The Role of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Current Obesity Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 191 - 206

Published: July 5, 2023

To summarize experimental and clinical evidence on the association between tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) discuss potential treatment considerations.Experimental suggests that TNF-α is a cytokine with critical role in pathogenesis of NAFLD. Although, production may be an early event during course (NAFL), play more substantial steatohepatitis (NASH) NAFLD-associated fibrosis. Moreover, potentiate hepatic insulin resistance, thus interconnecting inflammatory metabolic signals possibly contributing to development NAFLD-related comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, hepatocellular carcinoma, extra-hepatic malignancies. In terms, probably associated severity NAFLD; circulating gradually increases from controls patients NAFL, then, NASH. Given this association, various therapeutic interventions (obeticholic acid, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, probiotics, synbiotics, rifaximin, vitamin E, pentoxifylline, ursodeoxycholic fibroblast growth factor-21, n-3 polyunsaturated acids, statins, angiotensin blockers) have been evaluated for their effect Interestingly, anti-TNF biologics shown favorable effects, which open possible window management advanced The key pathogenic NAFLD warrants further investigation important diagnostic implications.

Language: Английский

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Plasma Free Fatty Acid Concentration as a Modifiable Risk Factor for Metabolic Disease

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 2590 - 2590

Published: July 28, 2021

Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) concentration is elevated in obesity, insulin resistance (IR), non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and related comorbidities such as cardiovascular (CVD). Furthermore, experimentally manipulating plasma FFA the laboratory setting modulates metabolic markers of these processes. In this article, evidence presented indicating that a risk factor. Elevations can promote ectopic lipid deposition, IR, well vascular cardiac dysfunction. Typically, results from accelerated adipose tissue lipolysis, caused by high mass, adrenal hormones, or other physiological stressors. Reducing an individual’s postabsorptive postprandial expected to improve health. Lifestyle change could provide significant opportunity for reduction. Various factors impact concentration, chronic restriction dietary energy intake weight loss, exercise, sleep quality quantity, cigarette smoking. review, consideration given multiple which lead elevation subsequent disruption From considering variety medical conditions lifestyle factors, it becomes clear modifiable factor disease.

Language: Английский

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A review of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in non‐obese and lean individuals

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 36(6), P. 1497 - 1507

Published: Nov. 21, 2020

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes hepatic disorders. It represents a wide range chronic diseases in patients with no history significant alcohol consumption, starting simple steatosis and progressing towards non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, ultimately hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD usually associated type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, obesity. This has mostly been studied obese individuals; however, it widely reported among lean/non-obese population recent years. The pathogenesis non-obese various genetic predispositions, particularly patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 G allele polymorphism, which results accumulation triglyceride resistance to insulin. Additionally, dietary factors such as high fructose consumption seem play substantial role pathology NAFLD. Although there not enough evidence on treatment patients, standard approach advise altering one's lifestyle order diminish visceral adiposity. Dietary modification, weight loss, increased physical activity are highly recommended. We aimed review summarize existing information prevalence, pathogenesis, diagnosis, according latest literature.

Language: Английский

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Overexpression of NAG-1/GDF15 prevents hepatic steatosis through inhibiting oxidative stress-mediated dsDNA release and AIM2 inflammasome activation

Redox Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 52, P. 102322 - 102322

Published: April 27, 2022

Language: Английский

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The altered serum lipidome and its diagnostic potential for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver (NAFL)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 73, P. 103661 - 103661

Published: Oct. 28, 2021

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is affecting more people globally. Indeed, NAFLD a spectrum of metabolic dysfunctions that can progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (NAFLD-HCC). This development occur in non-cirrhotic and thus, often lack clinical surveillance. The aim this study was develop non-invasive surveillance method for NAFLD-HCC.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Fatty Acids in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Progression: An Update

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(13), P. 6900 - 6900

Published: June 27, 2021

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major public health problem worldwide. NAFLD (both simple steatosis and steatohepatitis) characterized by alterations in hepatic lipid metabolism, which may lead to the development of severe complications including cirrhosis hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, an exhaustive examination disorders patients much needed. Mass spectrometry-based lipidomics platforms allow for in-depth analysis number human diseases, NAFLD. This review summarizes current research on associated with related complications, special emphasis changes long-chain short-chain acids levels both serum tissue, as well expression genes encoding enzymes catalyzing interconversions.

