Nutritional Components in Western Diet Versus Mediterranean Diet at the Gut Microbiota–Immune System Interplay. Implications for Health and Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 699 - 699

Published: Feb. 22, 2021

The most prevalent diseases of our time, non-communicable (NCDs) (including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and some types cancer) are rising worldwide. All them share the condition an “inflammatory disorder”, with impaired immune functions frequently caused or accompanied by alterations in gut microbiota. These multifactorial maladies also have common malnutrition related to physiopathology. In this context, diet is greatest modulator system–microbiota crosstalk, much interest, new challenges, arising area precision nutrition as a way towards treatment prevention. It fact that westernized (WD) partly responsible for increased prevalence NCDs, negatively affecting both microbiota system. Conversely, other nutritional approaches, such Mediterranean (MD), positively influence system microbiota, proposed not only potential tool clinical management different disease conditions, but prevention health promotion globally. Thus, purpose review determine regulatory role components WD MD interplay, order understand, create awareness of, over key components.

Language: Английский

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Role of bile acids and their receptors in gastrointestinal and hepatic pathophysiology

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(7), P. 432 - 450

Published: Feb. 14, 2022

Language: Английский

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Microbiota Metabolites in Health and Disease

Annual Review of Immunology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 38(1), P. 147 - 170

Published: April 26, 2020

Metabolism is one of the strongest drivers interkingdom interactions—including those between microorganisms and their multicellular hosts. Traditionally thought to fuel energy requirements provide building blocks for biosynthetic pathways, metabolism now appreciated its role in providing metabolites, small-molecule intermediates generated from metabolic processes, perform various regulatory functions mediate symbiotic relationships microbes Here, we review recent advances our mechanistic understanding how microbiota-derived metabolites orchestrate support physiological responses host, including immunity, inflammation, defense against infections, metabolism. Understanding metabolically communicate with hosts will us an opportunity better describe a host interacts all microbes—beneficial, pathogenic, commensal—and discover new ways treat microbial-driven diseases.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota and aging

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 62(13), P. 3509 - 3534

Published: Dec. 30, 2020

Aging is characterized by the functional decline of tissues and organs increased risk aging-associated disorders, which pose major societal challenges are a public health priority. Despite extensive human genetics studies, limited progress has been made linking with aging. There growing realization that altered assembly, structure dynamics gut microbiota actively participate in aging process. Age-related microbial dysbiosis involved reshaping immune responses during aging, manifest as immunosenescence (insufficiency) inflammaging (over-reaction) accompany many age-associated enteric extraenteric diseases. The can be regulated, suggesting potential target for interventions. This review summarizes recent findings on physiological succession across life-cycle, roles mechanisms healthy alterations diseases, microbiota-targeted anti-aging strategies.

Language: Английский

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The contribution of gut bacterial metabolites in the human immune signaling pathway of non-communicable diseases

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

The interaction disorder between gut microbiota and its host has been documented in different non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative disease, autoimmune disease. majority of these altered interactions arise through cross-talk immune system, inducing a low-grade chronic inflammation that characterizes all NCDs. In this review, we discuss the contribution bacterial metabolites to signaling pathways involved We then review recent advances aid rationally design microbial therapeutics. A deeper understanding intersections metabolism using metabolomics-based system biology platform promises reveal fundamental mechanisms drive predispositions disease suggest new avenues use therapeutic opportunities for NCDs treatment prevention.

Language: Английский

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Bile Acid–Gut Microbiota Axis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: From Bench to Bedside

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 3143 - 3143

Published: Sept. 9, 2021

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, with increasing prevalence, and its pathogenesis remains unclear. Accumulating evidence suggested that gut microbiota bile acids play pivotal roles in intestinal homeostasis inflammation. Patients IBD exhibit decreased microbial diversity abnormal composition marked by depletion phylum Firmicutes (including bacteria involved acid metabolism) enrichment Proteobacteria. Dysbiosis leads to blocked transformation. Thus, concentration primary conjugated elevated at expense secondary IBD. In turn, could modulate community. Gut dysbiosis disturbed impair barrier immunity. Several therapies, such as diets, probiotics, prebiotics, engineered bacteria, fecal transplantation ursodeoxycholic acid, may alleviate restoring acids. acid-gut axis closely connected pathogenesis. Regulation this be novel option for treating

Language: Английский

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An international genome-wide meta-analysis of primary biliary cholangitis: Novel risk loci and candidate drugs

Journal of Hepatology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 75(3), P. 572 - 581

Published: May 23, 2021

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic liver disease in which autoimmune destruction of the small intrahepatic bile ducts eventually leads to cirrhosis. Many patients have inadequate response licensed medications, motivating search for novel therapies. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and meta-analyses (GWMA) PBC identified numerous risk loci this condition, providing insight into its aetiology. We undertook largest GWMA date, aiming identify additional prioritise candidate genes silico drug efficacy screening.

Language: Английский

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Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Host Immunity: Impact on Inflammation and Immunotherapy

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 294 - 294

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Gut microbes and their metabolites are actively involved in the development regulation of host immunity, which can influence disease susceptibility. Herein, we review most recent research advancements gut microbiota–immune axis. We discuss detail how microbiota is a tipping point for neonatal immune as indicated by newly uncovered phenomenon, such maternal imprinting, utero intestinal metabolome, weaning reaction. describe shapes both innate adaptive immunity with emphasis on short-chain fatty acids secondary bile acids. also comprehensively delineate disruption axis results immune-mediated diseases, gastrointestinal infections, inflammatory bowel cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., cardiovascular diabetes, hypertension), autoimmunity rheumatoid arthritis), hypersensitivity asthma allergies), psychological anxiety), cancer colorectal hepatic). further encompass role fecal transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, dietary polyphenols reshaping therapeutic potential. Continuing, examine modulates therapies, including checkpoint inhibitors, JAK anti-TNF therapies. lastly mention current challenges metagenomics, germ-free models, recapitulation to achieve fundamental understanding regulates immunity. Altogether, this proposes improving immunotherapy efficacy from perspective microbiome-targeted interventions.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota exaggerates triclosan-induced liver injury via gut-liver axis

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 421, P. 126707 - 126707

Published: July 21, 2021

Language: Английский

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Bile acid coordinates microbiota homeostasis and systemic immunometabolism in cardiometabolic diseases

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 2129 - 2149

Published: Dec. 22, 2021

Cardiometabolic disease (CMD), characterized with metabolic disorder triggered cardiovascular events, is a leading cause of death and disability. Metabolic disorders trigger chronic low-grade inflammation, actually, new concept metaflammation has been proposed to define the state metabolism connected immunological adaptations. Amongst continuously increased list systemic metabolites in regulation immune system, bile acids (BAs) represent distinct class implicated whole process CMD development because its multifaceted roles shaping immunometabolism. BAs can directly modulate system by either boosting or inhibiting inflammatory responses via diverse mechanisms. Moreover, are key determinants maintaining dynamic communication between host microbiota. Importantly, targeting Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) other nuclear receptors play regulating homeostasis lipids, glucose, amino acids. axis per se susceptible intervention, thereby may constitute reciprocal regulatory loop metaflammation. We thus propose that represents core coordinator integrating immunometabolism CMD. provide an updated summary intensive discussion about how shape both innate adaptive function as inflammation conditions

Language: Английский

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