Rapid presynaptic maturation in naturally regenerating axons of the adult mouse olfactory nerve

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 41(10), P. 111750 - 111750

Published: Dec. 1, 2022

Successful neuronal regeneration requires the reestablishment of synaptic connectivity. This process reconstitution presynaptic neurotransmitter release, which we investigate here in a model entirely natural regeneration. After toxin-induced injury, olfactory sensory neurons adult mouse epithelium can regenerate fully, sending axons via nerve to reestablish contact with postsynaptic partners bulb. Using electrophysiological recordings acute slices, find that, after initial recontact, functional connectivity this system is rapidly established. Reconnecting terminals have almost mature properties, including high release probability and strong capacity for inhibition. Release then matures quickly, rendering reestablished functionally indistinguishable from controls just 1 week contact. These data show that successful mammalian brain "plug-and-play" process, undergoing rapid phase maturation as they reintegrate into target networks.

Language: Английский

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Regional deficits in endogenous regeneration of mouse olfactory sensory neuron axons

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 7, 2024

Abstract Postnatal neurogenesis occurs in only a few regions of the mammalian nervous system. Hence, neurons that are lost due to neurodegenerative disease, stroke, traumatic brain injury or peripheral neuropathy cannot be replaced. Transplantation stem cell-derived provides potential replacement strategy, but how these can encouraged functionally integrate into circuits remains significant challenge. In olfactory epithelium (OE), sensory (OSNs) continue generated throughout life from basal cells and repopulated even after complete ablation. However, specialized population navigator OSNs ensures accurate odorant receptor-specific targeting OSN axons glomeruli bulb (OB) is present perinatally. Despite this, some studies have reported regeneration specific glomeruli, while others found various degrees recovery, following cell death. Variability extent both initial ablation subsequent repopulation OE, focus on anatomical leave which newly reinnervate OB unclear. Here, we employed olfactotoxic drug methimazole selectively ablate without damaging generate them, enabling us assess functional recovery input context repopulation. We profound deficits odor-evoked responses glomerular layer dorsal five weeks ablation, time point at known OE. Histological analysis mature 10 20 post-methimazole showed persistent region-specific deficit axon reinnervation OB, with dorsomedial region being particularly adversely affected. contrast, ventral, lateral medial was almost by post-MMZ. identified mouse sets stage identify mechanisms mediate successful vs. unsuccessful axonal an endogenous neurons.

Language: Английский

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Post-exposure intranasal IFNα suppresses replication and neuroinvasion of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus within olfactory sensory neurons

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 30, 2023

ABSTRACT Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus ( VEEV) may enter the central nervous system (CNS) within olfactory sensory neurons (OSN) that originate in nasal cavity after intranasal exposure. While it is known VEEV has evolved several mechanisms to inhibit type I interferon (IFN) signaling infected cells, whether this inhibits virologic control during neuroinvasion along OSN not been studied. Here, we utilized an established murine model of infection with assess cellular targets and IFN responses We found immature OSN, which express higher levels receptor LDLRAD3 than mature are first cells by VEEV. Despite rapid exposure, neuroepithelium (ONE) bulb (OB) responses, as assessed evaluation expression genes (ISG), delayed for up 48 hours neuroinvasion, representing a potential therapeutic window. Indeed, single dose recombinant IFNα triggers early ISG both OB. When administered at time or infection, treatment onset sequelae associated encephalitis extended survival days. replication was also transiently suppressed ONE, inhibited subsequent invasion into CNS. Our results demonstrate critical promising human encephalitic alphavirus exposures. AUTHOR SUMMARY (VEEV) brain through upon The normally displays brisk antiviral immune thus unclear why exposure leads fatal infection. Using identified initial site hours. Thus, administration improved viral replication, cavity,

Language: Английский

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Detection of Male Olfactory Information by Female Goats: A Calcium Imaging Approach

Springer eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 165 - 176

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Cell type- and layer-specific plasticity of olfactory bulb interneurons following olfactory sensory neuron ablation

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 9, 2024

Abstract Lifelong neurogenesis endows the mouse olfactory system with a capacity for regeneration that is unique in mammalian nervous system. Throughout life, sensory neurons (OSNs) are generated from epithelium (OE) stem cells nose, while subventricular zone generates neuroblasts migrate to bulb (OB) and differentiate into multiple populations of inhibitory interneurons. Methimazole (MMZ) selectively ablates OSNs, but OE enables OSN repopulation gradual recovery input OB within six weeks. However, it not known how interneurons affected by this loss subsequent following MMZ treatment. We found dopaminergic neuron density was significantly reduced 7-14 days post-MMZ recovered substantially at 35 days. The parvalbumin-expressing unaffected MMZ; however, their soma size post-MMZ, recovering Surprisingly, we transient increase calretinin-expressing glomerular external plexiform layers, granule cell layer, 7 post-MMZ. This could be accounted increased may result calretinin expression. At time points, all three layers showed 14 baseline Together, our data demonstrate type- layer-specific changes interneuron morphology after treatment, providing new insight range plasticity mechanisms employed circuits during input.

