Mechanisms of gut microbiota-immune-host interaction on glucose regulation in type 2 diabetes DOI Creative Commons

Yu-Dian Zhou,

Feng‐Xia Liang,

Hao-Ran Tian

et al.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 20, 2023

Intestinal absorption of food is one the sources glucose. Insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance caused by lifestyle diet are precursors type 2 diabetes. Patients with diabetes have trouble controlling their blood sugar levels. For long-term health, strict glycemic management necessary. Although it thought to be well correlated metabolic diseases like obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, its molecular mechanism still not completely understood. Disturbed microbiota triggers gut immune response reshape homeostasis. This interaction only maintains dynamic changes intestinal flora, but also preserves integrity barrier. Meanwhile, establishes a systemic multiorgan dialog on gut-brain gut-liver axes, high-fat affects host’s feeding preference metabolism. Intervention in can combat decreased sensitivity linked both centrally peripherally. Moreover, pharmacokinetics oral hypoglycemic medications influenced microbiota. The accumulation drugs drug efficacy, composition function them, thus may help explain individual therapeutic variances pharmacological efficacy. Regulating through healthy dietary patterns or supplementing pro/prebiotics provide guidance for interventions people poor control. Traditional Chinese medicine used as complementary effectively regulate becoming new target against diseases, so more evidence needed elucidate intricate microbiota-immune-host relationship, explore potential targeting

Language: Английский

Detection of Microplastic in Human Placenta and Meconium in a Clinical Setting DOI Creative Commons
Thorsten Braun,

Loreen Ehrlich,

Wolfgang Henrich

et al.

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 921 - 921

Published: June 22, 2021

Environmental pollution with microplastics (MPs) is a major and worldwide concern. Involuntary exposure to MPs by ingestion or inhalation unavoidable. The effects on human health are still under debate, while in animals, cellular MP translocation subsequent deleterious were shown. First reports indicate potential intrauterine MPs, yet readouts prone contamination. Method: To establish thorough protocol for the detection of placenta fetal meconium real-life clinical setting, pilot study was set up screen > 50 µm placental tissue sampled during two cesarean sections breech deliveries. After chemical digestion non-plastic material, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy used analyze presence 10 common types microplastic stool samples. Results: Human samples screened positive polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, which only latter one also detected as airborne fallout operating room—thus representing Conclusion: We found acquired from delivery. Critical evaluation contamination sources pivotal may guide future studies improve correct organ tissue. Studies investigating nano-sized plastics warranted.

Language: Английский

Citations

327
Questioning the fetal microbiome illustrates pitfalls of low-biomass microbial studies DOI
Katherine M. Kennedy, Marcus C. de Goffau, María Elisa Pérez-Muñoz

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 613(7945), P. 639 - 649

Published: Jan. 25, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

231
Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases DOI Creative Commons
Jian Sheng Loh, Wen Qi Mak, Li Tan

et al.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Abstract The human gastrointestinal tract is populated with a diverse microbial community. vast genetic and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome underpins its ubiquity in nearly every aspect biology, including health maintenance, development, aging, disease. advent new sequencing technologies culture-independent methods has allowed researchers to move beyond correlative studies toward mechanistic explorations shed light on microbiome–host interactions. Evidence unveiled bidirectional communication between central nervous system, referred as “microbiota–gut–brain axis”. microbiota–gut–brain axis represents an important regulator glial functions, making it actionable target ameliorate development progression neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we discuss mechanisms As provides essential cues microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, examine communications microbiota these cells during healthy states Subsequently, diseases using metabolite-centric approach, while also examining role microbiota-related neurotransmitters hormones. Next, targeting intestinal barrier, blood–brain meninges, peripheral immune system counteract dysfunction neurodegeneration. Finally, conclude by assessing pre-clinical clinical evidence probiotics, prebiotics, fecal transplantation A thorough comprehension will foster effective therapeutic interventions for management

Language: Английский

Citations

231
Immune-microbe interactions early in life: A determinant of health and disease long term DOI Open Access
Petter Brodin

