The paleoclimatic context for South American Triassic vertebrate evolution

Journal of South American Earth Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 110, P. 103321 - 103321

Published: April 4, 2021

Language: Английский

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Climatic controls on the ecological ascendancy of dinosaurs

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 33(1), P. 206 - 214.e4

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

The ascendancy of dinosaurs to become dominant components terrestrial ecosystems was a pivotal event in the history life, yet drivers their early evolution and biodiversity are poorly understood.1Brusatte S.L. Benton M.J. Ruta M. Lloyd G.T. first 50 Myr dinosaur evolution: macroevolutionary pattern morphological disparity.Biol. Lett. 2008; 4: 733-736https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2008.0441Crossref PubMed Scopus (105) Google Scholar,2Irmis R.B. Evaluating hypotheses for diversification dinosaurs.Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. 2010; 101: 397-426https://doi.org/10.1017/S1755691011020068Crossref (94) Scholar,3Benton Forth J. Langer M.C. Models rise dinosaurs.Curr. Biol. 2014; 24: R87-R95https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.11.063Abstract Full Text PDF (93) Scholar During Late Triassic, were initially rare geographically restricted, only attaining wider distributions greater abundance following end-Triassic mass extinction event.4Brusatte Superiority, competition, opportunism evolutionary radiation dinosaurs.Science. 321: 1485-1488https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1161833Crossref (334) Scholar,5Langer Ezcurra M.D. Bittencourt J.S. Novas F.E. origin dinosaurs.Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. 85: 55-110https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-185X.2009.00094.xCrossref (212) Scholar,6Langer Godoy P.L. So volcanoes created dinosaurs? quantitative characterization pan-aves.Front. Earth 2022; 10https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.899562Crossref (3) This is consistent with an opportunistic expansion model, initiated by co-occurring groups such as aetosaurs, rauisuchians, therapsids.4Brusatte Scholar,7Tucker M.E. Triassic environments, climates reptile evolution.Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 1982; 40: 361-379https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(82)90034-7Crossref (89) Scholar,8Benton Dinosaur success triassic: noncompetitive ecological model.Q. 1983; 58: 29-55Crossref (170) However, this could instead be response changes global climatic through Jurassic transition, especially given increasing evidence that climate played key role constraining distributions.7Tucker Scholar,9Whiteside J.H. Lindström S. Irmis Glasspool I.J. Schaller M.F. Dunlavey Nesbitt S.J. Smith N.D. Turner A.H. Extreme ecosystem instability suppressed tropical dominance 30 million years.Proc. Natl. Acad. USA. 2015; 112: 7909-7913https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1505252112Crossref (61) Scholar,10Bernardi Gianolla P. Petti F.M. Mietto linked Carnian pluvial episode.Nat. Commun. 2018; 9: 1499https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03996-1Crossref (87) Scholar,11Lovelace D.M. Hartman S.A. Mathewson P.D. Linzmeier B.J. Porter W.P. Modeling Dragons: using mechanistic physiological microclimate models explore environmental, physiological, constraints on dinosaurs.PLoS One. 2020; 15e0223872https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223872Crossref (8) Scholar,12Mancuso A.C. Benavente C.A. Mundil Evidence episode Gondwana: new multiproxy records bearing diversification.Gondwana Res. 86: 104-125https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2020.05.009Crossref (35) Scholar,13Mancuso Pedernera T.E. Gaetano L.C. Breeden III B.T. Paleoenvironmental biotic late triassic Argentina: testing abiotic forcing at basin scale.Front. 10https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.883788Crossref (4) Scholar,14Kent D.V. Clemmensen L.B. Northward dispersal from Gondwana Greenland mid-Norian (215–212 Ma, Triassic) dip atmospheric pCO2.Proc. 2021; 118e2020778118https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2020778118Crossref (16) Scholar,15Griffin C.T. Wynd B.M. Munyikwa D. Broderick T.J. Zondo Tolan Taruvinga H.R. Africa's oldest reveal suppression distribution.Nature. 609: 313-319https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05133-xCrossref Scholar,16Olsen Sha Fang Y. Chang C. Whiteside Kinney Sues H.-D. Kent Vajda V. Arctic ice dinosaurs.Sci. Adv. 8eabo6342https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abo6342Crossref (5) Here, we test hypothesis elucidate how influenced distribution quantitatively examining tetrapod "climatic niche space" across Triassic-Jurassic boundary. Statistical analyses show sauropodomorph occupied more restricted space than other tetrapods dinosaurs, being excluded hottest, low-latitude zones. A subsequent, earliest geographic preferred conditions. Evolutionary model-fitting provide important shift cooler warmer niches during Sauropoda. These results facilitated change support dinosaurs.

