Global concurrent climate extremes exacerbated by anthropogenic climate change

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(10)

Published: March 10, 2023

Increases in concurrent climate extremes different parts of the world threaten ecosystem and our society. However, spatial patterns these their past future changes remain unclear. Here, we develop a statistical framework to test for dependence show widespread temperature precipitation observations model simulations, with more frequent than expected concurrence around world. Historical anthropogenic forcing has strengthened over 56% 946 global paired regions, particularly tropics, but not yet significantly affected during 1901–2020. The high-emissions pathway SSP585 will substantially amplify strength, intensity, extent both extremes, especially tropical boreal while mitigation SSP126 can ameliorate increase high-risk regions. Our findings inform adaptation strategies alleviate impact extremes.

Language: Английский

---

Sea level rise risks and societal adaptation benefits in low-lying coastal areas

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: June 23, 2022

Abstract Sea level rise (SLR) will increase adaptation needs along low-lying coasts worldwide. Despite centuries of experience with coastal risk, knowledge about the effectiveness and feasibility societal on scale required in a warmer world remains limited. This paper contrasts end-century SLR risks under two warming scenarios, for four settlement archetypes (Urban Atoll Islands, Arctic Communities, Large Tropical Agricultural Deltas, Resource-Rich Cities). We show that be substantially beneficial to continued habitability most settlements over this century, at least until RCP8.5 median is reached. However, diverse locations worldwide limits course indicating situations where even ambitious cannot sufficiently offset failure effectively mitigate greenhouse-gas emissions.

Language: Английский

---

Targeting climate adaptation to safeguard and advance the Sustainable Development Goals

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: June 23, 2022

The international community has committed to achieve 169 Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets by 2030 and enhance climate adaptation under the Paris Agreement. Despite potential for synergies, aligning SDG efforts is inhibited an inadequate understanding of complex relationship between impacts change. Here we propose a framework conceptualise how ecosystems socio-economic sectors mediate this relationship, which provides more nuanced change on all targets. Global application reveals that wetlands, rivers, cropland, construction, water, electricity, housing in most vulnerable countries required safeguard achievement 68% from near-term risk 2030. We discuss our can help align National Adaptation Plans with targets, thus ensuring advances, rather than detracts from, sustainable development.

Language: Английский

---

Facile and Widely Applicable Route to Self-Adaptive Emissivity Modulation: Energy-Saving Demonstration with Transparent Wood

Nano Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(2), P. 657 - 666

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

The cooling power provided by radiative is unwanted during cold hours. Therefore, self-adaptive regulation desired for cooling, especially in all-weather applications. However, current routes are constrained substrates and complicated processing. Here, on various potential (transparent wood, PET, normal glass, cement) was achieved a Fabry-Perot structure consisting of silver nanowires (AgNWs) bottom layer, PMMA spacer, W-VO

Language: Английский

---

Environmental Monitoring: A Comprehensive Review on Optical Waveguide and Fiber-Based Sensors

Biosensors, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 1038 - 1038

Published: Nov. 17, 2022

Globally, there is active development of photonic sensors incorporating multidisciplinary research. The ultimate objective to develop small, low-cost, sensitive, selective, quick, durable, remote-controllable that are resistant electromagnetic interference. Different sensor designs and advances in frameworks have shown the possibility realize these capabilities. In this review paper, latest developments field optical waveguide fiber-based which can serve for environmental monitoring discussed. Several important topics such as toxic gas, water quality, indoor environment, natural disaster reviewed.

Language: Английский

---

Embracing Nature-based Solutions to promote resilient marine and coastal ecosystems

Nature-Based Solutions, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3, P. 100044 - 100044

Published: Nov. 30, 2022

The world is struggling to limit greenhouse gas emissions and reduce the human footprint on nature. We therefore urgently need think about how achieve more with actions address mounting challenges for health wellbeing from biodiversity loss, climate change effects, unsustainable economic social development. Nature-based Solutions (NBS) have emerged as a systemic approach an important component of response these challenges. In marine coastal spaces, NBS can contribute improved environmental health, mitigation adaptation, sustainable blue economy, if implemented high standard. However, been largely studied terrestrial – particularly urban systems, limited uptake thus far in areas, despite abundance opportunities. Here, we provide explanations this lag propose following three research priorities advance NBS: (1) Improve understanding biodiversity-ecosystem services relationships support better designed rebuilding system resilience achieving desired ecological outcomes under change; (2) Provide scientific guidance where implement coordinate strategies projects facilitate their design, effectiveness, value through innovative synergistic actions; (3) Develop ways enhance communication, collaboration, ocean literacy stewardship raise awareness, co-create solutions stakeholders, boost public policy buy-in, potentially drive sustained investment. Research effort areas will help practitioners, policy-makers society embrace managing ecosystems tangible benefits people life.