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 376(6596), P. 945 - 950

Published: May 26, 2022

Research on newborn immunity has revealed the importance of cell ontogeny, feto-maternal tolerance, and transfer maternal antibodies. Less is known about postnatal adaptation to environmental exposures. The microbiome its for health have been extensively studied, but it remains unclear how mutually beneficial relationships between commensal microbes human cells first arise are maintained throughout life. Such immune-microbe mutualism, perturbations thereof, most likely a root cause increasing incidences immune-mediated disorders such as allergies autoimmunity across many industrialized nations during past century. In this Review, I discuss our current understanding immune development propose that mismatches among ancestral, early-life, adult environments can explain interactions, dysregulation, increased risks diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

109
Microbial transmission, colonisation and succession: from pregnancy to infancy DOI Creative Commons
Liwen Xiao, Fangqing Zhao

Gut, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 72(4), P. 772 - 786

Published: Jan. 31, 2023

The microbiome has been proven to be associated with many diseases and used as a biomarker target in disease prevention intervention. Currently, the vital role of pregnant women newborns is increasingly emphasised. In this review, we discuss interplay corresponding immune mechanism between mothers their offspring during perinatal period. We aim present comprehensive picture microbial transmission potential imprinting before after delivery. addition, possibility utero colonisation pregnancy, which highly debated recent studies, highlight importance infant development first 3 years life. This holistic view infants will refine our current understanding pregnancy complications well early life greatly facilitate microbiome-based prenatal diagnosis treatment mother-infant-related diseases.

Language: Английский

Citations

80
The developing infant gut microbiome: A strain-level view DOI Creative Commons
Hagay Enav, Fredrik Bäckhed, Ruth E. Ley

et al.

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 30(5), P. 627 - 638

Published: May 1, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

71
Development of Gut Microbiota in the First 1000 Days after Birth and Potential Interventions DOI Open Access
Alexandru Cosmin Pantazi, Adriana Luminița Bălașa, Cristina Maria Mihai

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(16), P. 3647 - 3647

Published: Aug. 20, 2023

The first 1000 days after birth represent a critical window for gut microbiome development, which is essential immune system maturation and overall health. undergoes major changes during this period due to shifts in diet environment. Disruptions the microbiota early life can have lasting health effects, including increased risks of inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseases, neurological obesity. Maternal environmental factors pregnancy infancy shape infant microbiota. In article, we will review how maintaining healthy important long-term Furthermore, briefly include fungal colonization its effects on host function, are discussed as part ecosystem. Additionally, describe potential approaches such hydrogels enriched with prebiotics probiotics, transplantation (GMT) pregnancy, age-specific microbial ecosystem therapeutics, CRISPR therapies targeting hold advancing research development. Nevertheless, thorough evaluation their safety, effectiveness, impacts crucial prior application clinical approach. article emphasizes need continued optimize development through targeted early-life interventions.

Language: Английский

Citations

55
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Epigenetic Alterations in Metabolic Diseases DOI Creative Commons
Hamid M. Abdolmaleky, Jin‐Rong Zhou

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 985 - 985

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

Gut dysbiosis, resulting from an imbalance in the gut microbiome, can induce excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to inflammation, DNA damage, activation immune system, and epigenetic alterations critical genes involved metabolic pathways. dysbiosis-induced inflammation also disrupt barrier integrity increase intestinal permeability, which allows gut-derived toxic products enter liver systemic circulation, further triggering oxidative stress, associated with diseases. However, specific metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), lactate, vitamins, modulate stress system through mechanisms, thereby improving function. microbiota diet-induced diseases, obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, transfer next generation, involving mechanisms. In this review, we will introduce key that, along dysbiosis ROS, are engaged developing Finally, discuss potential therapeutic interventions dietary modifications, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, fecal transplantation, may reduce syndrome by altering alterations. summary, review highlights crucial role pathogenesis a particular focus on (including histone methylomics, RNA interference) that prevent or improve

Language: Английский

Citations

48
A systematic framework for understanding the microbiome in human health and disease: from basic principles to clinical translation DOI Creative Commons

Ziqi Ma,

Tao Zuo, Norbert Frey

et al.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Sept. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

20
Gut–X axis DOI Creative Commons
Lin Xu, Yu Zhang, Xueyan Li

et al.

iMeta, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract Recent advances in understanding the modulatory functions of gut and microbiota on human diseases facilitated our focused attention contribution to pathophysiological alterations many extraintestinal organs, including liver, heart, brain, lungs, kidneys, bone, skin, reproductive, endocrine systems. In this review, we applied “gut–X axis” concept describe linkages between other organs discussed latest findings related axis,” underlying mechanisms potential clinical intervention strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

2