Role of Mitochondrial Dynamics in Skin Homeostasis: An Update

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 1803 - 1803

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Skin aging is the most prominent phenotype of host and consequence a combination genes environment. Improving skin essential for maintaining healthy physiological function mental health human body. Mitochondria are vital organelles that play important roles in cellular mechanisms, including energy production free radical balance. However, mitochondrial metabolism, dynamics, biogenesis, degradation processes vary greatly various cells skin. It well known dysfunction can promote its associated diseases skin, resulting damage physiology occurrence pathology. In this review, we summarize role mitochondria cells, review responses to steps quality regulation, phagocytosis, describe their importance specific pathways aging.

Language: Английский

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Age‐associated adipose tissue inflammation promotes monocyte chemotaxis and enhances atherosclerosis

Aging Cell, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(2)

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

Although aging enhances atherosclerosis, we do not know if this occurs via alterations in circulating immune cells, lipid metabolism, vasculature, or adipose tissue. Here, examined whether exerts a direct pro-atherogenic effect on tissue mice. After demonstrating that augmented the inflammatory profile of visceral but subcutaneous tissue, transplanted fat from young aged mice onto right carotid artery Ldlr

Language: Английский

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Autophagy and Senescence: The Molecular Mechanisms and Implications in Liver Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(23), P. 16880 - 16880

Published: Nov. 28, 2023

The liver is the primary organ accountable for complex physiological functions, including lipid metabolism, toxic chemical degradation, bile acid synthesis, and glucose metabolism. Liver function homeostasis essential stability of bodily functions involved in regulation balance between cell proliferation death. Cell proliferation-halting mechanisms, autophagy senescence, are implicated development several diseases, such as cholestasis, viral hepatitis, nonalcoholic fatty disease, fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma. Among various death a highly conserved self-degradative cellular process that recycles damaged organelles, debris, proteins. This also provides substrate further A defect machinery can lead to premature accelerated aging, inflammatory state, tumorigenesis, senescence. Senescence, another type, an active player eliminating premalignant cells. At same time, senescent cells affect neighboring by secreting senescence-associated secretory phenotype induce paracrine Autophagy promote delay senescence under different contexts. review decodes roles multiple diseases achieve better understanding regulatory mechanisms implications diseases.

Language: Английский

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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Its Impact on Adipogenesis: Molecular Mechanisms Implicated

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(24), P. 5082 - 5082

Published: Dec. 12, 2023

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a pivotal role in adipogenesis, which encompasses the differentiation of adipocytes and lipid accumulation. Sustained ER has potential to disrupt signaling unfolded protein response (UPR), thereby influencing adipogenesis. This comprehensive review illuminates molecular mechanisms that underpin interplay between We delve into dysregulation UPR pathways, namely, IRE1-XBP1, PERK ATF6 relation adipocyte differentiation, metabolism, tissue inflammation. Moreover, we scrutinize how impacts key adipogenic transcription factors such as proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) along with their interaction other pathways. The cellular ramifications include alterations adipokines, aged adipose also discuss roles chaperones cyclophilin A B play By shedding light on intricate relationship this paves way for devising innovative therapeutic interventions.

Language: Английский

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Anatomical location, sex, and age modulate adipocyte progenitor populations in perivascular adipose tissues

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 12, 2024

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) regulates vascular function due to its capacity synthesize vasoactive products and mechanical properties. PVATs most abundant cells are adipocytes, their populations maintained by the maturation of adipocyte progenitor (APC), which may play a pivotal role in pathogenesis cardiovascular diseases. However, distribution APC within PVAT depots, potential variation spatial location, influence sex age on abundance remain unknown. We hypothesize that is affected age, subtypes have specific distributions. from thoracic abdominal aorta, mesenteric arteries, AT interscapular, gonadal, subcutaneous depots 13-week 30-week-old females males Pdgfrα-CreERT2 x LSL-tdTomato mice (n = 28) were analyzed. Abdominal aorta had fewer progenitors than gonadal AT. Aging reduced but increased numbers PVAT. Females more depots. exhibited unique where they localized neighboring vasa vasorum arteries. (APC1, APC2, APC3, diff APC) identified all Thoracic APC3 located adventitia while parenchyma. This study variability based depot, sex. The distinctive presence diverse suggest contribute differently diseases-induced remodeling.

Language: Английский

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