Differentiation and Integration of Competing Memories: A Neural Network Model DOI Creative Commons

Victoria J. H. Ritvo,

Alex Nguyen, Nicholas B. Turk‐Browne

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 3, 2023

Abstract What determines when neural representations of memories move together (integrate) or apart (differentiate)? Classic supervised learning models posit that, two stimuli predict similar outcomes, their should integrate. However, these have recently been challenged by studies showing that pairing with a shared associate can sometimes cause differentiation, depending on the parameters study and brain region being examined. Here, we provide purely unsupervised network model explain other related findings. The exhibit integration differentiation amount activity allowed to spread competitors — inactive are not modified, connections moderately active weakened (leading differentiation), highly strengthened integration). also makes several novel predictions most importantly, occurs as result this mechanism, it will be rapid asymmetric, give rise anticorrelated in is source differentiation. Overall, modeling results computational explanation for diverse set seemingly contradictory empirical findings memory literature, well new insights into dynamics at play during learning.

Language: Английский

Extra-hippocampal contributions to pattern separation DOI Creative Commons
Tarek Amer, Lila Davachi

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 27, 2023

Pattern separation, or the process by which highly similar stimuli experiences in memory are represented non-overlapping neural ensembles, has typically been ascribed to processes supported hippocampus. Converging evidence from a wide range of studies, however, suggests that pattern separation is multistage network brain regions. Based on this evidence, considered together with related findings interference resolution literature, we propose 'cortico-hippocampal separation' (CHiPS) framework, asserts regions involved cognitive control play significant role separation. Particularly, these may contribute (1) resolving sensory project hippocampus, thus regulating its cortical input, (2) directly modulating hippocampal accordance task demands. Considering recent interest how operations modulated goal states likely and regulated extra-hippocampal regions, argue similarly neocortical-hippocampal interactions.

Language: Английский

Citations

39
Predictions transform memories: How expected versus unexpected events are integrated or separated in memory DOI Creative Commons
Oded Bein, Camille Gasser, Tarek Amer

et al.

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 153, P. 105368 - 105368

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

27
Multiple Memory Subsystems: Reconsidering Memory in the Mind and Brain DOI Creative Commons
Brynn E. Sherman, Nicholas B. Turk‐Browne, Elizabeth V. Goldfarb

et al.

Perspectives on Psychological Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 103 - 125

Published: June 30, 2023

The multiple-memory-systems framework-that distinct types of memory are supported by brain systems-has guided learning and research for decades. However, recent work challenges the one-to-one mapping between structures central to this taxonomy, with key memory-related supporting multiple functions across substructures. Here we integrate cross-species findings in hippocampus, striatum, amygdala propose an updated framework subsystems (MMSS). We provide evidence two organizational principles MMSS theory: First, opposing representations colocated same structures; second, parallel structures. discuss why burgeoning has potential a useful revision classic theories long-term memory, what is needed further validate framework, how novel perspective on organization may guide future research.

Language: Английский

Citations

23
Abrupt hippocampal remapping signals resolution of memory interference DOI Creative Commons
Wanjia Guo, Serra E. Favila,

Ghootae Kim

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Aug. 10, 2021

Abstract Remapping refers to a decorrelation of hippocampal representations similar spatial environments. While it has been speculated that remapping may contribute the resolution episodic memory interference in humans, direct evidence is surprisingly limited. We tested this idea using high-resolution, pattern-based fMRI analyses. Here we show activity patterns human CA3/dentate gyrus exhibit an abrupt, temporally-specific highly precisely coupled with behavioral expressions successful learning. The magnitude learning-related was predicted by amount pattern overlap during initial stages learning, greater leading stronger decorrelation. Finally, remapped carry relatively more information about learned associations compared competing associations, further validating significance remapping. Collectively, these findings establish critical link between and provide insight into why occurs.

