The microbiota–gut–brain axis and neurodevelopmental disorders

Protein & Cell, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 762 - 775

Published: May 11, 2023

Abstract The gut microbiota has been found to interact with the brain through microbiota–gut–brain axis, regulating various physiological processes. In recent years, impacts of on neurodevelopment this axis have increasingly appreciated. is commonly considered regulate three pathways, immune pathway, neuronal and endocrine/systemic overlaps crosstalks in between. Accumulating studies identified role neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity Rett Syndrome. Numerous researchers examined pathophysiological mechanisms influenced by (NDDs). This review aims provide a comprehensive overview advancements research pertaining microbiota-gut-brain NDDs. Furthermore, we analyzed both current state progress discuss future perspectives field.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Gut Microbiota in Anxiety, Depression, and Other Mental Disorders as Well as the Protective Effects of Dietary Components

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(14), P. 3258 - 3258

Published: July 23, 2023

The number of individuals experiencing mental disorders (e.g., anxiety and depression) has significantly risen in recent years. Therefore, it is essential to seek prevention treatment strategies for disorders. Several gut microbiota, especially Firmicutes Bacteroidetes, are demonstrated affect health through microbiota-gut-brain axis, the microbiota dysbiosis can be related disorders, such as anxiety, depression, other On hand, dietary components, including probiotics Lactobacillus Bifidobacterium), prebiotics fiber alpha-lactalbumin), synbiotics, postbiotics short-chain fatty acids), dairy products, spices Zanthoxylum bungeanum, curcumin, capsaicin), fruits, vegetables, medicinal herbs, so on, could exert protective effects against by enhancing beneficial while suppressing harmful ones. In this paper, disorder-associated summarized. addition, components on targeting discussed. This paper helpful develop some natural products into pharmaceuticals functional foods prevent treat

Language: Английский

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Emerging role of the host microbiome in neuropsychiatric disorders: overview and future directions

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(9), P. 3625 - 3637

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Abstract The human body harbors a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, collectively known as the microbiota. Current research is increasingly focusing on potential association between microbiota various neuropsychiatric disorders. resides in parts body, such oral cavity, nasal passages, lungs, gut, skin, bladder, vagina. gut gastrointestinal tract has received particular attention due to its high abundance role psychiatric neurodegenerative However, presents other tissues, though less abundant, also plays crucial immune system homeostasis, thus influencing development progression For example, imbalance associated periodontitis might increase risk for Additionally, studies using postmortem brain samples have detected widespread presence bacteria brains patients with Alzheimer’s disease. This article provides an overview emerging host disorders discusses future directions, underlying biological mechanisms, reliable biomarkers microbiota, microbiota-targeted interventions, this field.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids and depression: deep insight into biological mechanisms and potential applications

General Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 37(1), P. e101374 - e101374

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

The gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic ecosystem known as the ‘second brain’. Composing microbiota-gut-brain axis, its metabolites regulate central nervous system through neural, endocrine immune pathways to ensure normal functioning of organism, tuning individuals’ health disease status. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), main bioactive microbiota, are involved in several neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression. SCFAs have essential effects on each component axis In present review, roles major (acetate, propionate butyrate) pathophysiology depression summarised with respect chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, neuroinflammation, host epigenome neuroendocrine alterations. Concluding remarks biological mechanisms related will hopefully address clinical value microbiota-related treatments for

Language: Английский

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Gut bacteria-driven homovanillic acid alleviates depression by modulating synaptic integrity

Cell Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(5), P. 1000 - 1012.e6

Published: April 5, 2024

The gut-brain axis is implicated in depression development, yet its underlying mechanism remains unclear. We observed depleted gut bacterial species, including Bifidobacterium longum and Roseburia intestinalis, the neurotransmitter homovanillic acid (HVA) individuals with mouse models. Although R. intestinalis does not directly produce HVA, it enhances B. abundance, leading to HVA generation. This highlights a synergistic interaction among microbiota regulating intestinal production. Administering longum, or models chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) corticosterone (CORT)-induced significantly improved depressive symptoms. Mechanistically, inhibited synaptic autophagic death by preventing excessive degradation of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) SQSTM1/p62 proteins, protecting hippocampal neurons' presynaptic membrane. These findings underscore role microbial metabolism modulating integrity provide insights into potential novel treatment strategies for depression.

