Agricultural intensification reduces microbial network complexity and the abundance of keystone taxa in roots

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 1722 - 1736

Published: March 8, 2019

Root-associated microbes play a key role in plant performance and productivity, making them important players agroecosystems. So far, very few studies have assessed the impact of different farming systems on root microbiota it is still unclear whether agricultural intensification influences structure complexity microbial communities. We investigated conventional, no-till, organic wheat fungal communities using PacBio SMRT sequencing samples collected from 60 farmlands Switzerland. Organic harbored much more complex network with significantly higher connectivity than conventional no-till systems. The abundance keystone taxa was highest under where lowest. also found strong negative association (R2 = 0.366; P < 0.0001) between connectivity. occurrence best explained by soil phosphorus levels, bulk density, pH, mycorrhizal colonization. majority are known to form arbuscular associations plants belong orders Glomerales, Paraglomerales, Diversisporales. Supporting this, fungi roots soils farming. To our knowledge, this first study report for agroecosystems, we demonstrate that reduces microbiome.

Language: Английский

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Meta-analysis shows positive effects of plant diversity on microbial biomass and respiration

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: March 22, 2019

Abstract Soil microorganisms are key to biological diversity and many ecosystem processes in terrestrial ecosystems. Despite the current alarming loss of plant diversity, it is unclear how species affects soil microorganisms. By conducting a global meta-analysis with paired observations mixtures monocultures from 106 studies, we show that microbial biomass, bacterial fungal fungi:bacteria ratio, respiration increase, while Gram-positive Gram-negative bacteria ratio decrease response mixtures. The increases biomass more pronounced older diverse effects on all attributes consistent across types including natural forests, planted grasslands, croplands, containers. Our study underlines strong relationships between ecosystems suggests importance maintaining belowground functioning.

Language: Английский

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Trophic Regulations of the Soil Microbiome

Trends in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 27(9), P. 771 - 780

Published: May 25, 2019

Language: Английский

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Protists: Puppet Masters of the Rhizosphere Microbiome

Trends in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 165 - 176

Published: Nov. 13, 2018

Language: Английский

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Microbes follow Humboldt: temperature drives plant and soil microbial diversity patterns from the Amazon to the Andes

Ecology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 99(11), P. 2455 - 2466

Published: Aug. 7, 2018

Abstract More than 200 years ago, Alexander von Humboldt reported that tropical plant species richness decreased with increasing elevation and decreasing temperature. Surprisingly, coordinated patterns in plant, bacterial, fungal diversity on mountains have not yet been observed, despite the central role of soil microorganisms terrestrial biogeochemistry ecology. We studied an Andean transect traversing 3.5 km to test whether composition forest plants, bacteria, fungi follow similar biogeographical shared environmental drivers. found changes all three groups: declined as increased, compositional dissimilarity among communities increased separation elevation, although were larger bacteria fungi. Temperature was dominant driver these gradients, weak influences edaphic properties, including pH . The gradients microbial strongly correlated activities enzymes involved organic matter cycling, accompanied by a transition traits towards slower‐growing, oligotrophic taxa at higher elevations. provide first evidence temperature‐driven distribution major biotic groups ecosystems: fungi, plants. These findings suggest interrelated fundamental drivers occur across landscape scales. are revealed where is relatively constant, implications for under future climate change.