Language: Английский

Citations

47
From remembering to reconstruction: The transformative neural representation of episodic memory DOI
Gui Xue

Progress in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 219, P. 102351 - 102351

Published: Sept. 8, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

29
Partially overlapping spatial environments trigger reinstatement in hippocampus and schema representations in prefrontal cortex DOI Creative Commons
Li Juan Zheng, Zhiyao Gao, Andrew S. McAvan

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Oct. 28, 2021

When we remember a city that have visited, retrieve places related to finding our goal but also non-target locations within this environment. Yet, understanding how the human brain implements neural computations underlying holistic retrieval remains unsolved, particularly for shared aspects of environments. Here, participants learned and retrieved details from three partially overlapping environments while undergoing high-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Our findings show reinstatement stores even when they are not specific trial probe, providing evidence environmental retrieval. For between cities, find pattern separation (representational orthogonalization) in hippocampal subfield CA2/3/DG repulsion CA1 (differentiation beyond orthogonalization). Additionally, demonstrate medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) representations common spatial structure, termed schema, across Together, suggest unique elements multiple accessed computationally neurally.

Language: Английский

Citations

41
Forming cognitive maps for abstract spaces: the roles of the human hippocampus and orbitofrontal cortex DOI Creative Commons
Yidan Qiu, Huakang Li, Jiajun Liao

et al.

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: May 1, 2024

How does the human brain construct cognitive maps for decision-making and inference? Here, we conduct an fMRI study on a navigation task in multidimensional abstract spaces. Using deep neural network model, assess learning levels categorized paths into exploration exploitation stages. Univariate analyses show higher activation bilateral hippocampus lateral prefrontal cortex during exploration, positively associated with level response accuracy. Conversely, orbitofrontal (OFC) retrosplenial exploitation, negatively Representational similarity analysis that hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, OFC more accurately represent destinations than These findings highlight collaboration between medial temporal lobe space structures. The may be involved spatial memory formation representation, while integrates sensory information

Language: Английский

Citations

5
The effects of mnemonic variability and spacing on memory over multiple timescales DOI
Emily T. Cowan, Yiwen Zhang, Benjamin M. Rottman

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(12)

Published: March 12, 2024

The memory benefit that arises from distributing learning over time rather than in consecutive sessions is one of the most robust effects cognitive psychology. While prior work has mainly focused on repeated exposures to same information, real world, mnemonic content dynamic, with some pieces information staying stable while others vary. Thus, open questions remain about efficacy spacing effect face variability content. Here, two experiments, we investigated contributions and timescale intervals, ranging seconds days, long-term memory. For item memory, both intervals were beneficial for memory; however, was greater at shorter intervals. In contrast, associative repetition benefits only emerged absence variability. These results highlight a critical role effect, bringing this classic paradigm into more ecologically valid contexts.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Reaching the Goal: Superior Navigators in Late Adulthood Provide a Novel Perspective into Successful Cognitive Aging DOI Creative Commons

Ruojing Zhou,

Tuğçe Belge,

Thomas Wolbers

et al.

Topics in Cognitive Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 15 - 45

Published: May 18, 2022

Abstract Normal aging is typically associated with declines in navigation and spatial memory abilities. However, increased interindividual variability performance across various navigation/spatial tasks also evident advancing age. In this review paper, we shed the spotlight on those older individuals who exhibit exceptional, sometimes even youth‐like navigational/spatial Importantly, (1) showcase observations from existing studies that demonstrate superior late adulthood, (2) explore possible cognitive correlates neurophysiological mechanisms underlying these preserved abilities, (3) discuss potential link between navigators adulthood SuperAgers (older adults episodic memory). closing section, given lack of directly focus subpopulation, highlight several important directions future could look into to better understand characteristics factors enabling such successful aging.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Hippocampal Mechanisms Support Cortisol-Induced Memory Enhancements DOI Creative Commons
Brynn E. Sherman,

Bailey B. Harris,

Nicholas B. Turk‐Browne

et al.

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(43), P. 7198 - 7212

Published: Oct. 9, 2023

Stress can powerfully influence episodic memory, often enhancing memory encoding for emotionally salient information. These stress-induced enhancements stand at odds with demonstrations that stress and the stress-related hormone cortisol negatively affect hippocampus, a brain region important encoding. To resolve this apparent conflict determine whether how hippocampus supports under cortisol, we combined behavioral assays of associative high-resolution fMRI, pharmacological manipulation in within-participant, double-blinded procedure (in both sexes). Behaviorally, hydrocortisone promoted subjectively arousing, positive memories. Neurally, led to enhanced functional connectivity between hippocampal subregions, which predicted subsequent emotional associations. Cortisol also modified relationship representations memory: whereas signatures distinctiveness placebo, relative integration cortisol. Together, these data provide novel evidence human contains necessary machinery support

Language: Английский

Citations

10