Clinical applications of stem cell-derived exosomes

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

Abstract Although stem cell-based therapy has demonstrated considerable potential to manage certain diseases more successfully than conventional surgery, it nevertheless comes with inescapable drawbacks that might limit its clinical translation. Compared cells, cell-derived exosomes possess numerous advantages, such as non-immunogenicity, non-infusion toxicity, easy access, effortless preservation, and freedom from tumorigenic ethical issues. Exosomes can inherit similar therapeutic effects their parental cells embryonic adult through vertical delivery of pluripotency or multipotency. After a thorough search meticulous dissection relevant literature the last five years, we present this comprehensive, up-to-date, specialty-specific disease-oriented review highlight surgical application exosomes. derived (e.g., embryonic, induced pluripotent, hematopoietic, mesenchymal, neural, endothelial cells) are capable treating encountered in orthopedic neurosurgery, plastic general cardiothoracic urology, head neck ophthalmology, obstetrics gynecology. The diverse cells-derived hierarchical translation tissue-specific responses, cell-specific molecular signaling pathways. In review, viable potent alternative managing various conditions. We recommend future research combines wisdoms surgeons, nanomedicine practitioners, cell researchers intriguing area.

Language: Английский

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Stem cell-derived exosomes: emerging therapeutic opportunities for wound healing

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 26, 2023

Abstract Wound healing is a dynamic and highly sequential process involving series of overlapping spatial temporal phases, including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, tissue remodeling. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent with self-renewal, multidirectional differentiation potential, paracrine regulation. Exosomes subcellular vesicular components 30–150 nm in size novel carriers intercellular communication regulating the biological behaviors skin cells. Compared to MSCs, MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exos) possess lower immunogenicity, easy storage, effective activity. MSC-exos, mainly derived from adipose-derived (ADSCs), bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs), human umbilical cord (hUC-MSCs), other cell types, play role shaping activity fibroblasts, keratinocytes, immune cells, endothelial diabetic wounds, inflammatory wound repair, even wound-related keloid formation. Therefore, this study focuses on specific roles mechanisms different MSC-exos healing, as well current limitations various perspectives. Deciphering properties crucial providing promising cell-free therapeutic tool for cutaneous regeneration. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Harnessing the potential of hydrogels for advanced therapeutic applications: current achievements and future directions

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: July 1, 2024

The applications of hydrogels have expanded significantly due to their versatile, highly tunable properties and breakthroughs in biomaterial technologies. In this review, we cover the major achievements potential therapeutic applications, focusing primarily on two areas: emerging cell-based therapies promising non-cell modalities. Within context cell therapy, discuss capacity overcome existing translational challenges faced by mainstream therapy paradigms, provide a detailed discussion advantages principal design considerations for boosting efficacy as well list specific examples different disease scenarios. We then explore drug delivery, physical intervention therapies, other areas (e.g., bioadhesives, artificial tissues, biosensors), emphasizing utility beyond mere delivery vehicles. Additionally, complement our latest progress clinical application outline future research directions, particularly terms integration with advanced biomanufacturing This review aims present comprehensive view critical insights into selection both tailored meet requirements diverse diseases situations.

Language: Английский

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Biomaterials for in situ cell therapy

BMEMat, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 1(3)

Published: July 19, 2023

Abstract Cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of various diseases, such as cancers, genetic disorders, and autoimmune diseases. Currently, most cell products rely on ex vivo engineering, which requires sophisticated manufacturing processes poses safety concerns. The implementation in situ holds potential to overcome current limitations provides a broad range applications clinical feasibility future. A variety biomaterials have been developed improve function target delivery specific types due their excellent biocompatibility, tunable properties, other functionalities, provide reliable method achieve modulation reprogramming. In this article, we summarize recent advances for including T cells, macrophages, dendritic stem cells reprogramming leveraging lipid nanoparticles, polymers, inorganic materials, biomaterials. Finally, discuss challenges future perspectives therapy.

Language: Английский

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Endothelial dysfunction in vascular complications of diabetes: a comprehensive review of mechanisms and implications

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 5, 2024

Diabetic vascular complications are prevalent and severe among diabetic patients, profoundly affecting both their quality of life long-term prospects. These can be classified into macrovascular microvascular complications. Under the impact risk factors such as elevated blood glucose, pressure, cholesterol lipids, endothelium undergoes endothelial dysfunction, characterized by increased inflammation oxidative stress, decreased NO biosynthesis, endothelial-mesenchymal transition, senescence, even cell death. processes will ultimately lead to diseases, with diseases mainly atherosclerosis (AS) thickening basement membrane. It further indicates a primary contributor morbidity mortality observed in individuals diabetes. In this review, we delve intricate mechanisms that drive dysfunction during diabetes progression its associated Furthermore, outline various pharmacotherapies targeting hope accelerating effective therapeutic drug discovery for early control