Language: Английский

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Recent odor experience selectively modulates olfactory sensitivity across the glomerular output in the mouse olfactory bulb

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 23, 2024

Abstract Although animals can reliably locate and recognize odorants embedded in complex environments, the neural circuits for accomplishing these tasks remain incompletely understood. Adaptation is likely to be important as it could allow neurons a brain area adjust broader sensory environment. Adaptive processes must flexible enough make dynamic adjustments, while maintaining sufficient stability so that organisms do not forget olfactory associations. Processing within mouse bulb involved generating adaptation, although there are conflicting models of how transforms glomerular output bulb. Here we performed 2-photon Ca 2+ imaging from mitral/tufted glomeruli awake mice determine time course recovery whether acts broadly or selectively across population. Individual responses, well overall population odor representation was similar sessions. However, odor-concentration pairings presented with interstimulus intervals upwards 30-s evoked heterogeneous adaptation concentration-dependent. We demonstrate this form unrelated variations respiration, receptor neuron measurements indicate unlikely inherited periphery. Our results transmit stable representations, but recent experiences shape responsiveness 30 seconds. propose non-uniform making adjustments environments.

Language: Английский

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Neuroanatomy of the Accessory Olfactory Bulb in the Fossorial Water Vole

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 12, 2024

Abstract The accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) plays a key role in processing chemical signals crucial for species-specific social and reproductive behaviors. While extensive research has focused on the vomeronasal system of laboratory rodents, less is known about wild species, particularly those that rely heavily communication. This study aims to characterize morphological neurochemical organization AOB fossorial water vole ( Arvicola scherman ), subterranean rodent species from family Cricetidae. We have employed histological techniques, including Nissl hematoxylin staining, as well immunohistochemical lectin-histochemical markers, assess structure. Our findings reveal exhibits distinct laminar with prominent mitral cells mitral-plexiform layer, dense labeling periglomerular short-axon glomerular layer. Lectin histochemistry further confirmed zonation patterns analogous seen other species. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated significant expression PGP 9.5, suggesting its involvement maintaining neuronal activity within AOB. In contrast, absence SMI-32 AOB, compared strong main bulb, highlights functional distinctions between these two subsystems. These structural characteristics suggest adapted enhanced chemosensory signals, which may play pivotal lifestyle. results provide foundation future studies exploring implications adaptations, potential improvements integrated management populations.

Language: Английский

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A Protocol for Neuralized Murine Olfactory Organoids

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 31, 2024

Abstract Chronic olfactory dysfunction can be associated with parkinsonism, dementia, demyelinating disorders and schizophrenia. The epithelium (OE) represents an interface between the environment central nervous system. Mounting evidence implicates environmental factors in neurodegenerative disease processes, necessitating investigations into their interactions host’s genome. In Parkinson disease, hyposmia often precedes motor symptoms, raising possibility that OE could involved initiation. We previously demonstrated abundant α-synuclein expression mammalian as well aggregate formation nerve. Current vitro models of are limited, relying primarily on post-mitotic cultures established from biopsies. To address this gap, we present a method for generating organoids adult mice. These comprise neuronal non-neuronal cell types, including sustentacular cells, thus encompassing structural elements situ . Expression sensory neuron marker OMP Parkinson’s-linked was also detected organoids, highlighting potential usefulness to mechanistic research. were kept culture up 3 weeks. addition, inoculated neurotropic vesicular stomatitis virus model infections. conclude organoid system offers new platform studying airborne genetically defined host; this, study biology enable exploration processes within tissue.

Language: Английский

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The Accessory Olfactory Bulb in Arvicola scherman: A Neuroanatomical Study in a Subterranean Mammal

Animals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(22), P. 3285 - 3285

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

The accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) processes chemical signals crucial for species-specific socio-sexual behaviors. There is limited information about the AOB of wild rodents, and this study aims to characterize neurochemical organization in fossorial water vole (Arvicola scherman), a subterranean Cricetidae rodent. We employed histological, immunohistochemical, lectin-histochemical techniques. these voles exhibits distinct laminar organization, with prominent mitral cells dense population periglomerular cells. Lectin histochemistry G-protein immunohistochemistry confirmed existence an antero-posterior zonation. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated significant expression PGP 9.5, suggesting its involvement maintaining neuronal activity within AOB. In contrast, absence SMI-32 labelling AOB, compared strong main bulb, highlights functional distinctions between two subsystems. Calcium-binding proteins allowed characterization atypical sub-bulbar nuclei topographically related All features suggest that Arvicola scherman adapted enhanced processing chemosensory signals, which may play pivotal role lifestyle. Our results provide foundation future studies exploring implications adaptations, including potential improvements management populations.

Language: Английский

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Odorat et virus respiratoires :une relation révélée par la Covid-19

médecine/sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 39(2), P. 119 - 128

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

L’odorat, sens pendant longtemps sous-estimé chez l’homme, a été mis sur le devant de la scène par sa soudaine disparition, survenue pandémie Covid-19, dont l’anosmie est un des symptômes majeurs. Pourtant, depuis longtemps, les virus respiratoires ont associés aux troubles l’odorat, 25 % seraient liés à une infection virale. L’olfaction débute dans nez, au sein d’un épithélium olfactif qui particularité contenir neurones en contact direct avec l’environnement. Plusieurs sont connus pour leur capacité réplicative cet épithélium. C’est notamment cas du grippe ( influenza ) et bronchiolite (VRS, respiratoire syncytial), mais tropisme ce tissu bien moindre que celui SARS-CoV-2. La physiopathologie cavité nasale permis commencer comprendre liens existant entre virale l’olfaction.

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