3D Printing of Hydrogels for Stretchable Ionotronic Devices

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 31(52)

Published: Sept. 21, 2021

Abstract In the booming development of flexible electronics represented by electronic skins, soft robots, and human–machine interfaces, 3D printing hydrogels, an approach used biofabrication community, is drawing attention from researchers working on hydrogel‐based stretchable ionotronic devices. Such devices can greatly benefit excellent patterning capability in three dimensions, as well free design complexity easy upscale potential. Compared to advanced stage bioprinting, hydrogel its infancy due difficulty balancing printability, ionic conductivity, shape fidelity, stretchability, other functionalities. this review, a guideline provided how utilize power building high‐performance mainly materials’ point view, highlighting systematic quality, performance printed Various methods for hydrogels are introduced, then ink principles, functions, such elastic self‐healing ability, device (e.g., sensors, shape‐morphing actuators, electroluminescent devices, electrochemical biosensors) performances discussed. conclusion, perspectives future directions exciting field presented.

Language: Английский

---

Recent Trends in Advanced Photoinitiators for Vat Photopolymerization 3D Printing

Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 43(14)

Published: May 17, 2022

3D printing has revolutionized the way of manufacturing with a huge impact on various fields, in particular biomedicine. Vat photopolymerization-based techniques such as stereolithography (SLA) and digital light processing (DLP) attract considerable attention owing to their superior print resolution, relatively high speed, low cost, flexibility resin material design. As one key element SLA/DLP resin, photoinitiators or photoinitiating systems have experienced significant development recent years, parallel exploration (macro)monomers. The design new cannot only offer faster speed enable low-energy visible fabrication, but also can bring functions printed products even generate methods combination advanced optics. This review evaluates trends application for vat photopolymerization printing, wide range small molecules, polymers, nanoassemblies involved. Personal perspectives current limitations future directions are eventually provided.

Language: Английский

---

Digital Light Processing 3D Printing of Tough Supramolecular Hydrogels with Sophisticated Architectures as Impact‐Absorption Elements

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(34)

Published: June 27, 2022

Processing tough hydrogels into sophisticated architectures is crucial for their applications as structural elements. However, Digital Light (DLP) printing of challenging because the low-speed gelation and toughening process. Described here a simple yet versatile system suitable DLP to form hydrogel architectures. The aqueous precursor consists commercial photoinitiator, acrylic acid, zirconium ion (Zr4+ ), readily forming metallo-supramolecular under digital light in situ formation carboxyl-Zr4+ coordination complexes. high-stiffness antiswelling properties as-printed gel enable high-efficiency high-fidelity constructs. Furthermore, swelling-induced morphing also achieved by encoding structure gradients during with grayscale light. Mechanical printed are further improved after incubation water due variation local pH rearrangement complex. swelling-enhanced stiffness affords shape fixation ability manual deformations, thereby provides an additional avenue more complex configurations. These used devise impact-absorption element or high-sensitivity pressure sensor proof-of-concept examples. This work should merit engineering other gels extend scope diverse fields.

Language: Английский

---

Comprehensive review on various additive manufacturing techniques and its implementation in electronic devices

Journal of Manufacturing Systems, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 62, P. 477 - 502

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Digital Light Processing of Dynamic Bottlebrush Materials

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(25)

Published: Feb. 23, 2022

Abstract Bottlebrush elastomers have attracted significant attention as a class of super‐soft materials with storage modulus ( G ′) less than the intrinsic entanglement shear e ), but current processing strategies been limited to molding or extrusion‐based 3D printing. Here, ability print bottlebrush via digital light (DLP) is demonstrated through design novel resin components and building blocks. In particular, mono‐telechelic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) macromonomers 1,2‐dithiolane end group derived from α‐lipoic acid (LA) undergo fast efficient copolymerization PEG diacrylates under (≤405 nm) in presence photoinitiator generate crosslinked networks containing dynamic disulfide backbones. This allows objects that are both solvent‐free be printed commercial DLP printer. The resulting exchange when exposed ultraviolet (365 elevated temperatures, facilitating reprocessing postfabrication healing. These results establish simple strategy for preparation resins based on natural blocks (α‐lipoic acid), leading unique properties broaden utility light‐based printing user‐friendly chemistry.

