Sleep disturbance and psychiatric disorders

The Lancet Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7(7), P. 628 - 637

Published: June 18, 2020

Language: Английский

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Sleep disturbances among medical workers during the outbreak of COVID-2019

Occupational Medicine, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 70(5), P. 364 - 369

Published: April 21, 2020

Abstract Background The outbreak of Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) has posed unprecedented pressure and threats to healthcare workers in Wuhan the entire country. Aims To assess effect COVID-19 on sleep quality a children’s centre Wuhan. Methods A cross-sectional, anonymized, self-reported questionnaire survey was conducted at Children’s Healthcare Centre Renmin Hospital, University, Wuhan, China. consisted three parts, including socio-demographic characteristics epidemic-related factors, Pittsburgh index (PSQI), Zung’s self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) depression (SDS). Results In total, 47 out 123 (38%) participants with PSQI scores > 7 were identified as having disturbance. logistic regression analysis showed that disturbance independently associated being an only child (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.40 (1.21–9.57), P < 0.05), exposure patients OR CI 2.97 (1.08–8.18), 0.05) 2.83 (1.10–7.27), 0.05). Conclusions We observed that, during COVID-19, highly prevalent among paediatric workers, child, depression. Therefore, more mental health services are required for front-line

Language: Английский

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Insomnia disorder: State of the science and challenges for the future

Journal of Sleep Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(4)

Published: April 22, 2022

Summary Insomnia disorder comprises symptoms during night and day that strongly affect quality of life wellbeing. Prolonged sleep latency, difficulties to maintain early morning wakening characterize complaints, whereas fatigue, reduced attention, impaired cognitive functioning, irritability, anxiety low mood are key daytime impairments. is well acknowledged in all relevant diagnostic systems: Diagnostic Statistical Manual the American Psychiatric Association, 5th revision, International Classification Sleep Disorders, 3rd version, Diseases, 11th revision. as a chronic condition frequent (up 10% adult population, with preponderance females), signifies an important independent risk factor for physical and, especially, mental health. diagnosis primarily rests on self‐report. Objective measures like actigraphy or polysomnography not (yet) part routine canon, but play role research. Disease concepts insomnia range from cognitive‐behavioural models (epi‐) genetics psychoneurobiological approaches. The latter derived knowledge about basic sleep–wake regulation encompass theories rapid eye movement instability/restless sleep. Cognitive‐behavioural led conceptualization therapy insomnia, which now considered first‐line treatment worldwide. Future research strategies will include combination experimental paradigms neuroimaging may benefit more attention dysfunctional overnight alleviation distress insomnia. With respect therapy, merits widespread implementation, digital assist delivery along guidelines. However, given still considerable proportion patients responding insufficiently fundamental studies highly necessary better understand brain behavioural mechanisms underlying Mediators moderators response/non‐response associated development tailored novel interventions also require investigation. Recent suggest prove add significantly preventive strategy combat global burden disorders.

Language: Английский

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of poor sleep, insomnia symptoms and stress in undergraduate students

Sleep Medicine Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 61, P. 101565 - 101565

Published: Nov. 2, 2021

Language: Английский

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Sleep, insomnia and mental health

Journal of Sleep Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(4)

Published: May 4, 2022

Summary While sleep serves important regulatory functions for mental health, disturbances, in particular insomnia, may favour a state of allostatic overload impairing brain neuroplasticity and stress immune pathways, hence contributing to disorders. In this framework, the aim work was link current understanding about insomnia mechanisms with knowledge health dysregulatory mechanisms. The focus present on mood, anxiety, psychotic disorders, which represent challenges clinical practice. Literature searches were conducted clinical, neurobiological, therapeutic implications comorbid these Given complexity heterogeneity existing literature, we ended up narrative review. Insomnia play an role as risk factor, condition transdiagnostic symptom many disorders including mood/anxiety schizophrenia. also marker disrupted dysregulation different neurobiological involved conditions. treatment not only foster normal processes but system, neuroinflammation plasticity. preventive neuroprotective cognitive behavioural therapy being new evidence efficacy psychopathology, indices neuroplasticity. On other hand, pharmacological pathways conditions are still well defined. Therapeutic options acting melatonergic systems orexinergic represents interesting interventions that open windows

Language: Английский

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Diagnosis of central disorders of hypersomnolence: A reappraisal by European experts

Sleep Medicine Reviews, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 52, P. 101306 - 101306