Language: Английский

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Role of Neutrophils in the Pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Oct. 11, 2021

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes a spectrum of disorders, from to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Compared with liver, NASH is characterized by increased injury inflammation, in which liver-infiltrating immune cells, neutrophil infiltration as hallmark NASH, play critical role promoting the progression NASH. Neutrophils are first responders infection various tissues, establishing line defense through multiple mechanisms such phagocytosis, cytokine secretion, reactive oxygen species production, extracellular trap formation; however, their roles pathogenesis remain obscure. The current review summarizes neutrophils that facilitate involvement inflammation resolution during pathogenesis. notion potential therapeutic targets for treatment also discussed.

Language: Английский

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A Comparison of the Gene Expression Profiles of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease between Animal Models of a High-Fat Diet and Methionine-Choline-Deficient Diet

Molecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(3), P. 858 - 858

Published: Jan. 27, 2022

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) embraces several forms of disorders involving fat disposition in hepatocytes ranging from simple steatosis to the severe stage, namely, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Recently, experimental vivo animal models for NAFLD/NASH have been established. However, no reproducible model displays full spectrum pathophysiological, histological, molecular, and clinical features associated with human progression. Although methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet high-fat (HFD) can mimic histological metabolic abnormalities disease, respectively, molecular signaling pathways are extremely important understanding pathogenesis disease. This review aimed assess differences gene expression patterns progression among most common dietary models, i.e., HFD- MCD diet-fed animals. Studies showed that HFD could induce either up- or downregulation genes proteins involved lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, fibrogenesis pathways. Interestingly, spontaneously develop fibrosis within two four weeks has significant effects on encode enzymes pathway. such were found occur after 24 insulin resistance but appear cause less fibrosis. In conclusion, assessing abnormal caused by different types provides valuable information regarding mechanisms predicts profiling studies concerning genetic variants development should be conducted.

Language: Английский

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Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) and Organokines: What Is Now and What Will Be in the Future

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 498 - 498

Published: Jan. 2, 2022

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by steatosis, lobular inflammation, and enlargement of the diameter hepatocytes (ballooning hepatocytes), with or without fibrosis. It affects 20% patients non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Due to dysfunction numerous metabolic changes that commonly accompany condition (obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, syndrome), secretion organokines modified, which may contribute pathogenesis progression disease. In this sense, study aimed perform a review role in NASH. Thus, combining descriptors such as NASH, organokines, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, search was carried out EMBASE, MEDLINE-PubMed, Cochrane databases articles published last ten years. Insulin inflammation mitochondrial dysfunction, fructose, intestinal microbiota were factors identified participating genesis Changes pattern (adipokines, myokines, hepatokines, osteokines) directly indirectly aggravating compromise homeostasis. further studies involving skeletal muscle, adipose, bone, tissue endocrine organs are essential better understand modulation involved NASH advance treatment

Language: Английский

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Hepatic Stellate Cells: Dictating Outcome in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 1277 - 1292

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a fast growing, chronic affecting ∼25% of the global population. severity ranges from less severe simple hepatic steatosis to more advanced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The presence NASH predisposes individuals fibrosis, which can further progress cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This makes fibrosis an important indicator clinical outcomes in patients with NASH. Hepatic stellate cell activation dictates development during Here, we discuss recent advances analysis profibrogenic pathways mediators inactivation, ultimately determine course disease/NASH. SummaryNonalcoholic frequently progresses outcomes. As NAFLD, that mediate inactivation NAFLD. most prevalent worldwide prevalence rates around 25% nearly 30% adult population, continue increase.1Younossi Z.M. Koenig A.B. 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Language: Английский

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