Language: Английский

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Biomimetic Nano-Drug Delivery System: An Emerging Platform for Promoting Tumor Treatment

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 19, P. 571 - 608

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract: With the development of nanotechnology, nanoparticles (NPs) have shown broad prospects as drug delivery vehicles. However, they exhibit certain limitations, including low biocompatibility, poor physiological stability, rapid clearance from body, and nonspecific targeting, which hampered their clinical application. Therefore, novel systems with improved biocompatibility high target specificity remains a major challenge. In recent years, biofilm mediated biomimetic nano-drug system (BNDDS) has become research hotspot focus in field life sciences. This new platform uses bio-nanotechnology to encapsulate synthetic NPswithin membrane, organically integrating immunogenicity, toxicity, tumor good adjustability versatility nanocarrier, shows promising applications precision therapy. this review, we systematically summarize progress BNDDS used for optimizing delivery, providing theoretical reference designing safe efficient treatment strategies improve outcomes. Keywords: nanoparticles, cell targeted therapy

Language: Английский

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Translational potential of mesenchymal stem cells in regenerative therapies for human diseases: challenges and opportunities

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

Advances in stem cell technology offer new possibilities for patients with untreated diseases and disorders. Stem cell-based therapy, which includes multipotent mesenchymal cells (MSCs), has recently become important regenerative therapies. MSCs are progenitor that possess the ability to undergo vitro self-renewal differentiate into various lineages. have demonstrated promise several areas, such as tissue regeneration, immunological modulation, anti-inflammatory qualities, wound healing. Additionally, development of specific guidelines quality control methods ultimately result therapeutic application been made easier by recent advancements study MSC biology. This review discusses latest clinical uses obtained from umbilical cord (UC), bone marrow (BM), or adipose (AT) treating human pulmonary dysfunctions, neurological disorders, endocrine/metabolic diseases, skin burns, cardiovascular conditions, reproductive this offers comprehensive information regarding targeted therapies utilizing MSCs. It also presents examines concept origin its potential impact on function downstream applications. The ultimate aim research is facilitate translational applications

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic Applications of Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3562 - 3562

Published: March 21, 2024

Exosomes are extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin, ranging from 30 to 150 nm in diameter, that mediate intercellular transfer various biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and metabolites. They modulate the functions recipient cells participate diverse physiological pathological processes, immune responses, cell-cell communication, carcinogenesis, viral infection. Stem (SCs) pluripotent or multipotent can differentiate into cell types. SCs also secrete exosomes, which exhibit remarkable therapeutic potential for diseases, especially field regenerative medicine. For example, exosomes derived mesenchymal stem (MSCs) contain miRNAs ameliorate endocrine disorders, diabetes cancer. (sc-exos) may offer similar advantages SCs, but with reduced risks challenges. Sc-exos have lower tumorigenicity, immunogenicity, infectivity. deliver drugs more efficiently penetrate deeper tissues. In this review, we provide an overview recent advances sc-exos their applications We elucidate how biological effects depend on molecular composition. address current challenges future directions using sc-exos.

Language: Английский

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The Role and Prospects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Skin Repair and Regeneration

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 743 - 743

Published: March 27, 2024

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been recognized as a cell therapy with the potential to promote skin healing. MSCs, their multipotent differentiation ability, can generate various related wound healing, such dermal fibroblasts (DFs), endothelial cells, and keratinocytes. In addition, MSCs neovascularization, cellular regeneration, tissue healing through mechanisms including paracrine autocrine signaling. Due these characteristics, extensively studied in context of burn chronic repair. Furthermore, during investigation unique roles aging scarless also discovered. this review, we summarize by which discuss recent findings from preclinical clinical studies. We explore strategies enhance therapeutic effects MSCs. Moreover, emerging trend combining engineering techniques, leveraging advantages materials, biodegradable scaffolds hydrogels, repair capacity Additionally, highlight using characteristics cell-free therapies future direction cell-based treatments, further demonstrating regenerative aesthetic applications regeneration.

Language: Английский

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Programmable synthetic receptors: the next-generation of cell and gene therapies

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Abstract Cell and gene therapies hold tremendous promise for treating a range of difficult-to-treat diseases. However, concerns over the safety efficacy require to be further addressed in order realize their full potential. Synthetic receptors, synthetic biology tool that can precisely control function therapeutic cells genetic modules, have been rapidly developed applied as powerful solution. Delicately designed engineered, they finetune activities, i.e., regulate production dosed, bioactive payloads by sensing processing user-defined signals or biomarkers. This review provides an overview diverse receptor systems being used reprogram wide applications biomedical research. With special focus on four at forefront, including chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) Notch (synNotch) we address generalized strategies design, construct improve receptors. Meanwhile, also highlight expanding landscape well current challenges clinical translation.

Language: Английский

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