Gut microbiota and its metabolites in depression: from pathogenesis to treatment

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 90, P. 104527 - 104527

Published: March 22, 2023

Language: Английский

---

The Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis in Psychiatric Disorders

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(19), P. 11245 - 11245

Published: Sept. 24, 2022

Modulating the gut microbiome and its influence on human health is subject of intense research. The microbiota could be associated not only with gastroenterological diseases but also psychiatric disorders. importance factors such as stress, mode delivery, role probiotics, circadian clock system, diet, occupational environmental exposure in relationship between brain function through bidirectional communication, described "the microbiome-gut-brain axis", especially underlined. In this review, we discuss link intestinal host response involving different pathways nervous system (e.g., neurotransmitters, endocrine immunological mechanisms, or bacterial metabolites). We review alterations their results development disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar (BD), autism spectrum (ASD), attention-deficit hyperactivity (ADHD).

Language: Английский

---

Molecular pathways of major depressive disorder converge on the synapse

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(1), P. 284 - 297

Published: Oct. 6, 2022

Abstract Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric disease of still poorly understood molecular etiology. Extensive studies at different levels point to high complexity numerous interrelated pathways as the underpinnings depression. systems under consideration include monoamines, stress, neurotrophins and neurogenesis, excitatory inhibitory neurotransmission, mitochondrial dysfunction, (epi)genetics, inflammation, opioid system, myelination, gut-brain axis, among others. This review aims illustrating how these multiple signaling may interact provide more comprehensive view MDD’s neurobiology. In particular, considering pattern synaptic activity closest physical representation mood, emotion, conscience we can conceptualize, each pathway or system will be scrutinized for links neurotransmission. Models neurobiology MDD discussed well future actions improve understanding treatment options.

Language: Английский

---

Major depressive disorder

Nature Reviews Disease Primers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Aug. 24, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Multi-omics analyses of serum metabolome, gut microbiome and brain function reveal dysregulated microbiota-gut-brain axis in bipolar depression

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(10), P. 4123 - 4135

Published: April 20, 2022

Language: Английский

---

The Gut Microbiome in Depression and Potential Benefit of Prebiotics, Probiotics and Synbiotics: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials and Observational Studies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(9), P. 4494 - 4494

Published: April 19, 2022

An emerging body of literature demonstrates differences in the gut microbiome (GMB) patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) compared to healthy controls (HC), as well potential benefits prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotic treatment. We conducted a systematic review 24 observational studies (n = 2817), 19 interventional trials 1119). assessed alpha diversity, beta taxa abundance changes MDD relative HC, effect prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics on symptoms individuals clinical or subclinical depression. observed no significant diversity but difference between HC. There were fluctuations specific Probiotic synbiotic, not treatment showed modest benefit reducing over four nine weeks. The GMB profiles differ significantly from further are needed elucidate probiotic treatments antidepressants longer follow-up before these therapies implemented into practice.

Language: Английский

---

Clinical, gut microbial and neural effects of a probiotic add-on therapy in depressed patients: a randomized controlled trial

Translational Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: June 3, 2022

Abstract A promising new treatment approach for major depressive disorder (MDD) targets the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis, which is linked to physiological and behavioral functions affected in MDD. This first randomized controlled trial determine whether short-term, high-dose probiotic supplementation reduces symptoms along with gut microbial neural changes depressed patients. Patients current episodes took either a multi-strain supplement or placebo over 31 days additionally treatment-as-usual. Assessments place before, immediately after again four weeks intervention. The Hamilton Depression Rating Sale (HAM-D) was assessed as primary outcome. Quantitative microbiome profiling neuroimaging used detect MGB axis. In sample that completed intervention (probiotics N = 21, 26), HAM-D scores decreased time interactions between group indicated stronger decrease probiotics relative group. Probiotics maintained diversity increased abundance of genus Lactobacillus , indicating effectivity increase specific taxa. associated Finally, putamen activation response neutral faces significantly Our data imply an add-on ameliorates microbiota brain, highlights role axis MDD emphasizes potential microbiota-related approaches accessible, pragmatic, non-stigmatizing therapies Trial Registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02957591.

Language: Английский

---

Comorbidity between major depressive disorder and physical diseases: a comprehensive review of epidemiology, mechanisms and management

World Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(3), P. 366 - 387

Published: Sept. 15, 2023

Populations with common physical diseases – such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders experience substantially higher rates of major depressive disorder (MDD) than the general population. On other hand, people living MDD have a greater risk for many diseases. This high level comorbidity is associated worse outcomes, reduced adherence to treatment, increased mortality, health care utilization costs. Comorbidity can also result in range clinical challenges, more complicated therapeutic alliance, issues pertaining adaptive behaviors, drug‐drug interactions adverse events induced by medications used mental disorders. Potential explanations prevalence above involve shared genetic biological pathways. These latter include inflammation, gut microbiome, mitochondrial function energy metabolism, hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis dysregulation, brain structure function. Furthermore, several antecedents related social factors (e.g., socioeconomic status), lifestyle variables activity, diet, sleep), stressful live childhood trauma). Pharmacotherapies psychotherapies are effective treatments comorbid MDD, introduction interventions well collaborative models digital technologies provide promising strategies improving management. paper aims detailed overview epidemiology specific including bidirectional risk; pathways potentially implicated pathogenesis diseases; socio‐environmental that serve both protective factors; management prevention treatment. We conclude future directions emerging research optimal

Language: Английский

---

Differences in Alpha Diversity of Gut Microbiota in Neurological Diseases

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: June 28, 2022

Neurological diseases are difficult to diagnose in time, and there is currently a lack of effective predictive methods. Previous studies have indicated that variety neurological cause changes the gut microbiota. Alpha diversity major indicator describe At present, relationship between alpha microbiota remains unclear.We performed systematic literature search Pubmed Bioproject databases up January 2021. Six indices were used measure diversity, including community richness (observed species, Chao1 ACE), (Shannon, Simpson), phylogenetic (PD). Random-effects meta-analyses on standardized mean difference (SMD) carried out indices. Subgroup analyses explore sources interstudy heterogeneity. Meta-analysis was articles by matching age, sex, body mass index (BMI) disease group with control group. Meanwhile, subgroup analysis variability sequencing region, platform, geographical instrument, diseases. The area under curve (AUC) value receiver operating characteristic (ROC) calculated assess prediction effectiveness microbial indices.We conducted meta-analysis 24 published 16S rRNA gene amplified from database (patients, n = 1,469; controls, 1,289). pooled estimate demonstrated no significant patients controls (P < 0.05). decreased only Parkinson's patients, while it increased anorexia nervosa compared controls. After adjusting for BMI, none associated In terms Illumina HiSeq 2000 V3-V5 results showed significantly comparison 2500. ROC curves suggested could be as biomarker predict AD (Simpson, AUC= 0.769, P 0.0001), MS 0.737, 0.001), schizophrenia (Chao1, AUC 0.739, 0.002).Our review summarized promising predictor AD, schizophrenia, MS, but not all

Language: Английский

---

Irritable bowel syndrome and mental health comorbidity — approach to multidisciplinary management

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(9), P. 582 - 596

Published: June 2, 2023

Language: Английский

---