Language: Английский

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Impact of the Jenkyns Event (early Toarcian) on dinosaurs: Comparison with the Triassic/Jurassic transition

Earth-Science Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 234, P. 104196 - 104196

Published: Sept. 28, 2022

The Early Jurassic Jenkyns Event (∼183 Ma) was characterized in terrestrial environments by global warming, perturbation of the carbon cycle, enhanced weathering and wildfires. Heating acid rain on land caused a loss forests affected diversity composition plant assemblages rest trophic web. We suggest that Event, triggered activity Karoo-Ferrar Large Igneous Province, pivotal remodelling ecosystems, including plants dinosaurs. Macroplant palynological data show reductions richness conifers, cycadophytes, ginkgophytes, bennetitaleans, ferns, continuation seasonally dry warm conditions. Major changes occurred to sauropodomorph dinosaurs, with extinction diverse basal families formerly called ‘prosauropods’ as well some sauropods, diversification derived Eusauropoda Toarcian South America, Africa, Asia, wider new families, Mamenchisauridae, Cetiosauridae Neosauropoda (Dicraeosauridae Macronaria) Middle Jurassic, showing massive increase size feeding modes. Ornithischian dinosaurs patchy records; heterodontosaurids scelidosaurids disappeared, major clades (Stegosauridae, Ankylosauridae, Nodosauridae) emerged soon after Bajocian Bathonian worldwide. Among theropod Coelophysidae Dilophosauridae died out during theropods (Megalosauroidea, Allosauroidea, Tyrannosauroidea) this event substantial increases size. then crisis marked especially floral origins clades, increasing body Comparison end Triassic Mass Extinction helps understand incidence climatic driven large igneous provinces ecosystems their great impacts early dinosaur evolution.

Language: Английский

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Palaeobiology and osteohistology of South African sauropodomorph dinosaurs

Journal of Anatomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Abstract Several sauropodomorph dinosaurs have been excavated from the Elliot Formation (EF) of Southern Africa which include important taxa such as Massospondylus , Melanorosaurus and Antetonitrus . The study bone microstructure smaller, bipedal Sauropodomorpha larger, quadrupedal Sauropoda allow us to infer how growth dynamics changed during evolution gigantism. Historically, osteohistological studies tended focused on either early diverging (e.g. Plateosaurus & ) or derived (diplodocids titanosaurs), whereas transitionary groups (i.e. Sauropodiformes Sauropoda) are poorly known. Here, we assess palaeobiology two sauropodiformes an sauropod by analysing their histology. Thin sections long bones indeterminate NMQR 3314 1551, SAM–PK–K382 were prepared. general histology all three similar. Rapid through deposition fibrolamellar tissue characterised respective ontogenies. Lines arrested (LAGs) commonly located in mid outer cortex signalling onset uninterrupted growth. Differences these principally related pathological evident femur sauropodiform 1551 formation annuli around LAGs indet., well location compacta. number varied among but generally regions showed accumulation LAGs. our similar sauropods It appears that abundance at later ontogenetic stages likely key traits gigantism Sauropoda, supports occurrence a mosaic dynamic patterns Sauropodomorpha.

Language: Английский

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The oldest known co-occurrence of dinosaurs and their closest relatives: A new lagerpetid from a Carnian (Upper Triassic) bed of Brazil with implications for dinosauromorph biostratigraphy, early diversification and biogeography

Journal of South American Earth Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 91, P. 302 - 319

Published: Feb. 18, 2019

Language: Английский

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Skull remains of the dinosaur Saturnalia tupiniquim (Late Triassic, Brazil): With comments on the early evolution of sauropodomorph feeding behaviour

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. e0221387 - e0221387

Published: Sept. 6, 2019

Saturnalia tupiniquim is a sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Late Triassic (Carnian-c. 233 Ma) Santa Maria Formation of Brazil. Due to its phylogenetic position and age, it important for studies focusing on early evolution both dinosaurs sauropodomorphs. The osteology has been described in series papers, but cranial anatomy remains mostly unknown. Here, we describe skull bones one paratypes (only type-series possess such remains) based CT Scan data. newly elements allowed estimating length provide additional support presence reduced (i.e. two thirds femoral length) this taxon, as typical later Skull reduction could be related an increased efficiency predatory feeding behaviour, allowing fast movements head order secure small elusive prey, hypothesis also supported by data tooth brain morphology. A principal co-ordinates analysis jaw apparatus shows marked shifts morphospace occupation different stages first 30 million years their evolutionary history. One these observed between non-plateosaurian plateosaurian sauropodomorphs, suggesting that, despite having omnivorous diet, behaviour some Carnian Saturnalia, was markedly that taxa. second shift, Early Jurassic taxa, congruent with floral turnover across Triassic-Jurassic boundary.

