Defining Coral Bleaching as a Microbial Dysbiosis within the Coral Holobiont

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8(11), P. 1682 - 1682

Published: Oct. 29, 2020

Coral microbiomes are critical to holobiont health and functioning, but the stability of host–microbial interactions is fragile, easily shifting from eubiosis dysbiosis. The heat-induced breakdown symbiosis between host its dinoflagellate algae (that is, “bleaching”), one most devastating outcomes for reef ecosystems. Yet, bleaching tolerance has been observed in some coral species. This review provides an overview holobiont’s diversity, explores thermal relation their associated microorganisms, discusses hypothesis adaptive dysbiosis as a mechanism environmental adaptation, mentions potential solutions mitigate bleaching, suggests new research avenues. More specifically, we define succession three stages, where microbiota can (i) maintain essential functions homeostasis during stress and/or (ii) act buffer by favoring recruitment thermally tolerant Symbiodiniaceae species (adaptive dysbiosis), (iii) stressors exceed buffering capacity both microbial partners leading death.

Language: Английский

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Beneath the surface: community assembly and functions of the coral skeleton microbiome

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2019

Abstract Coral microbial ecology is a burgeoning field, driven by the urgency of understanding coral health and slowing reef loss due to climate change. resilience depends on its microbiota, both tissue underlying skeleton are home rich biodiversity eukaryotic, bacterial archaeal species that form an integral part holobiont. New techniques now enable detailed studies endolithic habitat, our knowledge skeletal community eco-physiology increasing rapidly, with multiple lines evidence for importance microbiota in functioning. Here, we review roles these organisms play holobiont, including nutritional exchanges host decalcification skeleton. Microbial metabolism causes steep physico-chemical gradients skeleton, creating micro-niches that, along dispersal limitation priority effects, define fine-scale assembly. bleaching drastic changes microbiome, which can mitigate effects promote survival during stress periods, but may also have detrimental effects. Finally, discuss idea function as reservoir recolonization microbiome following dysbiosis help holobiont return homeostasis.

Language: Английский

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Microbiome differences in disease-resistant vs. susceptible Acropora corals subjected to disease challenge assays

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Dec. 4, 2019

In recent decades coral gardening has become increasingly popular to restore degraded reef ecosystems. However, the growth and survivorship of nursery-reared outplanted corals are highly variable. Scientists trying identify genotypes that show signs disease resistance leverage these in restoring more resilient populations. a previous study, field grafting assay was conducted on Acropora cervicornis palmata quantify relative susceptibility. this we further evaluate by investigating putative disease-causing agents microbiome with disease-resistant phenotypes. We 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing A. were grafted (inoculated) diseased fragment. found independent health state, had distinct alpha beta diversity patterns from one another dominant bacteria. addition, despite different between both inoculated species, genus Sphingomonadaceae significantly species. Additionally, core bacteria member order Myxococcales at relatively higher abundances lower rates development following grafting. all, identified as pathogen bacterium associated showed resistant

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary signal in the gut microbiomes of 74 bird species from Equatorial Guinea

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 829 - 847

Published: Jan. 13, 2020

Abstract How the microbiome interacts with hosts across evolutionary time is poorly understood. Data sets including many host species are required to conduct comparative analyses. Here, we analyzed 142 intestinal samples from 92 birds belonging 74 Equatorial Guinea, using 16S rRNA gene. Using four definitions for microbial taxonomic units (97%OTU, 99%OTU, 99%OTU singletons removed, ASV), conducted alpha and beta diversity We found that raw abundances varied between data but relative patterns were largely consistent sets. Host taxonomy, diet locality significantly associated microbiomes, at generally similar levels three distance metrics. Phylogenetic methods assessed relationship as a trait of underlying bird phylogeny. multiple ways defining “microbiome traits”, neutral Brownian motion model did not explain variation in microbiomes. Instead, White Noise (indicating little phylogenetic signal), was most likely. There some support Ornstein‐Uhlenbeck (that invokes selection), level simulation, further supporting best explanation evolution avian hosts. Our study demonstrated both environment play role gut does follow model; these biological results qualitatively robust analytical choices.

Language: Английский

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Coral and Coral-Associated Microorganisms: A Prolific Source of Potential Bioactive Natural Products

Marine Drugs, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 468 - 468

Published: Aug. 11, 2019

Marine invertebrates and their associated microorganisms are rich sources of bioactive compounds. Among them, coral its promising providers marine The present review provides an overview compounds that produced by corals coral-associated microorganisms, covering the literature from 2010 to March 2019. Accordingly, 245 natural products possess a wide range potent bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antivirus, antifouling activities, among others, described in this review.

Language: Английский

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