Language: Английский

---

High-Performance Photoinitiating Systems for LED-Induced Photopolymerization

Polymers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 342 - 342

Published: Jan. 9, 2023

Currently, increasing attention has been focused on light-emitting diodes (LEDs)-induced photopolymerization. The common LEDs (e.g., LED at 365 nm and 405 nm) possess narrow emission bands. Due to their light absorption properties, most commercial photoinitiators are sensitive UV cannot be optimally activated under visible irradiation. Although many have designed for LED-induced free radical polymerization cationic polymerization, there is still the issue of mating between LEDs. Therefore, development novel photoinitiators, which could applied irradiation, significant. Many photoinitiating systems reported in past decade. In this review, some recently developed used photopolymerization, mainly 5 years, summarized categorized as Type Ⅰ Ⅱ dye-based systems. addition, properties photoinitiation efficiencies discussed.

Language: Английский

---

Photoinhibiting via simultaneous photoabsorption and free-radical reaction for high-fidelity light-based bioprinting

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: May 27, 2023

Light-based 3D bioprinting is now employed widely to fabricate geometrically complex constructs for various biomedical applications. However, the inherent light scattering defect creates significant challenges in patterning dilute hydrogels form high-fidelity structures with fine-scale features. Herein, we introduce a photoinhibiting approach that can effectively suppress effect via mechanism of simultaneous photoabsorption and free-radical reaction. This biocompatible significantly improves printing resolution (~1.2 - ~2.1 pixels depending on swelling) shape fidelity (geometric error less than 5%), while minimising costly trial-and-error procedures. The capability using different demonstrated by manufacturing scaffolds featuring intricate multi-sized channels thin-walled networks. Importantly, cellularised gyroid (HepG2) are fabricated successfully, exhibiting high cell proliferation functionality. strategy established this study promotes printability operability light-based systems, allowing numerous new applications tissue engineering.

Language: Английский

---

Recent Progress of the Vat Photopolymerization Technique in Tissue Engineering: A Brief Review of Mechanisms, Methods, Materials, and Applications

Polymers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(19), P. 3940 - 3940

Published: Sept. 29, 2023

Vat photopolymerization (VP), including stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), and volumetric printing, employs UV or visible to solidify cell-laden photoactive bioresin contained within a vat in point-by-point, layer-by-layer, manner. VP-based bioprinting has garnered substantial attention both academia industry due its unprecedented control over printing resolution accuracy, as well rapid speed. It holds tremendous potential for the fabrication of tissue- organ-like structures field regenerative medicine. This review summarizes recent progress VP fields tissue engineering First, it introduces mechanism photopolymerization, followed by an explanation technique commonly used biomaterials. Furthermore, application was discussed. Finally, challenges facing are discussed, future trends projected.

Language: Английский

---

Carbazole-fused coumarin based oxime esters (OXEs): efficient photoinitiators for sunlight driven free radical photopolymerization

Green Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(17), P. 6881 - 6891

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The use of sunlight to initiate free radical polymerization under air is a key challenge.

Language: Английский

---

Photocuring 3D Printing of Hydrogels: Techniques, Materials, and Applications in Tissue Engineering and Flexible Devices

Macromolecular Rapid Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45(7)

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

Photocuring 3D printing of hydrogels, with sophisticated, delicate structures and biocompatibility, attracts significant attention by researchers possesses promising application in the fields tissue engineering flexible devices. After years development, photocuring technologies hydrogel inks make great progress. Herein, techniques including direct ink writing (DIW), stereolithography (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), continuous liquid interface production (CLIP), volumetric additive manufacturing (VAM), two photon polymerization (TPP) are reviewed. Further, raw materials for (photocurable polymers, monomers, photoinitiators, additives) applications devices also At last, current challenges future perspectives hydrogels discussed.

Language: Английский

---