Language: Английский

---

The existential risk space of climate change

Climatic Change, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 174(1-2)

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Climate change is widely recognized as a major risk to societies and natural ecosystems but the high end of risk, i.e., where risks become existential, poorly framed, defined, analyzed in scientific literature. This gap at odds with fundamental relevance existential for humanity, it also limits ability communities engage emerging debates narratives about dimension climate that have recently gained considerable traction. paper intends address this by scoping defining related change. We first review context change, drawing on research fields global catastrophic risks, key so-called Reasons Concern reports Intergovernmental Panel Change. consider how are framed civil society movement well what can be learned respect from COVID-19 crisis. To better frame we propose define them those threaten existence subject, subject an individual person, community, or nation state humanity. The threat their defined two levels severity: conditions (1) survival (2) basic human needs. A third level, well-being, commonly not part space risks. Our definition covers range different scales, which leads us into further six analytical dimensions: physical social processes involved, systems affected, magnitude, spatial scale, timing, probability occurrence. In conclusion, suggest clearer more precise framing such offer here facilitates analysis societal political discourse action.

Language: Английский

---

Status of global coastal adaptation

Nature Climate Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(11), P. 1213 - 1221

Published: Oct. 19, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Adaptation pathways for effective responses to climate change risks

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(4)

Published: March 7, 2024

Abstract Climate related changes are already affecting every area of our world and will increasingly do so as global warming increases, resulting in compounding cascading risks across multiple locations sectors. Deliberative processes anticipatory actions required to adapt the associated complex uncertain systemic risks, with dynamic long‐term planning needed even where there is limited knowledge effectiveness adaptation. In this focus article, we examine adaptation pathways developed for Europe Chapter IPCC AR6. We argue that illustrative built on quantitative qualitative assessment can inform manage increasing severity risks. find level increases diverge, leading radically different futures, example, responses sea rise. illustrate how measures interact trade‐offs, water scarcity. Although offer a useful framework address challenges, other supporting conditions successful implementation adaptation, such establishing legitimacy buy‐in through collaboration various actors effective governance. Ultimately, be more constrained warmer world, losses damages people nature. This article categorized under: Vulnerability Adaptation Change > Institutions The Social Status Knowledge Science Decision Making Assessing Impacts Evaluating Future Learning from Cases Analogies

Language: Английский

---

Utilizing machine learning and CMIP6 projections for short-term agricultural drought monitoring in central Europe (1900–2100)

Journal of Hydrology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 633, P. 130968 - 130968

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Water availability for agricultural practices is dynamically influenced by climatic variables, particularly droughts. Consequently, the assessment of drought events directly related to strategic water management in sector. The application machine learning (ML) algorithms different scenarios variables a new approach that needs be evaluated. In this context, current research aims forecast short-term i.e., SPI-3 from predictors under historical (1901–2020) and future (2021–2100) employing (bagging (BG), random forest (RF), decision table (DT), M5P) Hungary, Central Europe. Three meteorological stations namely, Budapest (BD) (central Hungary), Szeged (SZ) (east south Szombathely (SzO) (west Hungary) were selected agriculture Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI-3) long run. For purpose, ensemble means three global circulation models GCMs CMIP6 are being used get projected time series indicators (i.e., rainfall R, mean temperature T, maximum Tmax, minimum Tmin two socioeconomic pathways (SSP2-4.5 SSP4-6.0). results study revealed more severe extreme past decades, which increase near (2021–2040). Man-Kendall test (Tau) along with Sen's slope (SS) also an increasing trend period Tau = −0.2, SS −0.05, −0.12, −0.09 SSP2-4.5 −0.1, −0.08 SSP4-6.0. Implementation ML scenarios: SC1 (R + T Tmax Tmin), SC2 (R), SC3 T)) at BD station RF-SC3 lowest RMSE RFSC3-TR 0.33, highest NSE 0.89 performed best forecasting on dataset. Hence, was implemented remaining (SZ SzO) 1901 2100 Interestingly, forecasted SSP2-4.5, 0.34 0.88 SZ 0.87 SzO SSP2-4.5. our findings recommend using provide accurate predictions R projections. This could foster gradual shift towards sustainability improve resources. However, concrete plans still needed mitigate negative impacts 2028, 2030, 2031, 2034. Finally, validation RF prediction large dataset makes it significant use other studies facilitates making disaster strategies.

Language: Английский

---