Building consensus around the assessment and interpretation of Symbiodiniaceae diversity

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. e15023 - e15023

Published: May 2, 2023

Within microeukaryotes, genetic variation and functional sometimes accumulate more quickly than morphological differences. To understand the evolutionary history ecology of such lineages, it is key to examine diversity at multiple levels organization. In dinoflagellate family Symbiodiniaceae, which can form endosymbioses with cnidarians ( e.g ., corals, octocorals, sea anemones, jellyfish), other marine invertebrates e.g. , sponges, molluscs, flatworms), protists foraminifera), molecular data have been used extensively over past three decades describe phenotypes make ecological inferences. Despite advances in Symbiodiniaceae genomics, a lack consensus among researchers respect interpreting has slowed progress field acted as barrier reconciling observations. Here, we identify challenges regarding assessment interpretation across levels: species, populations, communities. We summarize areas agreement highlight techniques approaches that are broadly accepted. where debate remains, unresolved issues discuss technologies help fill knowledge gaps related phenotypic diversity. also ways stimulate progress, particular by fostering inclusive collaborative research community. hope this perspective will inspire accelerate coral reef science serving resource those designing experiments, publishing research, applying for funding their symbiotic partnerships.

Language: Английский

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Triggers, cascades, and endpoints: connecting the dots of coral bleaching mechanisms

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99(3), P. 715 - 752

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

ABSTRACT The intracellular coral–dinoflagellate symbiosis is the engine that underpins success of coral reefs, one most diverse ecosystems on planet. However, breakdown and loss microalgal symbiont (i.e. bleaching) due to environmental changes are resulting in rapid degradation reefs globally. There an urgent need understand cellular physiology bleaching at mechanistic level help develop solutions mitigate reef crisis. Here, unprecedented scope, we present novel models integrate putative mechanisms within a common framework according triggers (initiators bleaching, e.g. heat, cold, light stress, hypoxia, hyposalinity), cascades (cellular pathways, photoinhibition, unfolded protein response, nitric oxide), endpoints (mechanisms loss, apoptosis, necrosis, exocytosis/vomocytosis). supported by direct evidence from cnidarian systems, indirectly through comparative evolutionary analyses non‐cnidarian systems. With this approach, new have been established between initiated different triggers. In particular, provide insights into poorly understood connections highlight role mechanism i.e. ‘symbiolysosomal digestion’, which symbiophagy. This review also increases approachability for specialists non‐specialists mapping vast landscape atlas comprehensible detailed models. We then discuss major knowledge gaps how future research may improve understanding cascade pathways (endpoints).

Language: Английский

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The baseline is already shifted: marine microbiome restoration and rehabilitation as essential tools to mitigate ecosystem decline

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: June 30, 2023

Climate change is turning formerly pristine ecosystems into ever-changing states, causing major disturbance and biodiversity loss. Such impacted marine organisms exhibit clear microbiome shifts that alter their function. Microbiome-targeted interventions appear as feasible tools to support organismal ecosystem resilience recovery by restoring symbiotic interactions thwarting dysbiotic processes. However, restoration rehabilitation are perceived drastic measures, since they ‘natural relationships’. What missing from this notion microbiomes already drastically differ any pre-anthropogenic state. As such, our perception definition of even ‘pristine states’ may in fact represent an disturbed/derived condition. Following this, we argue rehabilitating essential mitigate decline.

Language: Английский

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Systematic review of cnidarian microbiomes reveals insights into the structure, specificity, and fidelity of marine associations

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 14, 2023

Abstract Microorganisms play essential roles in the health and resilience of cnidarians. Understanding factors influencing cnidarian microbiomes requires cross study comparisons, yet plethora protocols used hampers dataset integration. We unify 16S rRNA gene sequences from microbiome studies under a single analysis pipeline. reprocess 12,010 samples 186 studies, alongside 3,388 poriferan, 370 seawater samples, 245 cultured Symbiodiniaceae, unifying ~6.5 billion sequence reads. Samples are partitioned by hypervariable region sequencing platform to reduce variability. This systematic review uncovers an incredible diversity 86 archaeal bacterial phyla associated with Cnidaria, highlights key bacteria hosted across host sub-phylum, depth, microhabitat. Shallow (< 30 m) water Alcyonacea Actinaria characterized highly shared relatively abundant microbial communities, unlike Scleractinia most deeper Utilizing V4 region, we find that composition, richness, diversity, structure primarily influenced phylogeny, sampling ocean body, followed microhabitat date. identify geographical generalist specific Endozoicomonas clades within Cnidaria Porifera. forms framework for understanding governing creates baseline assessing stress dysbiosis.

Language: Английский

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Stony coral tissue loss disease: a review of emergence, impacts, etiology, diagnostics, and intervention

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

Stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) is destructive and poses a significant threat to Caribbean reef ecosystems. Characterized by the acute of tissue, SCTLD has impacted over 22 stony species across region, leading visible declines in health. Based on duration, lethality, host range, spread this disease, considered most devastating outbreak ever recorded. Researchers are actively investigating cause transmission SCTLD, but exact mechanisms, triggers, etiological agent(s) remain elusive. If left unchecked, could have profound implications for health resilience reefs worldwide. To summarize what known about identify potential knowledge gaps, review provides holistic overview research, including susceptibility, transmission, ecological impacts, etiology, diagnostic tools, defense treatments. Additionally, future research avenues highlighted, which also relevant other diseases. As continues spread, collaborative efforts necessary develop effective strategies mitigating its impacts critical These need include researchers from diverse backgrounds underrepresented groups provide additional perspectives that requires creative urgent solutions.

Language: Английский

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Protein signatures predict coral resilience and survival to thermal bleaching events

Communications Earth & Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: March 8, 2025

Language: Английский

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Thirty years of coral bleaching in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean: a historical assessment based on degree heating week indices

Coral Reefs, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 2, 2025

Language: Английский

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Naturally occurring fire coral clones demonstrate a genetic and environmental basis of microbiome composition

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Nov. 4, 2021

Abstract Coral microbiomes are critical to holobiont functioning, but much remains be understood about how prevailing environment and host genotype affect microbial communities in ecosystems. Resembling human identical twin studies, we examined bacterial community differences of naturally occurring fire coral clones within between contrasting reef habitats assess the relative contribution microbiome structure. Bacterial composition differed habitats, highlighting environment. Similarly, a lesser extent, varied across different genotypes denoting influence genotype. Predictions genomic function based on taxonomic profiles suggest that environmentally determined taxa supported functional restructuring metabolic network. In contrast, bacteria by seemed functionally redundant. Our study suggests flexibility as mechanism environmental adaptation with association partially dependent

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Interactions between a Probiotic Consortium and Its Coral Host

mSystems, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

Probiotics are currently the main hope as a potential medicine for corals, organisms that considered marine “canaries of coal mine” and threatened with extinction. Our experiments have proved concept probiotics mitigate coral bleaching can also prevent mortality.

Language: Английский

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Marine protected areas do not buffer corals from bleaching under global warming

BMC Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: May 4, 2022

The rising temperature of the oceans has been identified as primary driver mass coral reef declines via bleaching (expulsion photosynthetic endosymbionts). Marine protected areas (MPAs) have implemented throughout with aim mitigating impact local stressors, enhancing fish biomass, and sustaining biodiversity overall. In regions specifically, protection from stressors enhanced ecosystem function contributed by MPAs are expected to increase resistance global-scale such marine heatwaves. However, still suffer limitations in design, or fail be adequately enforced, potentially reducing their intended efficacy. Here, we address hypothesis that local-scale benefits resulting moderate under global warming related stress.

Language: Английский

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