The role of prefrontal cortex in cognitive control and executive function

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 47(1), P. 72 - 89

Published: Aug. 18, 2021

Concepts of cognitive control (CC) and executive function (EF) are defined in terms their relationships with goal-directed behavior versus habits controlled automatic processing, related to the functions prefrontal cortex (PFC) regions networks. A psychometric approach shows unity diversity CC constructs, 3 components most commonly studied constructs: general or common specific mental set shifting working memory updating. These constructs considered against cellular systems neurobiology PFC what is known its functional neuroanatomical network organization based on lesioning, neurochemical, neuroimaging approaches across species. also context motivation, as "cool" "hot" forms. Its Common component shown be distinct from intelligence (g) closely response inhibition. Impairments possible causes psychiatric symptoms consequences disorders. The factor psychopathology (p) dimensional such impulsivity large scale developmental adult populations considered, well implications for genetic studies RDoC classification.

Language: Английский

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Goal-directed learning in adolescence: neurocognitive development and contextual influences

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 176 - 194

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Filling the gaps: Cognitive control as a critical lens for understanding mechanisms of value-based decision-making

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 134, P. 104483 - 104483

Published: Dec. 10, 2021

Language: Английский

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The thalamus in psychosis spectrum disorder

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: April 13, 2023

Psychosis spectrum disorder (PSD) affects 1% of the world population and results in a lifetime chronic disability, causing devastating personal economic consequences. Developing new treatments for PSD remains challenge, particularly those that target its core cognitive deficits. A key barrier to progress is tenuous link between basic neurobiological understanding clinical phenomenology. In this perspective, we focus on opportunity combines innovations non-invasive human neuroimaging with insights into thalamic regulation functional cortical connectivity. The thalamus an evolutionary conserved region forms forebrain-wide loops critical transmission external inputs as well construction update internal models. We discuss our perspective across four lines evidence: First, articulate how symptomatology may arise from faulty network organization at macroscopic circuit level playing central coordinating role. Second, recent animal work has mechanistically clarified properties circuits relevant regulating dynamics function more generally. Third, present evidence support alterations PSD, propose similar "thalamocortical dysconnectivity" seen pharmacological imaging (under ketamine, LSD THC) healthy individuals phenotype common set symptoms idiopathic drug-induced psychosis. Lastly, synthesize work, lay out translational path biomarker therapeutic development.

Language: Английский

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Exploring affiliate marketing's impact on customers' brand engagement and vulnerability in the online banking service sector

International Journal of Bank Marketing, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 42(6), P. 1282 - 1312

Published: April 8, 2023

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact affiliate marketing strategies as a tool for increasing customers' engagement and vulnerability over financial services. This attempted by examining connection between factors brand metrics. Design/methodology/approach authors developed three-staged methodological context, based on 7 most known centralized payment network (CPN) firms' website analytical data, which begins with linear regression analysis, followed hybrid modeling (agent-based dynamic models), so simulate factors' variation in 180-day period. deployed context ends applying cognitive method producing heatmaps facial analysis CPN websites selected 47 vulnerable customers, gathering more insights into their engagement. Findings Throughout simulation results study, it becomes clear that higher number backlinks referral domains tend increase brand-engaged customers. Research limitations/implications From process, implication enhance has been highlighted. A customers could mean categories would be impacted CPNs' marketing. Improving those knowledge services utility utmost importance. Practical implications outcomes research indicate online banking service providers can brands adopting techniques. To avoid vulnerability, marketers should aim apply relevant provided Originality/value paper's provide new approach literature, where customer's comes out valuable metric estimating sector vulnerability.

