Global and Regional Trends and Drivers of Fire Under Climate Change

Reviews of Geophysics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 60(3)

Published: April 11, 2022

Abstract Recent wildfire outbreaks around the world have prompted concern that climate change is increasing fire incidence, threatening human livelihood and biodiversity, perpetuating change. Here, we review current understanding of impacts on weather (weather conditions conducive to ignition spread wildfires) consequences for regional activity as mediated by a range other bioclimatic factors (including vegetation biogeography, productivity lightning) ignition, suppression, land use). Through supplemental analyses, present stocktake trends in burned area (BA) during recent decades, examine how relates its drivers. Fire controls annual timing fires most regions also drives inter‐annual variability BA Mediterranean, Pacific US high latitude forests. Increases frequency extremity been globally pervasive due 1979–2019, meaning landscapes are primed burn more frequently. Correspondingly, increases ∼50% or higher seen some extratropical forest ecoregions including high‐latitude forests 2001–2019, though interannual remains large these regions. Nonetheless, can override relationship between weather. For example, savannahs strongly patterns fuel production fragmentation naturally fire‐prone agriculture. Similarly, tropical relate deforestation rates degradation than changing Overall, has reduced 27% past two part decline African savannahs. According models, prevalence already emerged beyond pre‐industrial Mediterranean change, emergence will become increasingly widespread at additional levels warming. Moreover, several major wildfires experienced years, Australian bushfires 2019/2020, occurred amidst were considerably likely Current models incompletely reproduce observed spatial based their existing representations relationships controls, historical vary across models. Advances observation controlling supporting addition optimization processes exerting upwards pressure intensity weather, this escalate with each increment global Improvements better interactions climate, extremes, humans required predict future mitigate against consequences.

Language: Английский

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Scientists' warning on climate change and insects

Ecological Monographs, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 93(1)

Published: Nov. 7, 2022

Abstract Climate warming is considered to be among the most serious of anthropogenic stresses environment, because it not only has direct effects on biodiversity, but also exacerbates harmful other human‐mediated threats. The associated consequences are potentially severe, particularly in terms threats species preservation, as well preservation an array ecosystem services provided by biodiversity. Among affected groups animals insects—central components many ecosystems—for which climate change pervasive from individuals communities. In this contribution scientists' warning series, we summarize effect gradual global surface temperature increase insects, physiology, behavior, phenology, distribution, and interactions, increased frequency duration extreme events such hot cold spells, fires, droughts, floods these parameters. We warn that, if no action taken better understand reduce will drastically our ability build a sustainable future based healthy, functional ecosystems. discuss perspectives relevant ways conserve insects face change, offer several key recommendations management approaches that can adopted, policies should pursued, involvement general public protection effort.

Language: Английский

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Spatial and temporal expansion of global wildland fire activity in response to climate change

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: March 8, 2022

Abstract Global warming is expected to alter wildfire potential and fire season severity, but the magnitude location of change still unclear. Here, we show that climate largely determines present fire-prone regions their season. We categorize these according climatic characteristics into four classes, within general Boreal, Temperate, Tropical Arid zones. Based on model projections, assess modification in extent length at end 21st century. find due global warming, area with frequent conditions would increase by 29%, mostly Boreal (+111%) Temperate (+25%) zones, where there may also be a significant lengthening Our estimates expansion areas highlight large uneven impact Earth’s environment.

Language: Английский

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Impacts of climate change on the fate of contaminants through extreme weather events

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 909, P. 168388 - 168388

Published: Nov. 11, 2023

The direct impacts of climate change involve a multitude phenomena, including rising sea levels, intensified severe weather events such as droughts and flooding, increased temperatures leading to wildfires, unpredictable fluctuations in rainfall. This comprehensive review intends examine firstly the probable consequences on extreme drought, flood wildfire. subsequently examines release transformation contaminants terrestrial, aquatic, atmospheric environments response driven by change. While drought influence dynamics inorganic organic terrestrial aquatic environments, thereby influencing their mobility transport, wildfire results spread atmosphere. There is nascent awareness change's change-induced environmental scientific community decision-making processes. remediation industry, particular, lags behind adopting adaptive measures for managing contaminated affected events. However, recognizing need assessment represents pivotal first step towards fostering more practices management environments. We highlight urgency collaboration between chemists experts, emphasizing importance jointly assessing fate rigorous action augment risk strategies safeguard health our environment.

Language: Английский

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The contribution of wildfire to PM2.5 trends in the USA

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 622(7984), P. 761 - 766

Published: Sept. 20, 2023

Language: Английский

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Increasing frequency and intensity of the most extreme wildfires on Earth

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(8), P. 1420 - 1425

Published: June 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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Climate warming increases extreme daily wildfire growth risk in California

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 621(7980), P. 760 - 766

Published: Aug. 30, 2023

Language: Английский

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Global warming is shifting the relationships between fire weather and realized fire-induced CO2 emissions in Europe

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: June 20, 2022

Abstract Fire activity has significantly changed in Europe over the last decades (1980–2020s), with emergence of summers attaining unprecedented fire prone weather conditions. Here we report a significant shift non-stationary relationship linking conditions and intensity measured terms CO 2 emissions released during biomass burning across latitudinal gradient European IPCC regions. The reported trends indicate that global warming is possibly inducing an incipient change on regional dynamics towards increased impacts Europe, suggesting emerging risks posed by exceptional fire-weather danger may progressively exceed current wildfire suppression capabilities next impact forest carbon sinks.

Language: Английский

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Smart fire alarm systems for rapid early fire warning: Advances and challenges

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 450, P. 137927 - 137927

Published: July 5, 2022

Language: Английский

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Increasing aridity causes larger and more severe forest fires across Europe

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(6), P. 1648 - 1659

Published: Dec. 14, 2022

Area burned has decreased across Europe in recent decades. This trend may, however, reverse under ongoing climate change, particularly areas not limited by fuel availability (i.e. temperate and boreal forests). Investigating a novel remote sensing dataset of 64,448 fire events that occurred between 1986 2020, we find power-law relationship maximum size area burned, indicating large fires contribute disproportionally to activity Europe. We further show robust positive correlation summer vapor pressure deficit both (R2 = .19) burn severity .12). Europe's regimes are thus highly sensitive changes future climate, with the probability for extreme more than doubling end century. Our results suggest change will challenge current management approaches could undermine ability forests provide ecosystem services society.

Language: Английский

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