Butyrate Properties in Immune-Related Diseases: Friend or Foe?

Fermentation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(3), P. 205 - 205

Published: Feb. 21, 2023

Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) created within the intestinal lumen by bacterial fermentation of largely undigested dietary carbohydrates. Its beneficial effects on cellular energy metabolism and homeostasis have garnered significant attention among SCFAs. also has systemic known to regulate immune system. Most butyrate other SCFAs are produced in human colon, through fiber or resistant starch. However, modern diet often lacks sufficient intake fermentable fiber, which can lead low levels colon. To increase levels, it helpful incorporate sources into meals drinks that rely slow fermentation. well for its anti-inflammatory properties range system-related properties. As an agonist GPR41, GPR43, GPR109A, may these receptors’ signaling pathways. serves as epigenetic regulator, responding environmental pharmacological changes inhibiting HDAC, up-regulating miR-7a-5p, promoting histone butyrylation autophagy processes. This review discusses importance regulating immunological inflammatory response. It addresses experimental models studies investigating therapeutic potential supplementation immune-related conditions linked depletion. Specifically, covers role some diseases such lupus erythematosus, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, immunodeficiency virus, cancer, several special conditions.

Language: Английский

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Skin Ageing: A Progressive, Multi-Factorial Condition Demanding an Integrated, Multilayer-Targeted Remedy

Clinical Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 16, P. 1215 - 1229

Published: May 1, 2023

Abstract: Of the human organs, skin is most visible one that displays manifestations of ageing. It has a very intricate microanatomical structure and performs several key physiological functions. The pathophysiology cutaneous ageing characterized by deterioration structural stability functional integrity, implying continuous reduction in maximal function reserve capacity, as result accumulating damage due to both intrinsic extrinsic factors. Elimination unfavorable expressions associated with facial patient demand aesthetic dermatology. Even though progress been made nonsurgical therapies like fillers lasers, non-invasive interventions using care products designed for rejuvenation at an early stage are popular accessible solution among people. In this review, we have scrutinized ageing-associated changes molecular, cellular tissue levels. To optimize process towards healthy skin, propose integrated, multilayer-targeted intervention, which involves topical application anti-ageing formulations from outside oral supplementation inside. Additionally, promising naturally derived ingredients reviewed anti-aging perspective. Most them possess various bioactivities may contribute development mentioned remedy. Keywords: barrier, ageing, causative factors, remedy,

Language: Английский

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The causal relationship between gut microbiota and inflammatory dermatoses: a Mendelian randomization study

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Background Observational studies have shown that gut microbiota is closely associated with inflammatory dermatoses such as psoriasis, rosacea, and atopic dermatitis (AD). However, the causal relationship between dermatosis remains unclear. Methods Based on Maximum Likelihood (ML), MR-Egger regression, Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW), MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum Outlier (MR-PRESSO), Mode, Median Estimator (WME) methods, we performed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore dermatosis. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data of came from MiBioGen consortium, while GWAS (including AD, vitiligo, acne, eczema) FinnGen consortium IEU Open project. Cochran’s IVW Q test tested heterogeneity among instrumental variables (IVs). horizontal pleiotropy was by regression intercept MR-PRESSO analysis. Results Eventually, results indicated 5, 16, 17, 11, 15, 12 had significant effects eczema, respectively, including 42 protective 34 risk relationships. Especially, Lactobacilli Bifidobacteria at Family Genus Level, common probiotics, were identified factors for corresponding dermatoses. reverse suggested effect AD genus Eubacterium brachy group, vitiligo Ruminococcaceae UCG004. eczema unidirectional. There no these IVs. In conclusion, this 76 relationships microbiome six dermatoses, which may be helpful clinical prevention treatment

Language: Английский

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The microbiome: an integral player in immune homeostasis and inflammation in the respiratory tract

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 104(2), P. 835 - 879

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

The last decade of microbiome research has highlighted its fundamental role in systemic immune and metabolic homeostasis. plays a prominent during gestation into early life, when maternal lifestyle factors shape development the newborn. Breast milk further shapes gut colonization, supporting tolerance to commensal bacteria harmless antigens while preventing outgrowth pathogens. Environmental microbial that disrupt this process can dysregulate homeostasis, predisposing infants atopic disease childhood asthma. In health, low-biomass lung microbiome, together with inhaled environmental constituents, establishes immunological set point is necessary maintain pulmonary defense. However, perturbations physiological processes allow upper respiratory tract act as reservoir pathogenic bacteria, which colonize diseased cause severe inflammation. Studying these host-microbe interactions diseases holds great promise stratify patients for suitable treatment regimens biomarker discovery predict progression. Preclinical studies show microbes are constant flux cell division death, releasing by-products, vesicles system protect against diseases. next major advances may come from testing utilizing clinical benefit exploiting predictive power by employing multiomics analysis approaches.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin improves skin barrier damage caused by sleep restriction through gut microbiota

Journal of Pineal Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 75(1)

Published: April 14, 2023

It is widely known that lack of sleep damages the skin. Therefore, it necessary to explore relationship between deprivation and skin damage find effective treatments. We established a 28-day restriction (SR) mice model simulating continuous long-term loss. found SR would barrier function mice's skin, cause oxidative stress weaken oscillations skin's biological clock, make circadian rhythm Bacteroides disappear. The short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) receptors in was disordered. After melatonin supplementation, caused by improved, clock were enhanced, restored, receptor GPR43 propionic acid restored. speculated improving effect may be mediated produced gut microbiota. verified vitro could improve keratinocytes damage. then consumed microbiota through antibiotics oral not Moreover, supplementing with Our research showed impaired function. Oral restoring its metabolite.

Language: Английский

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