Environmental Science and Ecotechnology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
20, P. 100407 - 100407
Published: March 5, 2024
Mismanaged
plastics,
upon
entering
the
environment,
undergo
degradation
through
physicochemical
and/or
biological
processes.
This
process
often
results
in
formation
of
microplastics
(MPs),
most
prevalent
form
plastic
debris
(<1
mm).
MPs
pose
severe
threats
to
aquatic
and
terrestrial
ecosystems,
necessitating
innovative
strategies
for
effective
remediation.
Some
photosynthetic
microorganisms
can
degrade
but
there
lacks
a
comprehensive
review.
Here
we
examine
specific
role
photoautotrophic
water
soil
environments
biodegradation
focussing
on
their
unique
ability
grow
persistently
diverse
polymers
under
sunlight.
Notably,
these
cells
utilise
light
CO2
produce
valuable
compounds
such
as
carbohydrates,
lipids,
proteins,
showcasing
multifaceted
environmental
benefits.
We
address
key
scientific
questions
surrounding
utilisation
nanoplastics
(NPs)
bioremediation,
discussing
potential
engineering
enhanced
efficacy.
Our
review
highlights
significance
alternative
biomaterials
exploration
strains
expressing
enzymes,
polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET)
hydrolases,
conjunction
with
microalgal
cyanobacterial
metabolisms.
Furthermore,
delve
into
promising
photo-biocatalytic
approaches,
emphasising
coupling
sunlight
exposure.
The
integration
microalgal-bacterial
consortia
is
explored
biotechnological
applications
against
NPs
pollution,
synergistic
effects
wastewater
treatment
absorption
nitrogen,
heavy
metals,
phosphorous,
carbon.
In
conclusion,
this
provides
overview
current
state
research
use
bioremediation.
It
underscores
need
continued
investigation
development
approaches
tackle
global
issue
pollution
ecosystems.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(1), P. 593 - 593
Published: Jan. 2, 2024
Plastic
production
has
increased
dramatically,
leading
to
accumulated
plastic
waste
in
the
ocean.
Marine
plastics
can
be
broken
down
into
microplastics
(<5
mm)
by
sunlight,
machinery,
and
pressure.
The
accumulation
of
organisms
release
additives
adversely
affect
health
marine
organisms.
Biodegradation
is
one
way
address
pollution
an
environmentally
friendly
manner.
microorganisms
more
adapted
fluctuating
environmental
conditions
such
as
salinity,
temperature,
pH,
pressure
compared
with
terrestrial
microorganisms,
providing
new
opportunities
pollution.
Pseudomonadota
(Proteobacteria),
Bacteroidota
(Bacteroidetes),
Bacillota
(Firmicutes),
Cyanobacteria
were
frequently
found
on
biofilms
may
degrade
plastics.
Currently,
diverse
plastic-degrading
bacteria
are
being
isolated
from
environments
offshore
deep
oceanic
waters,
especially
Pseudomonas
spp.
Bacillus
Alcanivoras
Actinomycetes.
Some
fungi
algae
have
also
been
revealed
degraders.
In
this
review,
we
focused
advances
biodegradation
their
enzymes
(esterase,
cutinase,
laccase,
etc.)
involved
process
polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET),
polystyrene
(PS),
(PE),
polyvinyl
chloride
(PVC),
polypropylene
(PP)
highlighted
need
study
sea.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
57(37), P. 13901 - 13911
Published: Sept. 8, 2023
Polyethylene
(PE)
is
the
most
widely
produced
synthetic
polymer
and
abundant
plastic
waste
worldwide
due
to
its
recalcitrance
biodegradation
low
recycle
rate.
Microbial
degradation
of
PE
has
been
reported,
but
underlying
mechanisms
are
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
isolated
a
Rhodococcus
strain
A34
from
609
day
enriched
cultures
derived
naturally
weathered
identified
potential
key
enzymes.
After
30
days
incubation
with
A34,
1%
weight
loss
was
achieved.
Decreased
molecular
weight,
appearance
C-O
C═O
on
PE,
palmitic
acid
in
culture
supernatant,
pits
surface
were
observed.
Proteomics
analysis
multiple
oxidation
depolymerization
enzymes
including
one
multicopper
oxidase,
lipase,
six
esterase,
few
lipid
transporters.
Network
proteomics
data
demonstrated
close
relationships
between
metabolisms
phenylacetate,
amino
acids,
secondary
metabolites,
tricarboxylic
cycles.