Published: March 24, 2020

The aim of this European initiative is to facilitate a structured discussion improve the next edition International Classification Sleep Disorders (ICSD), particularly chapter on central disorders hypersomnolence. ultimate goal for sleep classification be based underlying neurobiological causes with clear implication treatment or, ideally, prevention and or healing. current ICSD classification, published in 2014, inevitably has important shortcomings, largely reflecting lack knowledge about precise mechanisms majority we currently delineate. Despite rationale present structure, there remain limitations that make it difficult apply routine clinical practice. Moreover, are indications structure may even prevent us from gaining relevant new better understand certain their causes. We suggest creation consistent, complaint driven, hierarchical hypersomnolence; containing levels certainty, giving diagnostic tests, MSLT, weighting its specificity sensitivity context. propose define three categories (with certainty): 1/"Narcolepsy" 2/"Idiopathic hypersomnia", 3/"Idiopathic excessive sleepiness" subtypes).

Language: Английский

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Brain–phenotype models fail for individuals who defy sample stereotypes

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 609(7925), P. 109 - 118

Published: Aug. 24, 2022

Abstract Individual differences in brain functional organization track a range of traits, symptoms and behaviours 1–12 . So far, work modelling linear brain–phenotype relationships has assumed that single such relationship generalizes across all individuals, but models do not equally well participants 13,14 A better understanding whom fail why is crucial to revealing robust, useful unbiased relationships. To this end, here we related activity phenotype using predictive models—trained tested on independent data ensure generalizability 15 —and examined model failure. We applied data-driven approach neurocognitive measures new, clinically demographically heterogeneous dataset, with the results replicated two independent, publicly available datasets 16,17 Across three datasets, find reflect unitary cognitive constructs, rather scores intertwined sociodemographic clinical covariates; is, stereotypical profiles, when individuals who defy them. Model failure reliable, specific generalizable datasets. Together, these highlight pitfalls one-size-fits-all effect biased phenotypic 18–20 interpretation utility resulting models. present framework address issues so may reveal neural circuits underlie phenotypes ultimately identify individualized targets for intervention.

Language: Английский

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Insomnia—A risk factor for mental disorders

Journal of Sleep Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(6)

Published: May 22, 2023

Summary Longitudinal studies observed that individuals suffering from insomnia disorder have a higher vulnerability to develop symptoms of psychopathology compared with good sleepers. Particularly, has been associated an increased risk for depression. Previous indicate relatively stable effects; however, replication is needed as the last meta‐analysis on topic published 4 years ago. We conducted previous systematic review and evaluating longitudinal association between psychopathology, including original works 2018 2022. Literature search was April August 2022 using key words identifying evaluate sleepers at baseline, onset all possible mental disorders long‐term follow‐up. Only one work added sample in 2019 looking Meta‐analytic results confirmed observation, even effect link This again recognizes transdiagnostic process consequent important clinical implications. Nevertheless, more are disorders.

Language: Английский

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Bidirectional relationship between sleep and depression

Neuroscience Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2023

Patients with depression almost inevitably exhibit abnormalities in sleep, such as shortened latency to enter rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and decrease electroencephalogram delta power during non-REM sleep. Insufficient can be stressful, the accumulation of stress leads deterioration mental health contributes development psychiatric disorders. Thus, it is likely that are bidirectionally related, i.e. disturbances vice versa. However, relation between seems complicated. For example, acute deprivation paradoxically improve depressive symptoms. difficult conclude whether has beneficial or harmful effects patients depression. How antidepressants affect might provide clues understanding but caution required considering have diverse other than Recent animal studies support bidirectional models expected for identification neuronal circuits connect stress, This review provides a comprehensive overview regarding current knowledge relationship

Language: Английский

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Mendelian randomization: causal inference leveraging genetic data

Psychological Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 54(8), P. 1461 - 1474

Published: April 19, 2024

Mendelian randomization (MR) leverages genetic information to examine the causal relationship between phenotypes allowing for presence of unmeasured confounders. MR has been widely applied unresolved questions in epidemiology, making use summary statistics from genome-wide association studies on an increasing number human traits. However, understanding essential concepts is necessary appropriate application and interpretation MR. This review aims provide a non-technical overview demonstrate its relevance psychiatric research. We begin with origins reasons recent expansion, followed by statistical methodology. then describe limitations MR, how these are being addressed methodological advances. showcase practical psychiatry through three illustrative examples - connection cannabis psychosis, link intelligence schizophrenia, search modifiable risk factors depression. The concludes discussion prospects focusing integration multi-omics data extension delineating complex networks.

Language: Английский

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