Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: Sept. 18, 2024
Breast
cancer
(BC)
is
a
significant
health
challenge,
ranking
as
the
second
leading
cause
of
cancer-related
death
and
primary
mortality
among
women
aged
45
to
55.
Early
detection
crucial
for
optimal
prognosis.
Among
various
treatment
options
available
cancer,
chemotherapy
remains
predominant
approach.
However,
its
patient-friendliness
hindered
by
cytotoxicity,
adverse
effects,
multi-drug
resistance,
potential
recurrence,
high
costs.
This
review
explores
extensively
studied
phytomolecules,
elucidating
their
molecular
mechanisms.
It
also
emphasizes
importance
combination
therapy,
highlighting
recent
advancements
in
exploration
diverse
drug
delivery
systems
novel
routes
administration.
The
regulatory
considerations
are
translating
these
approaches
into
clinical
practices.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8(1)
Published: Oct. 2, 2023
The
mammalian
target
of
rapamycin
(mTOR)
is
a
protein
kinase
that
controls
cellular
metabolism,
catabolism,
immune
responses,
autophagy,
survival,
proliferation,
and
migration,
to
maintain
homeostasis.
mTOR
signaling
cascade
consists
two
distinct
multi-subunit
complexes
named
complex
1/2
(mTORC1/2).
catalyzes
the
phosphorylation
several
critical
proteins
like
AKT,
C,
insulin
growth
factor
receptor
(IGF-1R),
4E
binding
1
(4E-BP1),
ribosomal
S6
(S6K),
transcription
EB
(TFEB),
sterol-responsive
element-binding
(SREBPs),
Lipin-1,
Unc-51-like
autophagy-activating
kinases.
plays
central
role
in
regulating
translation,
lipid
synthesis,
nucleotide
biogenesis
lysosomes,
nutrient
sensing,
signaling.
emerging
pieces
evidence
have
revealed
constitutive
activation
pathway
due
mutations/amplification/deletion
either
its
(mTORC1
mTORC2)
or
upstream
targets
responsible
for
aging,
neurological
diseases,
human
malignancies.
Here,
we
provide
detailed
structure
mTOR,
complexes,
comprehensive
regulators,
as
well
downstream
effectors
cascades
biomolecules,
autophagy.
Additionally,
summarize
potential
long
noncoding
RNAs
(lncRNAs)
an
important
modulator
Importantly,
highlighted
disorders,
cancers,
cancer
stem
cells,
drug
resistance.
discuss
developments
therapeutic
targeting
with
improved
anticancer
efficacy
benefit
patients
clinics.
Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: Oct. 13, 2023
Cancer-associated
fibroblasts
(CAFs)
are
a
heterogeneous
cell
population
that
plays
crucial
role
in
remodeling
the
tumor
microenvironment
(TME).
Here,
through
integrated
analysis
of
spatial
and
single-cell
transcriptomics
data
across
six
common
cancer
types,
we
identified
four
distinct
functional
subgroups
CAFs
described
their
distribution
characteristics.
Additionally,
RNA
sequencing
(scRNA-seq)
from
three
additional
types
two
newly
generated
scRNA-seq
datasets
rare
namely
epithelial-myoepithelial
carcinoma
(EMC)
mucoepidermoid
(MEC),
expanded
our
understanding
CAF
heterogeneity.
Cell-cell
interaction
conducted
within
context
highlighted
pivotal
roles
matrix
(mCAFs)
angiogenesis
inflammatory
(iCAFs)
shaping
immunosuppressive
microenvironment.
In
patients
with
breast
(BRCA)
undergoing
anti-PD-1
immunotherapy,
iCAFs
demonstrated
heightened
capacity
facilitating
proliferation,
promoting
epithelial-mesenchymal
transition
(EMT),
contributing
to
establishment
an
Furthermore,
scoring
system
based
on
showed
significant
correlation
immune
therapy
response
melanoma
patients.
Lastly,
provided
web
interface
(
https://chenxisd.shinyapps.io/pancaf/
)
for
research
community
investigate
pan-cancer.
Molecular Cancer,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: March 28, 2024
Abstract
Ovarian
cancer
is
the
leading
cause
of
gynecological
cancer-related
death.
Drug
resistance
bottleneck
in
ovarian
treatment.
The
increasing
use
novel
drugs
clinical
practice
poses
challenges
for
treatment
drug-resistant
cancer.
Continuing
to
classify
drug
according
type
without
understanding
underlying
mechanisms
unsuitable
current
practice.
We
reviewed
literature
regarding
various
and
found
that
main
are
as
follows:
abnormalities
transmembrane
transport,
alterations
DNA
damage
repair,
dysregulation
cancer-associated
signaling
pathways,
epigenetic
modifications.
methylation,
histone
modifications
noncoding
RNA
activity,
three
key
classes
modifications,
constitute
pivotal
resistance.
One
can
have
multiple
mechanisms.
Moreover,
common
chemotherapies
targeted
may
cross
(overlapping)
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs)
interfere
with
thus
regulate
abovementioned
pathways.
A
subclass
miRNAs,
“epi-miRNAs”,
modulate
regulators
impact
therapeutic
responses.
Thus,
we
also
regulatory
influence
miRNAs
on
summarized
recent
phase
I/II
trials
based
multitude
new
therapies
under
evaluation,
preliminary
results
encouraging.
This
review
provides
insight
into
classification
facilitate
successful
resistant
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: Aug. 2, 2024
Abstract
Metastasis
remains
a
pivotal
characteristic
of
cancer
and
is
the
primary
contributor
to
cancer-associated
mortality.