Language: Английский

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Craniomandibular osteology ofMacrocollum itaquii(Dinosauria: Sauropodomorpha) from the Late Triassic of southern Brazil

Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 18(10), P. 805 - 841

Published: Nov. 12, 2019

Several new sauropodomorphs have been described in recent years, including the unaysaurid sauropodomorph Macrocollum itaquii (Late Triassic, Brazil). This study presents a detailed description of craniomandibular anatomy M. based on holotype, paratype and newly referred specimen. A phylogenetic analysis using an updated dataset is performed to test previous hypothesis regarding affinities this taxon its potential influence phylogeny Triassic Early Jurassic sauropodomorphs. The supported as member Unaysauridae. clade recovered basal-most group within Massopoda rather than sister Plateosauria. However, position (and unaysaurids) likely be highly labile due specific, transitional aspects anatomy. most recently discovered specimen, conjunction with other specimens, serve elucidate transition from slender basal more robust derived members group.

Language: Английский

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Uninterrupted growth in a non‐polar hadrosaur explains the gigantism among duck‐billed dinosaurs

Palaeontology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 63(4), P. 579 - 599

Published: Jan. 30, 2020

Abstract Duck‐billed dinosaurs (Hadrosauridae) were the most common ornithopods of Late Cretaceous. Second only to sauropods and in many cases exceeding sizes largest land mammals (such as indricotheres or proboscideans), they are among terrestrial herbivores have walked Earth. Despite their gigantic size, diversity abundance, growth strategies remain poorly understood. Here, we examine bone microstructure several Mongolian hadrosauroids varied adult sizes. The small middle‐sized species lines arrested ( LAG s). On other hand, one duck‐billed dinosaurs, Saurolophus angustirostris , shows uninterrupted growth, comparable with big hadrosaurs for which lack cyclical arrests was interpreted a result living polar region. Since both studied taxa inhabited warmer, continental, monsoon‐influenced environments Cretaceous Mongolia, propose that absence s is not climatic‐driven condition but rather connected animal's size (i.e. ontogeny). Our results show that, like sauropods, changed dynamics from continuous during evolution, made it possible them achieve body

Language: Английский

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Earliest evidence of herd-living and age segregation amongst dinosaurs

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Oct. 21, 2021

Sauropodomorph dinosaurs dominated the herbivorous niches during first 40 million years of dinosaur history (Late Triassic-Early Jurassic), yet palaeobiological factors that influenced their evolutionary success are not fully understood. For instance, knowledge on behaviour is limited, although herding in sauropodomorphs has been well documented derived sauropods from Late Jurassic and Cretaceous. Here we report an exceptional fossil occurrence Patagonia includes over 100 eggs skeletal specimens 80 individuals early sauropodomorph Mussaurus patagonicus, ranging embryos to fully-grown adults, with Early age as determined by high-precision U-Pb zircon geochronology. Most were found a restricted area stratigraphic interval, some articulated skeletons grouped clusters approximately same age. Our new discoveries indicate presence social cohesion throughout life age-segregation within herd structure, addition colonial nesting behaviour. These findings provide earliest evidence complex Dinosauria, predating previous records at least My. The sociality different lineages suggests possible Triassic origin this behaviour, which may have large terrestrial herbivores.

Language: Английский

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Sauropodomorph evolution across the Triassic–Jurassic boundary: body size, locomotion, and their influence on morphological disparity

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Nov. 18, 2021

Abstract Sauropodomorph dinosaurs were the dominant medium to large-sized herbivores of most Mesozoic continental ecosystems, being characterized by their long necks and reaching a size unparalleled other terrestrial animals (> 60 tonnes). Our study morphological disparity across entire skeleton shows that during Late Triassic oldest known sauropodomorphs occupied small region morphospace, subsequently diversifying both taxonomically ecologically, shifting different broader morphospace. After Triassic–Jurassic boundary event, there are no substancial changes in sauropodomorph morphospace occupation. Almost all Jurassic clades stem from ghost lineages cross boundary, indicating variations after extinction more related pre-existing (massospondylids, non-gravisaurian sauropodiforms) rather than emergence distinct or body plans. Modifications locomotion (bipedal quadrupedal) successive increase mass seem be main attributes driving distribution earliest Jurassic. The non-sauropod Toarcian subsequent diversification gravisaurian sauropods represent second expansion representing onset flourishing these megaherbivores dominated Middle assemblages.

Language: Английский

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