Determinants of humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in solid cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Vaccine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 41(11), P. 1791 - 1798

Published: Feb. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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Tissue-specific sex differences in pediatric and adult immune cell composition and function

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 15, 2024

Sex-based differences in immune cell composition and function can contribute to distinct adaptive responses. Prior work has quantified these peripheral blood, but little is known about sex within human lymphoid tissues. Here, we characterized the phenotypes of cells from male female ex vivo tonsils evaluated their responses influenza antigens using an organoid approach. In a pediatric cohort, had more memory B compared direct after stimulation with live-attenuated not inactivated vaccine, produced higher influenza-specific antibody Sex biases were also observed adult different those measured children. Analysis blood vaccinated adults showed frequencies tissue homing CD4 T participants. Together, our data demonstrate that profiles are present vs. tissues respectively suggest may part explain response vaccines viruses.

Language: Английский

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Development of Next Generation Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and Variants of Concern

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 624 - 624

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

SARS-CoV-2 has caused the COVID-19 pandemic, with over 673 million infections and 6.85 deaths globally. Novel mRNA viral-vectored vaccines were developed licensed for global immunizations under emergency approval. They have demonstrated good safety high protective efficacy against Wuhan strain. However, emergence of highly infectious transmissible variants concern (VOCs) such as Omicron was associated considerable reductions in current vaccines. The development next-generation that could confer broad protection both strain VOCs is urgently needed. A bivalent vaccine encoding Spike proteins variant been constructed approved by US FDA. are instability require an extremely low temperature (-80 °C) storage transportation. also complex synthesis multiple chromatographic purifications. Peptide-based be relying on silico predictions to identify peptides specifying conserved B, CD4+ CD8+ T cell epitopes elicit long-lasting immune protection. These validated animal models early phase clinical trials demonstrate immunogenicity safety. Next-generation peptide formulations incorporate only naked peptides, but they costly synthesize production would generate extensive chemical waste. Continual recombinant immunogenic B achieved hosts E. coli or yeast. protein/peptide purification before administration. DNA might serve most effective low-income countries, since it does not need purification. construction plasmids carrying genes meant candidates representing antigenic regions rapidly developed. Poor overcome incorporation molecular adjuvants nanoparticles delivery.

Language: Английский

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Sex differences in the efficacy and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in residents of long-term care facilities: insights from the GeroCovid Vax study

Internal and Emergency Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(5), P. 1337 - 1347

Published: April 29, 2023

Despite the reported sex-related variations in immune response to vaccination, whether effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination differ by sex is still under debate, especially considering old vulnerable individuals, such as long-term care facilities (LTCFs) residents. This study aimed evaluate COVID-19 infections, adverse events, and humoral after a sample LTCF A total 3259 residents (71% females; mean age: 83.4 ± 9.2 years) were enrolled Italian-based multicenter GeroCovid Vax study. We recorded occurring during 7 days vaccine doses cases over 12 months post-vaccination. In subsample 524 (69% females), pre- post-vaccination trimeric S immunoglobulin G (Anti-S-IgG) measured through chemiluminescent assays at different time points. Only 12.1% vaccinated got follow-up, without any differences. Female more likely have local first dose (13.3% vs. 10.2%, p = 0.018). No other differences systemic for following recorded, well anti-S-IgG titer time. Among factors modifying 12-month titers, mobility limitations depressive disorder be associated with higher lower levels antibody response, respectively; significantly was observed males cardiovascular diseases females diabetes or cognitive disorders. The suggests that, among residents, effective regardless sex, yet sex-specific comorbidities influenced response. Local reactions common females.

Language: Английский

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Long-Term Exposure to Air Pollution and COVID-19 Vaccine Antibody Response in a General Population Cohort (COVICAT Study, Catalonia)

Environmental Health Perspectives, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 131(4)

Published: April 1, 2023

BACKGROUND: Ambient air pollution has been associated with COVID-19 disease severity and antibody response induced by infection.OBJECTIVES: We examined the association between long-term exposure to vaccine-induced response.METHODS: This study was nested in an ongoing population-based cohort, COVICAT, GCAT-Genomes for Life Catalonia, Spain, multiple follow-ups.We drew blood samples 2021 from 1,090 participants of 2,404 who provided 2020, we included 927 this analysis.We measured immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgG, IgA antibodies against five viral-target antigens, including receptor-binding domain (RBD), spike-protein (S), segment (S2) triggered vaccines available Spain.We estimated prepandemic (2018-2019) fine particulate matter [PM ≤2:5 lm aerodynamic diameter (PM 2:5 )], nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), black carbon (BC), ozone (O 3 ) using Effects Low-Level Air Pollution: A Study Europe (ELAPSE) models.We adjusted estimates individual-and area-level covariates, time since vaccination, vaccine doses type stratified infection status.We used generalized additive models explore relationship according days vaccination.RESULTS: Among vaccinated persons not infected SARS-CoV-2 (n = 632), higher levels were a lower IgM (1 month post vaccination) IgG.Percentage change geometric mean IgG per interquartile range PM (1:7 lg=m -8:1 (95% CI: -15:9, 0.4) RBD, -9:9 (-16:2, -3:1) S, -8:4 (-13:5, -3:0) S2.We observed similar pattern NO BC inverse O .Differences persisted vaccination.We did observe among prior 295).DISCUSSION: Exposure response.The implications on risk breakthrough infections require further investigation.

Language: Английский

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