Language: Английский

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Prebiotics modulate the microbiota–gut–brain axis and ameliorate anxiety and depression-like behavior in HFD-fed mice

Food Research International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 182, P. 114153 - 114153

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Mind, Mood and Microbiota—Gut–Brain Axis in Psychiatric Disorders

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3340 - 3340

Published: March 15, 2024

Psychiatric disorders represent a primary source of disability worldwide, manifesting as disturbances in individuals’ cognitive processes, emotional regulation, and behavioral patterns. In the quest to discover novel therapies expand boundaries neuropharmacology, studies from field have highlighted gut microbiota’s role modulating these disorders. These alterations may influence brain’s processes through brain–gut axis, multifaceted bidirectional system that establishes connection between enteric central nervous systems. Thus, probiotic prebiotic supplements are meant overall health play an insightful alleviating psychiatric symptoms, such templates major depressive disorder, anxiety, or schizophrenia. Moreover, administration psychotropic drugs has been revealed induce specific changes microbiome’s diversity, suggesting their potential utility combating bacterial infections. This review emphasizes intricate correlations microbiota, mentioning promising approaches regard modulation treatments, well antimicrobial effects medication.

Language: Английский

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The immunological perspective of major depressive disorder: unveiling the interactions between central and peripheral immune mechanisms

Journal of Neuroinflammation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 19, 2025

Major depressive disorder is a prevalent mental disorder, yet its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Accumulating evidence implicates dysregulated immune mechanisms as key contributors to disorders. This review elucidates the complex interplay between peripheral and central components underlying pathology. Peripherally, systemic inflammation, gut dysregulation, dysfunction in organs including gut, liver, spleen adipose tissue influence brain function through neural molecular pathways. Within nervous system, aberrant microglial astrocytes activation, cytokine imbalances, compromised blood-brain barrier integrity propagate neuroinflammation, disrupting neurotransmission, impairing neuroplasticity, promoting neuronal injury. The crosstalk immunity creates vicious cycle exacerbating neuropathology. Unraveling these multifaceted immune-mediated provides insights into major disorder's pathogenic basis potential biomarkers targets. Modulating both responses represent promising multidimensional therapeutic strategy.

Language: Английский

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Critical Review of the Cross-Links Between Dietary Components, the Gut Microbiome, and Depression

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 614 - 614

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

The complex relationship between diet, the gut microbiota, and mental health, particularly depression, has become a focal point of contemporary research. This critical review examines how specific dietary components, such as fiber, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, bioactive compounds, shape microbiome influence microbial metabolism in order to regulate depressive outcomes. These dietary-induced changes microbiota can modulate production metabolites, which play vital roles gut–brain communication. axis facilitates this communication through neural, immune, endocrine pathways. Alterations metabolites central nervous system (CNS) functions by impacting neuroplasticity, inflammatory responses, neurotransmitter levels—all are linked onset course depression. highlights recent findings linking components with beneficial composition reduced symptoms. We also explore challenges individual variability responses interventions long-term sustainability these strategies. underscores necessity for further longitudinal mechanistic studies elucidate precise mechanisms diet interactions be leveraged mitigate paving way personalized nutritional therapies.

Language: Английский

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The brain-gut-microbiota interplay in depression: A key to design innovative therapeutic approaches

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 192, P. 106799 - 106799

Published: May 19, 2023

Depression is the most prevalent mental disorder in world associated with huge socio-economic consequences. While depressive-related symptoms are well known, molecular mechanisms underlying disease pathophysiology and progression remain largely unknown. The gut microbiota (GM) emerging as a key regulator of central nervous system homeostasis by exerting fundamental immune metabolic functions. In turn, brain influences intestinal microbial composition through neuroendocrine signals, within so-called microbiota-brain axis. balance this bidirectional crosstalk important to ensure neurogenesis, preserve integrity blood-brain barrier avoid neuroinflammation. Conversely, dysbiosis permeability negatively affect development, behavior, cognition. Furthermore, although not fully defined yet, changes GM depressed patients reported influence pharmacokinetics common antidepressants affecting their absorption, metabolism, activity. Similarly, neuropsychiatric drugs may shape turn an impact on efficacy toxicity pharmacological intervention itself. Consequently, strategies aimed at re-establishing correct homeostatic (i.e., prebiotics, probiotics, fecal transplantation, dietary interventions) represent innovative approach improve pharmacotherapy depression. Among these, probiotics Mediterranean diet, alone or combination standard care, hold promise for clinical application. Therefore, disclosure intricate network between depression will give precious insights diagnostic therapeutic approaches towards depression, profound implications drug development practice.

Language: Английский

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