Language: Английский

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The physical structure of soil: Determinant and consequence of trophic interactions

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 148, P. 107876 - 107876

Published: June 7, 2020

Trophic interactions play a vital role in soil functioning and are increasingly considered as important drivers of the microbiome biogeochemical cycles. In last decade, novel tools to decipher structure food webs have provided unprecedent advance describing complex trophic interactions. Yet, major challenge remains understand Evidence suggests that small scale physical may offer unifying framework for understanding nature patterns soils. Here, we review current knowledge how restrictions on organisms' ability sense access resources/prey inherent essentially shape We focus primarily organisms unable deform create pores themselves, such bacteria, fungi, protists, nematodes microarthropods, consider pore geometry, connectivity hydration status main descriptors structure. point appears mostly limit sensing accessibility resources/prey, with negative effects bottom up controls. The mechanisms (i) reduced transport molecules, notably volatiles, through matrix (ii) wide presence refuges leading size segregation consumer/predators sources/prey contrasting size. addition, variations water film is suggested central aspect driving encounter probability between consumers/predator source/prey hence locally decrease or increase top-down Constraints imposed by thought be diversity local community assemblage, favoring variety adaptations feed this dark labyrinth (food specialists/flexible/generalists) limiting competitive exclusion limited consumers. conclude possible future ways an interdisciplinary more quantitative research merging physics web ecology.

Language: Английский

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Fungal diversity regulates plant-soil feedbacks in temperate grassland

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 4(11)

Published: Nov. 2, 2018

Plant growth dynamics are shaped by the diversity of associating pathogenic, saprotrophic, and mutualistic soil fungi.

Language: Английский

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Drivers of the composition of active rhizosphere bacterial communities in temperate grasslands

The ISME Journal, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 463 - 475

Published: Oct. 28, 2019

Abstract The active bacterial rhizobiomes and root exudate profiles of phytometers six plant species growing in central European temperate grassland communities were investigated three regions located up to 700 km apart, across diverse edaphic conditions along a strong land use gradient. recruitment process from bulk soil was identified as the major direct driver composition rhizosphere communities. Unexpectedly, effect properties, particularly texture, water content, type, strongly dominated over properties polar exudates primary metabolism. While species-specific selection bacteria minor, RNA-based substantially differed between soil. Although other variables could additionally be responsible for consistent enrichment particular rhizosphere, distinct OTUs linked presence specific independent individual species. Our study also numerous previously unknown taxa that are correlated with dynamics hence represent suitable targets future manipulations rhizobiome.

Language: Английский

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Root traits explain rhizosphere fungal community composition among temperate grassland plant species

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 229(3), P. 1492 - 1507

Published: Oct. 2, 2020

Summary While it is known that interactions between plants and soil fungi drive many essential ecosystem functions, considerable uncertainty exists over the drivers of fungal community composition in rhizosphere. Here, we examined roles plant species identity, phylogeny functional traits shaping rhizosphere communities tested robustness these relationships to environmental change. We conducted a glasshouse experiment consisting 21 temperate grassland grown under three different treatments characterised within plants. found phylogenetic relatedness all affected composition. Trait with were primarily driven by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, root stronger predictors than leaf traits. These patterns independent under. Our results showcase key role traits, especially diameter, nitrogen specific length, driving composition, demonstrating potential for be used predictive frameworks plant–fungal relationships. Furthermore, highlight how limitations our understanding function may obscure previously unmeasured interactions.

Language: Английский

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Deciphering the role of specialist and generalist plant–microbial interactions as drivers of plant–soil feedback

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 234(6), P. 1929 - 1944

Published: March 26, 2022

Feedback between plants and soil microbial communities can be a powerful driver of vegetation dynamics. Plants elicit changes in the microbiome that either promote or suppress conspecifics at same location, thereby regulating population density-dependence species co-existence. Such effects are often attributed to accumulation host-specific antagonistic beneficial microbiota rhizosphere. However, identity host-specificity taxa involved rarely empirically assessed. Here we review evidence for plant-associated microbes propose specific plant-soil feedbacks also driven by generalists. We outline potential mechanisms which generalist pathogens, mutualists decomposers generate differential on plant hosts synthesize existing predict these as function investments into defence, dispersal. Importantly, capacity drive depends not only traits individual but phylogenetic functional diversity communities. Identifying factors specialization generalism plant-microbial interactions modulate impact performance will advance our understanding underlying feedback ways it contributes

Language: Английский

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