Biomarkers for warfighter safety and performance in hot and cold environments DOI Creative Commons
Jason Lee, Beverly Tan, Boris Kingma

et al.

Journal of science and medicine in sport, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 26, P. S71 - S78

Published: Dec. 23, 2022

Exposure to extreme environmental heat or cold during military activities can impose severe thermal strain, leading impairments in task performance and increasing the risk of exertional (including stroke) injuries that be life-threatening. Substantial individual variability physiological tolerance stress necessitates an individualized approach mitigate deleterious effects stress, such as monitoring strain. During exposure, measurements deep-body (Tc) skin temperatures heart rate provide some indication Combining these variables with biomechanical markers gait (in)stability may further insight on central nervous system dysfunction – key criterion stroke (EHS). Thermal strain environments monitored temperature (peripheral proximal), shivering thermogenesis Tc. Non-invasive methods for real-time estimation Tc have been developed appear promising but require validation. Decision-support tools useful information planning biomarkers used improve their predictions, thus maximizing safety hot- cold-weather operations. With better understanding etiology pathophysiology EHS, microbiome inflammatory responses identified novel intolerance. This review aims (i) discuss selected (ii) how ensure operational readiness hot environments, (iii) present molecular (e.g., microbiome, cytokines) preventing EHS.

Language: Английский

Clostridium butyricum and carbohydrate active enzymes contribute to the reduced fat deposition in pigs DOI Creative Commons
Lingyan Ma, Shiyu Tao, Tongxing Song

et al.

iMeta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Pig gastrointestinal tracts harbor a heterogeneous and dynamic ecosystem populated with trillions of microbes, enhancing the ability host to harvest energy from dietary carbohydrates contributing adipogenesis fatness. However, microbial community structure related mechanisms responsible for differences between fatty phenotypes lean pigs remained be comprehensively elucidated. Herein, we first found significant in composition potential functional capacity among different gut locations Jinhua distinct fatness phenotypes. Second, identified that lower exhibited higher levels short-chain acids colon, highlighting their enhanced carbohydrate fermentation capacity. Third, explored expressed carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) pigs, indicating involvement modulating fat storage. Notably,

Language: Английский

Citations

42
Microbial-Derived Tryptophan Metabolites and Their Role in Neurological Disease: Anthranilic Acid and Anthranilic Acid Derivatives DOI Creative Commons
Claire Shaw, Matthias Hess, Bart C. Weimer

et al.

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 1825 - 1825

Published: July 17, 2023

The gut microbiome provides the host access to otherwise indigestible nutrients, which are often further metabolized by into bioactive components. can also shift balance of host-produced compounds, may alter health. One precursor metabolites is essential aromatic amino acid tryptophan. Tryptophan mostly shunted kynurenine pathway but primary metabolite for serotonin production and bacterial indole pathway. Balance between tryptophan-derived crucial neurological homeostasis metabolic imbalance trigger or exacerbate diseases. Alzheimer's, depression, schizophrenia have been linked diverging levels anthranilic, kynurenic, quinolinic acid. Anthranilic from collective metabolism plays a complex important role in systemic Although anthranilic its products great importance host-microbe interaction health, literature examining mechanistic relationships microbial production, regulation, diseases scarce at times conflicting. This narrative review an overview current understanding acid's health disease, with particular focus on contribution microbiome, gut-brain axis, involvement three major tryptophan pathways.

Language: Английский

Citations

31
Cold exposure, gut microbiota and health implications: A narrative review DOI
Erkai Zhou, Ling Zhang,

Li He

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 916, P. 170060 - 170060

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Intestinal mucosal microbiota mediate amino acid metabolism involved in the gastrointestinal adaptability to cold and humid environmental stress in mice DOI Creative Commons
Chenyang Zhang, Xinxin Peng, Yi Wu

et al.

Microbial Cell Factories, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Abstract Growing evidence has demonstrated that cold and humid environmental stress triggers gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. In this study, we explored the effects of intestinal microbiota homeostasis on mucus barrier GI disorders by stress. Moreover, inner link between mucosal metabolites in mice with was interpreted integrative analysis PacBio HiFi sequencing microbial genomics targeted metabolomics. current found (1) after wet intervened disorder respectively, bacterial culturing fluorescein diacetate (FDA) activity detection including feces, contents, mucosa suggested decreased colony culturable bacteria activity, which aggravated injury symptoms related to stress; (2) serum amino acid transferases such as glutamate pyruvic transa (GPT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) stressed increased significantly, indicating adapted regulating host's metabolism; (3) multi-omics illustrated a prediction model based Lactobacillus reuteri abundance host level can predict mucoprotein Muc2 an adjusted R2 75.0%. conclusion, regulates neurotransmitter acids metabolic function both adjusting composition dominant population , contributes caused

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Accurate models and nutritional strategies for specific oxidative stress factors: Does the dose matter in swine production? DOI Creative Commons
Changming Hong,

Yujian Huang,

Shuting Cao

et al.