Despite
its
significance,
mechanisms
governing
metastasis
are
not
fully
elucidated.
Contemporary
findings
in
domain
biology
have
shed
light
on
molecular
aspects
this
intricate
process.
Tumor
cells
undergoing
invasion
engage
with
other
cellular
entities
proteins
en
route
their
destination.
Insights
into
these
engagements
enhanced
our
comprehension
principles
directing
movement
adaptability
metastatic
cells.
The
tumor
microenvironment
plays
role
facilitating
proliferation
by
enabling
navigate
through
stromal
barriers.
Such
attributes
influenced
genetic
epigenetic
changes
occurring
surrounding
milieu.
A
profound
understanding
process’s
biological
indispensable
for
devising
efficacious
therapeutic
strategies.
This
review
delves
recent
developments
concerning
metastasis-associated
genes,
important
signaling
pathways,
microenvironment,
metabolic
processes,
peripheral
immunity,
mechanical
forces
metastasis.
In
addition,
we
combine
advances
particular
emphasis
prospect
developing
effective
interventions
including
most
popular
immunotherapies
nanotechnology
combat
We
also
identified
limitations
current
research
metastasis,
encompassing
drug
resistance,
restricted
animal
models,
inadequate
biomarkers
early
detection
methods,
as
well
heterogeneity
among
others.
It
anticipated
that
comprehensive
will
significantly
contribute
advancement
research.
Cancer Letters,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
597, P. 217076 - 217076
Published: June 19, 2024
Understanding
of
the
metabolic
reprogramming
has
revolutionized
our
insights
into
tumor
progression
and
potential
treatment.
This
review
concentrates
on
aberrant
pathways
in
cancer
cells
within
microenvironment
(TME).
Cancer
differ
from
normal
their
processing
glucose,
amino
acids,
lipids
order
to
adapt
heightened
biosynthetic
energy
needs.
These
shifts,
which
crucially
alter
lactic
acid,
acid
lipid
metabolism,
affect
not
only
cell
proliferation
but
also
TME
dynamics.
explores
various
immune
TME.
From
a
therapeutic
standpoint,
targeting
these
alterations
represents
novel
treatment
strategy.
discusses
approaches
regulation
metabolism
different
nutrients
influencing
enhance
response.
In
summary,
this
summarizes
its
as
target
for
innovative
strategies,
offering
fresh
perspectives
MedComm,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
6(4)
Published: March 30, 2025
ABSTRACT
Signal
transducer
and
activator
of
transcription
3
(STAT3)
is
a
critical
factor
involved
in
multiple
physiological
pathological
processes.
While
STAT3
plays
an
essential
role
homeostasis,
its
persistent
activation
has
been
implicated
the
pathogenesis
various
diseases,
particularly
cancer,
bone‐related
autoimmune
disorders,
inflammatory
cardiovascular
neurodegenerative
conditions.
The
interleukin‐6/Janus
kinase
(JAK)/STAT3
signaling
axis
central
to
activation,
influencing
tumor
microenvironment
remodeling,
angiogenesis,
immune
evasion,
therapy
resistance.
Despite
extensive
research,
precise
mechanisms
underlying
dysregulated
disease
progression
remain
incompletely
understood,
no
United
States
Food
Drug
Administration
(USFDA)‐approved
direct
inhibitors
currently
exist.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
evaluation
STAT3's
health
disease,
emphasizing
involvement
cancer
stem
cell
maintenance,
metastasis,
inflammation,
drug
We
systematically
discuss
therapeutic
strategies,
including
JAK
(tofacitinib,
ruxolitinib),
Src
Homology
2
domain
(S3I‐201,
STATTIC),
antisense
oligonucleotides
(AZD9150),
nanomedicine‐based
delivery
systems,
which
enhance
specificity
bioavailability
while
reducing
toxicity.
By
integrating
molecular
mechanisms,
pathology,
emerging
interventions,
this
fills
knowledge
gap
STAT3‐targeted
therapy.
Our
insights
into
crosstalk,
epigenetic
regulation,
resistance
offer
foundation
for
developing
next‐generation
with
greater
clinical
efficacy
translational
potential.
Cancer and Metastasis Reviews,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
43(1), P. 293 - 319
Published: March 1, 2024
Metabolic
reprogramming,
a
hallmark
of
cancer,
allows
cancer
cells
to
adapt
their
specific
energy
needs.
The
Warburg
effect
benefits
in
both
hypoxic
and
normoxic
conditions
is
well-studied
reprogramming
metabolism
cancer.
Interestingly,
the
alteration
other
metabolic
pathways,
especially
lipid
has
also
grabbed
attention
scientists
worldwide.
Lipids,
primarily
consisting
fatty
acids,
phospholipids
cholesterol,
play
essential
roles
as
structural
component
cell
membrane,
signalling
molecule
reserves.
This
involves
aberrations
uptake,
synthesis
breakdown
lipids,
thereby
contributing
survival,
proliferation,
invasion,
migration
metastasis
cells.
development
resistance
existing
treatment
modalities
poses
major
challenge
field
therapy.
Also,
plasticity
tumor
was
reported
be
factor
for
resistance.
A
number
studies
implicated
that
dysregulated
contributes
associated
drug
Therefore,
it
important
understand
intricate
In
this
review,
we
mainly
focused
on
implication
disturbed
events
inducing
plasticity-mediated
addition,
discussed
concept
peroxidation
its
crucial
role
phenotypic
switching
ferroptosis
Elucidating
relationship
between
metabolism,
emergence
will
open
new
opportunities
develop
innovative
strategies
combinatorial
approaches