The
metabolic
roadmap
generated
here
provides
critical
insights
for
optimization
condition
assembly
artificial
microbial
communities
efficient
degradation.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(4), P. 3877 - 3877
Published: Feb. 15, 2023
The
accumulation
of
synthetic
plastic
waste
in
the
environment
has
become
a
global
concern.
Microbial
enzymes
(purified
or
as
whole-cell
biocatalysts)
represent
emerging
biotechnological
tools
for
circularity;
they
can
depolymerize
materials
into
reusable
building
blocks,
but
their
contribution
must
be
considered
within
context
present
management
practices.
This
review
reports
on
prospective
bio-recycling
framework
Europe.
Available
biotechnology
support
polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET)
recycling.
However,
PET
represents
only
≈7%
unrecycled
waste.
Polyurethanes,
principal
fraction,
together
with
other
thermosets
and
more
recalcitrant
thermoplastics
(e.g.,
polyolefins)
are
next
plausible
target
enzyme-based
depolymerization,
even
if
this
process
is
currently
effective
ideal
polyester-based
polymers.
To
extend
to
circularity,
optimization
collection
sorting
systems
should
feed
chemoenzymatic
technologies
treatment
mixed
In
addition,
new
bio-based
lower
environmental
impact
comparison
approaches
developed
(available
new)
materials,
that
designed
required
durability
being
susceptible
action
enzymes.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
57(20), P. 7867 - 7874
Published: May 9, 2023
Oxidative
decomposition
of
polystyrene
(PS)
by
insects
has
been
previously
demonstrated,
yet
little
is
known
about
the
oxidation
mechanism
and
its
effect
on
metabolism
plastics
within
insect
gut.
Here,
we
demonstrate
generation
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
in
gut
superworms
(Zophobas
atratus
larvae)
under
different
feeding
trails,
which
turn
induced
oxidative
ingested
PS.
The
ROS
were
commonly
generated
larva
gut,
PS
consumption
resulted
a
significant
increase
with
maximum
·OH
51.2
μmol/kg,
was
five
times
higher
than
bran
group.
Importantly,
scavenging
significantly
decreased
depolymerization
PS,
indicating
vital
role
effective
degradation
superworms.
Further
investigation
suggested
that
caused
combinatorial
extracellular
oxidases
microbes.
These
results
extensively
produced
intestinal
microenvironment
larvae,
greatly
favored
digestion
bio-refractory
polymers.
This
work
provides
new
insights
into
underlying
biochemical
mechanisms
plastic
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: June 3, 2024
Abstract
Plastic
waste
is
an
environmental
challenge,
but
also
presents
a
biotechnological
opportunity
as
unique
carbon
substrate.
With
modern
tools,
it
possible
to
enable
both
recycling
and
upcycling.
To
realize
plastics
bioeconomy,
significant
intrinsic
barriers
must
be
overcome
using
combination
of
enzyme,
strain,
process
engineering.
This
article
highlights
advances,
challenges,
opportunities
for
variety
common
plastics.
Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
18(6)
Published: April 30, 2024
Abstract
Insects
damaging
and
penetrating
plastic
packaged
materials
has
been
reported
since
the
1950s.
Radical
innovation
breakthroughs
of
biodegradation
have
initiated
discovery
plastics
by
Tenebrio
molitor
larvae
in
2015
followed
Galleria
mellonella
2017.
Here
we
review
updated
studies
on
insect-mediated
plastics.
Plastic
insect
larvae,
mainly
some
species
darkling
beetles
(Tenebrionidae)
pyralid
moths
(Pyralidae)
is
currently
a
highly
active
potentially
transformative
area
research.
Over
past
eight
years,
publications
increased
explosively,
including
discoveries
ability
different
to
biodegrade
plastics,
performance,
contribution
host
microbiomes,
impacts
polymer
types
their
physic-chemical
properties,
responsible
enzymes
secreted
gut
microbes.
To
date,
almost
all
major
polyethylene
(PE),
polypropylene
(PP),
polyvinyl
chloride
(PVC),
terephthalate
(PET),
polyurethane
(PUR),
polystyrene
(PS)
can
be
biodegraded
T.
ten
other
representing
Tenebrionidae
Pyralidae
families.
The
processes
are
symbiotic
reactions
or
performed
synergistic
efforts
both
gut-microbes
rapidly
depolymerize
with
hourly
half-lives.
digestive
ezymens
bioreagents
screted
insects
play
an
essential
role
plasatic
certain
New
research
itself,
transcriptomes,
proteomes
metabolomes
evaluated
mechanisms
insects.
We
conclude
this
discussing
future
perspectives