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology/Journal of animal science and biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Oxidative stress has been associated with a number of physiological problems in swine, including reduced production efficiency. Recently, although there increased research into regulatory mechanisms and antioxidant strategies relation to oxidative stress-induced pig production, it remains so far largely unsuccessful develop accurate models nutritional for specific factors. Here, we discuss the dose intensity causes involving physiological, environmental dietary factors, recent provide theoretical guidance future swine.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Chronic cold environment regulates rheumatoid arthritis through modulation of gut microbiota-derived bile acids DOI

Juan Liu,

Fu Peng,

Hao Cheng

et al.

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 903, P. 166837 - 166837

Published: Sept. 9, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Decoding the role of the gut microbiome in gut-brain axis, stress-resilience, or stress-susceptibility: A review DOI

Ranjay Kumar Sah,

Amritasree Nandan,

K V Athira

et al.

Asian Journal of Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 91, P. 103861 - 103861

Published: Dec. 13, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

12
The Impact of Climate Change on Immunity and Gut Microbiota in the Development of Disease DOI Creative Commons
Pierluigi Rio, Mario Caldarelli, Antonio Gasbarrini

et al.

Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 118 - 118

Published: June 3, 2024

According to the definition provided by United Nations, “climate change” describes persistent alterations in temperatures and weather trends. These may arise naturally, such as fluctuations solar cycle. Nonetheless, since 19th century, human activities have emerged primary agent for climate change, primarily attributed combustion of fossil fuels coal, oil, gas. Climate change can potentially influence well-being, agricultural production, housing, safety, employment opportunities all individuals. The immune system is an important interface through which global affects health. Extreme heat, events environmental pollutants could impair both innate adaptive responses, promoting inflammation genomic instability, increasing risk autoimmune chronic inflammatory diseases. Moreover, has impact on soil gut microbiome composition, further explain changes health outcomes. This narrative review aims explore disease, focusing specifically its effects microbiota. Understanding how these factors contribute development physical mental illness allow design strategies aimed at reducing negative pollution

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Dietary-fat supplementation alleviates cold temperature-induced metabolic dysbiosis and barrier impairment by remodeling gut microbiota DOI
Wei He, Hongwei Ding,

Ye Feng

et al.

Food & Function, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 1443 - 1459

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

As important components of the mammalian diet and tissues, fats are involved in a variety biological processes addition to providing energy.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Dietary fat supplementation relieves cold temperature-induced energy stress through AMPK-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis in pigs DOI Creative Commons
Wei He, Xinyu Liu,

Ye Feng

et al.

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology/Journal of animal science and biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 8, 2024

Abstract Background Cold stress has negative effects on the growth and health of mammals, become a factor restricting livestock development at high latitudes plateaus. The gut-liver axis is central to energy metabolism, mechanisms by which it regulates host metabolism cold temperatures have rarely been illustrated. In this study, we evaluated status glycolipid oxidative in pigs based propose that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) key target for alleviating dietary fat supplementation. Results Dietary supplementation alleviated performance digestive enzymes, while hormonal homeostasis was also restored. Moreover, temperature exposure increased glucose transport jejunum. contrast, observed abnormalities lipid characterized accumulation bile acids ileum plasma. addition, results ileal metabolomic analysis were consistent with measurements jejunum, activity mitochondrial respiratory chain metabolism. As nexus state liver are inconsistent small intestine. Specifically, found liver, fully validates idea hormones can act regulate output. Additionally, inhibited glycolysis, but gluconeogenesis, acid cycling, Sustained activation AMPK, an receptor regulator, leads apoptosis liver; alleviates reducing AMPK phosphorylation. Conclusions reduced aggravated disorders damage pigs. improved temperature-induced through AMPK-mediated homeostasis. highlight importance supplementation-mediated alleviation response environmental changes.

Language: Английский

Citations

4