abstract Increased glycolysis, which leads to high lactate production, is a common feature of cancer cells. Recent evidence suggests that plays role in the post-translational modification histone and nonhistone proteins via lactylation. In contrast genetic mutations, lactylation cells reversible. Thus, reversing can be exploited as pharmacological intervention for various cancers. Here we discuss recent advances cancer, including l -, d - s -lactylation, well alanyl-tRNA synthetase novel lactyltransferase. We also potential approaches targeting therapeutic opportunity treatment.

Language: Английский

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Breaking the Specificity Barrier in Microwave Sensing: Highly Specific Lactate Microwave Biosensor for Fitness and Exercise Optimization

ACS Sensors, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 3, 2025

Noninvasive biomarker sensing plays a vital role in health monitoring and sports physiology, particularly for tracking sweat lactate real time to gauge exercise intensity without disrupting activity. This work introduces high-specificity microwave biosensor detection, addressing the challenge of specificity seen current biosensors, which limits their practical applications. Our approach leverages cost-effective complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) combined with oxidase (LOx) immobilized on spherical glass beads that act as mini-reactors within microfluidic reservoir, enabling highly specific sensing. The sensor was tested phosphate buffer saline (PBS) artificial sweat, achieving high linear sensitivity 10.9 11.3 MHz/mM, respectively, across concentrations up 150 mM limit-of-detection (LOD) 8.76 mM, validation using gold-standard HPLC method. It demonstrated excellent against common interferences, including glucose, uric acid, several ions. Testing diverse group adult volunteers confirmed sensor's capability detect dynamic changes during reliably identify threshold (LT), underscoring its promise applications physiology. innovative method not only offers powerful tool but also paves way enzyme-specific biosensors adaptable range biomarkers by simply exchanging target enzyme.

Language: Английский

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