Targeting Regulatory Noncoding RNAs in Human Cancer: The State of the Art in Clinical Trials DOI Creative Commons
Roberto Piergentili, Stefano Sechi

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 471 - 471

Published: April 4, 2025

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a heterogeneous group of RNA molecules whose classification is mainly based on arbitrary criteria such as the molecule length, secondary structures, and cellular functions. A large fraction these ncRNAs play regulatory role regarding messenger (mRNAs) or other ncRNAs, creating an intracellular network cross-interactions that allow fine complex regulation gene expression. Altering balance between interactions may be sufficient to cause transition from health disease vice versa. This leads possibility intervening in mechanisms re-establish patients. The associated with all cancer hallmarks, proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, genomic instability. Based function performed carcinogenesis, behave either oncogenes tumor suppressors. However, this distinction not rigid; some can fall into both classes depending tissue considered target molecule. Furthermore, them also involved regulating response traditional cancer-therapeutic approaches. In general, molecular by very still largely unclear, but it has enormous potential for development new therapies, especially cases where methods fail, their use novel more efficient biomarkers. Overall, review will provide brief overview human biology, specific focus describing most recent ongoing clinical trials (CT) which have been tested therapeutic agents evaluated

Language: Английский

Mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibitors: insights into the regulation of circular RNAS involved in cancer hallmarks DOI Creative Commons
Lingjiao Meng,

Haotian Wu,

Jiaxiang Wu

et al.

Cell Death and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Abstract Current treatment strategies for cancer, especially advanced are limited and unsatisfactory. One of the most substantial advances in cancer therapy, last decades, was discovery a new layer immunotherapy approach, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which can specifically activate cells by targeting checkpoints. Immune checkpoints type immunosuppressive molecules expressed on cells, regulate degree activation avoid autoimmune responses. ICIs, such as anti-PD-1/PD-L1 drugs, has shown inspiring efficacy broad applicability across various cancers. Unfortunately, not all patients benefit remarkably from overall response rates to ICIs remain relatively low types. Moreover, primary acquired resistance pose serious challenges clinical application immunotherapy. Thus, deeper understanding molecular biological properties regulatory mechanisms is urgently needed improve options fo r current therapies. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have attracted increasing attention, only due their involvement aspects hallmarks, but also impact shaping tumor microenvironment. In this review, we systematically summarize status existing roles circRNAs Meanwhile, aim settle issue an evidence-oriented manner that involved hallmarks effects

Language: Английский

Citations

59
Non-coding RNAs regulating mitochondrial function in cardiovascular diseases DOI
Xiang Ao, Wei Ding, Xiaoge Li

et al.

Journal of Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 101(5), P. 501 - 526

Published: April 4, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

52
New insight into circRNAs: characterization, strategies, and biomedical applications DOI Creative Commons

Xin-Yi Feng,

Shun-Xin Zhu,

Ke‐Jia Pu

et al.

Experimental Hematology and Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Oct. 12, 2023

Abstract Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of covalently closed, endogenous ncRNAs. Most circRNAs derived from exonic or intronic sequences by precursor RNA back-splicing. Advanced high-throughput sequencing and experimental technologies have enabled the extensive identification characterization circRNAs, such as novel types biogenesis, tissue-specific cell-specific expression patterns, epigenetic regulation, translation potential, localization metabolism. Increasing evidence has revealed that participate in diverse cellular processes, their dysregulation is involved pathogenesis various diseases, particularly cancer. In this review, we systematically discuss databases, challenges for circRNA discovery, new insight into strategies used studies biomedical applications. Although recent advanced understanding knowledge approaches annotation, functional applications continuously needed to provide insights circRNAs. The emergence circRNA-based protein strategy will be promising direction field biomedicine.

Language: Английский

Citations

50
Revitalizing Ancient Mitochondria with Nano‐Strategies: Mitochondria‐Remedying Nanodrugs Concentrate on Disease Control DOI

Xingyu Long,

Min Liu,

Yayun Nan

et al.

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(18)

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

Abstract Mitochondria, widely known as the energy factories of eukaryotic cells, have a myriad vital functions across diverse cellular processes. Dysfunctions within mitochondria serve catalysts for various diseases, prompting widespread demise. Mounting research on remedying damaged indicates that constitute valuable target therapeutic intervention against diseases. But less clinical practice and lower recovery rate imply limitation traditional drugs, which need further breakthrough. Nanotechnology has approached favorable regiospecific biodistribution high efficacy by capitalizing excellent nanomaterials targeting drug delivery. Mitochondria‐remedying nanodrugs achieved ideal effects. This review elucidates significance in cells organs, while also compiling mortality data related Correspondingly, nanodrug‐mediate strategies applicable mitochondria‐remedying disease are detailed, with full understanding roles dysfunction advantages nanodrugs. In addition, future challenges directions discussed. conclusion, this provides comprehensive insights into design development nanodrugs, aiming to help scientists who desire extend their fields engage interdisciplinary subject.

Language: Английский

Citations

29
Mitochondrial-Oriented Injectable Hydrogel Microspheres Maintain Homeostasis of Chondrocyte Metabolism to Promote Subcellular Therapy in Osteoarthritis DOI Creative Commons
Li Chen,

Jianye Yang,

Zhengwei Cai

et al.

Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Subcellular mitochondria serve as sensors for energy metabolism and redox balance, the dynamic regulation of functional dysfunctional plays a crucial role in determining cells' fate. Selective removal at subcellular level can provide chondrocytes with to prevent degeneration, thereby treating osteoarthritis. Herein, achieve an ideal therapy, cartilage affinity peptide (WYRGRL)-decorated liposomes loaded mitophagy activator (urolithin A) were integrated into hyaluronic acid methacrylate hydrogel microspheres through microfluidic technology, named HM@WY-Lip/UA, that could efficiently target selectively remove mitochondria. As result, this system demonstrated advantage function restoration, reactive oxygen species scavenging, cell survival rescue, chondrocyte homeostasis maintenance increasing mitophagy. In rat post-traumatic osteoarthritis model, intra-articular injection HM@WY-Lip/UA ameliorated matrix degradation, osteophyte formation, subchondral bone sclerosis 8 weeks. Overall, study indicated provided protective effect on degeneration efficacious clinically relevant manner, mitochondrial-oriented strategy has great potential therapy

Language: Английский

Citations

25
Emerging functions of mitochondria-encoded noncoding RNAs DOI Creative Commons

Bingbing Ren,

Min‐Xin Guan, Tianhua Zhou

et al.

Trends in Genetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 39(2), P. 125 - 139

Published: Sept. 19, 2022

Mitochondria, organelles that harbor their own circular genomes, are critical for energy production and homeostasis maintenance in eukaryotic cells. Recent studies discovered hundreds of mitochondria-encoded noncoding RNAs (mt-ncRNAs), including novel subtypes (mecciRNAs) double-stranded (mt-dsRNAs). Here, we discuss the emerging field mt-ncRNAs by reviewing expression patterns, biogenesis, metabolism, regulatory roles, functional mechanisms. Many have roles cellular physiology, some associated with, or even act as, causal factors human diseases. We also highlight developments technologies methodologies further insights into future perspectives challenges studying these RNAs, as well potential biomedical applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

41
CircRNA MBOAT2 promotes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression and lipid metabolism reprogramming by stabilizing PTBP1 to facilitate FASN mRNA cytoplasmic export DOI Creative Commons
Xiaopeng Yu,

Huanjun Tong,

Jialu Chen

et al.

Cell Death and Disease, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

Abstract The carcinogenic role of FASN by regulating lipid metabolism reprogramming has been well-established in multiple tumors. However, whether mechanisms during intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) progression, such as circRNAs, regulate expression remains unknown. Here we demonstrate a metabolism-related circRNA, circMBOAT2 (hsa_circ_0007334 circBase), frequently upregulated ICC tissues, and positively correlated with malignant features. CircMBOAT2 knockdown inhibits the growth metastasis cells. Mechanistically, combines PTBP1 protects from ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent degradation, impairing function to transfer mRNA nucleus cytoplasm. Moreover, have same effect on fatty acid profile, unsaturated acids instead saturated are primarily regulated associated behaviors levels peroxidation ROS were significantly higher when was knocked down recovered overexpressed. Our results identified that promoted progression stabilizing facilitate cytoplasmic export, which altered metabolic profile redox homeostasis ICC, suggesting may serve an available therapeutic target for active metabolism.

Language: Английский

Citations

36
Optimal design of synthetic circular RNAs DOI Creative Commons

Seowon Choi,

Jin‐Wu Nam

Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(6), P. 1281 - 1292

Published: June 14, 2024

Abstract Circular RNAs are an unusual class of single-stranded whose ends covalently linked via back-splicing. Due to their versatility, the need express circular in vivo and vitro has increased. Efforts have been made efficiently precisely synthesize RNAs. However, a review on optimization processes RNA design, synthesis, delivery is lacking. Our highlights multifaceted aspects considered when producing optimal summarizes available options for each step exogenous design including circularization strategies. Additionally, this describes several potential applications

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Isobavachin attenuates osteoclastogenesis and periodontitis-induced bone loss by inhibiting cellular iron accumulation and mitochondrial biogenesis DOI

Ting Li,

Yangge Du, Hantao Yao

et al.

Biochemical Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 224, P. 116202 - 116202

Published: April 12, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

7
The Roles of CircRNAs in Mitochondria DOI Creative Commons
Donghong Liu, Xinyu Zhou,

Yida He

et al.

Journal of Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(9), P. 2759 - 2769

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Mitochondria participate in varieties of cellular events.It is widely accepted that human mitochondrial genome encodes 13 proteins, 2 rRNAs, and 22 tRNAs.Gene variation derived from nuclear cannot completely explain diseases.The advent high-throughput sequencing coupled with novel bioinformatic analyses decode the complexity mitochondria-derived transcripts.Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) both have been found to be located at mitochondria.Studies about roles molecular mechanisms underlying trafficking nucleus encoded circRNAs mitochondria or cytoplasm mammals are only beginning emerge.These associated a variety diseases, especially cancers.Here, we discuss emerging field mitochondria-located by reviewing their identification, expression patterns, regulatory roles, functional mechanisms.Mitochondria-located physiology pathology.We also highlight future perspectives challenges studying circRNAs, as well potential biomedical applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

6