The Association between Early-Life Gut Microbiota and Long-Term Health and Diseases

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 459 - 459

Published: Jan. 25, 2021

Early life gut microbiota have been increasingly recognized as major contributors to short and/or long-term human health and diseases. Numerous studies demonstrated that microbial colonization begins at birth, but continues develop a succession of taxonomic abundances for two three years until the reaches adult-like diversity proportions. Several factors, including gestational age (GA), delivery mode, birth weight, feeding types, antibiotic exposure, maternal microbiome, diet, influence diversity, abundance, function early microbiota. Gut is essential assisting with digestion food substances release nutrients, exerting control over pathogens, stimulating or modulating immune system, influencing many systems such liver, brain, endocrine system. Microbial metabolites play multiple roles in these interactions. Furthermore, provide evidence supporting imbalances life, referred dysbiosis, are associated specific childhood adult disease outcomes, asthma, atopic dermatitis, diabetes, allergic diseases, obesity, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), neurological disorders. These findings support may fundamental role risk acquiring be programmed during life. In fact, it critical explore

Language: Английский

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Elevated faecal 12,13-diHOME concentration in neonates at high risk for asthma is produced by gut bacteria and impedes immune tolerance

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 4(11), P. 1851 - 1861

Published: July 22, 2019

Language: Английский

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Microbiota medicine: towards clinical revolution

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: March 7, 2022

Abstract The human gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by the largest microbial community within body consisting of trillions microbes called gut microbiota. normal flora site many physiological functions such as enhancing host immunity, participating in nutrient absorption and protecting against pathogenic microorganisms. Numerous investigations showed a bidirectional interplay between microbiota organs intestines, lungs, brain, skin. Large evidence demonstrated, more than decade ago, that alteration key factor pathogenesis local systemic disorders. In this regard, deep understanding mechanisms involved symbiosis/dysbiosis crucial for clinical health field. We review most recent studies on involvement diseases. also elaborate different strategies used to manipulate prevention treatment future medicine strongly related quality our Targeting dysbiosis will be huge challenge.

Language: Английский

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Paradigms of Lung Microbiota Functions in Health and Disease, Particularly, in Asthma

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Aug. 21, 2018

Improvements in our knowledge of the gut microbiota have broadened vision microbes associated with intestine. These are essential actors and protectors digestive extra-digestive health and, by extension, crucial for human physiology. Similar reconsiderations currently underway concerning endogenous lungs, a shift focus away from their involvement infections towards role The discovery lung was delayed long-held view that lungs healthy individuals were sterile sampling difficulties. has low density, maintenance small numbers bacteria seems to be critical determinant good health. This review aims highlight how about can change conception physiology respiratory We provide support this point acquired intestinal describe main characteristics its functional impact on physiology, particularly individuals, after birth, but also asthma. some physiological features tract potentially favouring installation dysbiotic microbiota. feeds matures epithelium is involved immunity, when principal orientation balance aspects immune epithelial responsiveness. implies local remote effects bacterial communities likely many diseases caused viruses, allergens or genetic deficiency. Finally, we discuss reciprocal connections between render these two compartments inseparable.

Language: Английский

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A review of 10 years of human microbiome research activities at the US National Institutes of Health, Fiscal Years 2007-2016

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Feb. 26, 2019

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the primary federal government agency for biomedical research in USA. NIH provides extensive support human microbiome with 21 27 and Centers (ICs) currently funding this area through their extramural programs. This analysis portfolio briefly reviews early history field at NIH, summarizes program objectives resources developed recently completed 10-year (fiscal years 2007–2016) $215 M Human Microbiome Project (HMP) program, evaluates scope range $728 investment activities outside HMP over fiscal 2012–2016, highlights some specific areas which emerged from investment. closes a few comments on technical needs knowledge gaps remain to be able advance next decade outcomes progress microbiome-based interventions treating disease supporting health.

Language: Английский

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Integrative microbiomics in bronchiectasis exacerbations

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(4), P. 688 - 699

Published: April 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Fetal meconium does not have a detectable microbiota before birth

Nature Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 6(7), P. 865 - 873

Published: May 10, 2021

Language: Английский

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The promise of the gut microbiome as part of individualized treatment strategies

Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 7 - 25

Published: Aug. 27, 2021

Language: Английский

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Promising bioactivities of postbiotics: A comprehensive review

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 100708 - 100708

Published: July 11, 2023

Postbiotics are bioactive substances that useful and produced during fermentation in the matrix. under a fragile balance our body, excessive metabolities, may it be from any origin has potential to hamper or interfere number of physiological processes body. As an innovative approach, can used improve immune tolerance treat food allergy particularly infants children. classified on basis structure (peptides, teichoic acis plasmalogens), elemental composition (as carbohydrates), proteins (p40, p75 molecule, lactocepin), vitamins (B-group), lipids (butyrates, acetate, lactate, propionates), organic acids (such as 3-phenyllactic acid propionic) different complex molecules lipoteichoic acids, peptidoglycan-derived muropeptides). Postbiotics, mentioned above have been shown immunological effects by increasing mucin levels encouraging production claudin occluding. Moreover, studies highlight postbiotics promising remedy for prevention gastrointestinal diseases is also considered treatment technique with lesser unfavourable side effects, especially children infants. However, future head-to-head will necessary determine best parent cell strains, postbiotic dosages, inexpensive comparison other medications. The source, origin, extraction, synthesis, bioactivity mechanism all included review. antibacterial mechanisms discussed this review, along their absorption healthy substances, cancer, mental health, therapeutic qualities.

Language: Английский

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Short Chain Fatty Acid Metabolism in Relation to Gut Microbiota and Genetic Variability

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(24), P. 5361 - 5361

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

It is widely accepted that the gut microbiota plays a significant role in modulating inflammatory and immune responses of their host. In recent years, host-microbiota interface has gained relevance understanding development many non-communicable chronic conditions, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, autoimmunity neurodegeneration. Importantly, dietary fibre (DF) associated compounds digested by resulting metabolites, especially short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), were significantly with health beneficial effects, such as via proposed anti-inflammatory mechanisms. However, SCFA metabolic pathways are not fully understood. Major steps include production microbiota, uptake colonic epithelium, first-pass effects at liver, followed biodistribution metabolism host's cellular level. As patterns do affect all individuals equally, host genetic makeup may play fate these addition to other factors might influence age, birth through caesarean, medication intake, alcohol tobacco consumption, pathogen exposure physical activity. this article, we review DF, from intake intracellular fibre-derived products, identify possible sources inter-individual variability related variation. Such be indicative phenotypic flexibility response diet, predictive long-term adaptations factors, maladaptation tissue damage, which develop into disease specific predispositions, thus allowing for better prediction potential following personalized intervention DF.

Language: Английский

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