Language: Английский

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Beyond Drift Diffusion Models: Fitting a Broad Class of Decision and Reinforcement Learning Models with HDDM

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(10), P. 1780 - 1805

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Abstract Computational modeling has become a central aspect of research in the cognitive neurosciences. As field matures, it is increasingly important to move beyond standard models quantitatively assess with richer dynamics that may better reflect underlying and neural processes. For example, sequential sampling (SSMs) are general class decision-making intended capture processes jointly giving rise RT distributions choice data n-alternative paradigms. A number model variations theoretical interest, but empirical analysis historically been tied small subset for which likelihood functions analytically tractable. Advances methods designed likelihood-free inference have recently made computationally feasible consider much larger spectrum SSMs. In addition, recent work motivated combination SSMs reinforcement learning models, had considered separate literatures. Here, we provide significant addition widely used HDDM Python toolbox include tutorial how users can easily fit (user-extensible) wide variety they be combined models. The extension comes batteries included, including visualization tools, posterior predictive checks, ability link trial-wise signals parameters via hierarchical Bayesian regression.

Language: Английский

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Computational modeling of animal behavior in T-mazes: Insights from machine learning

Ecological Informatics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 81, P. 102639 - 102639

Published: May 11, 2024

This study investigates the intricacies of animal decision-making in T-maze environments through a synergistic approach combining computational modeling and machine learning techniques. Focusing on binary process T-mazes, we examine how animals navigate choices between two paths. Our research employs mathematical model tailored to behavior fish, offering analytical insights into their complex behavioral patterns. To complement this, apply advanced algorithms, specifically Support Vector Machines (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), hybrid involving Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction followed by SVM classification analyze data from zebrafish rats. The above techniques result high predictive accuracies, approximately 98.07% 98.15% rats, underscoring efficacy methods decoding controlled experiments. not only deepens our understanding cognitive processes but also showcases pivotal role elucidating dynamics science.

Language: Английский

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Beyond discrete-choice options

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 28(9), P. 857 - 870

Published: Aug. 12, 2024

While decision theories have evolved over the past five decades, their focus has largely been on choices among a limited number of discrete options, even though many real-world situations continuous-option space. Recently, attempted to address decisions with spaces, and several computational models proposed within sequential sampling framework explain how we make in This article aims review main attempts understand give an overview applications these types decisions, present puzzles be addressed by future developments.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of adjustments to different types of uncertainty in the reward environment across mice and monkeys

Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 600 - 619

Published: Feb. 23, 2023

Despite being unpredictable and uncertain, reward environments often exhibit certain regularities, animals navigating these try to detect utilize such regularities adapt their behavior. However, successful learning requires that also adjust uncertainty associated with those regularities. Here, we analyzed choice data from two comparable dynamic foraging tasks in mice monkeys investigate mechanisms underlying adjustments different types of uncertainty. In tasks, selected between options delivered probabilistically, while baseline probabilities changed after a variable number (block) trials without any cues the animals. To measure behavior, applied multiple metrics based on information theory quantify consistency fit using reinforcement models. We found both species, were affected by about outcomes (in terms determining better option) expectation when environment may change. effects mediated through mechanisms. First, more option resulted slower forgetting mice, whereas it had no significant effect monkeys. Second, block switches accompanied learning, faster forgetting, increased stochasticity only reduced rates Overall, demonstrating usefulness examining adaptive our study provides evidence for behavior according environment.

Language: Английский

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Management accounting system: Insights from the decision making theories

Social Sciences & Humanities Open, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 100529 - 100529

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Management accounting system (MAS) improves business growth through quality decision making process, but scholars have mixed views about MAS and constantly debate its efficacy. Drawing on the decision-making theories, current research deviates from debates adopts a 'think-outside-the-box' approach, aiming to advance knowledge of MAS's Research data are gathered literatures cognate studies. Following findings, we identify new pre-factor (thinking style) incorporate it into MAS. Specifically, makers' cognitive process is found affect design implementation MAS, as rational thinking style, administrative political style may efficacy differently. findings brought valuable insights literatures, by highlighting strength weakness different styles in designing management system. Moreover, makers, such organizational leaders managers, encouraged monitor their styles: that is, with better understanding styles, makers can utilize rectify style-driven deficits time.

Language: Английский

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