Agriculture and climate change are reshaping insect biodiversity worldwide

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 605(7908), P. 97 - 102

Published: April 20, 2022

Language: Английский

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Global effects of land-use intensity on local pollinator biodiversity

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: May 18, 2021

Abstract Pollinating species are in decline globally, with land use an important driver. However, most of the evidence on which these claims made is patchy, based studies low taxonomic and geographic representativeness. Here, we model effect land-use type intensity global pollinator biodiversity, using a local-scale database covering 303 studies, 12,170 sites, 4502 pollinating species. Relative to primary vegetation baseline, show that levels can have beneficial effects biodiversity. Within anthropogenic types however, increasing associated significant reductions, particularly urban (43% richness 62% abundance reduction compared least intensive sites), pasture (75% reduction) areas. We further cropland, strongly negative response restricted tropical areas, direction magnitude differs among groups. Our findings confirm widespread pollinators, significantly tropics, where predicted change rapidly.

Language: Английский

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Relationship of insect biomass and richness with land use along a climate gradient

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Oct. 12, 2021

Abstract Recently reported insect declines have raised both political and social concern. Although the been attributed to land use climate change, supporting evidence suffers from low taxonomic resolution, short time series, a focus on local scales, collinearity of identified drivers. In this study, we conducted systematic assessment populations in southern Germany, which showed that differences biomass richness are highly context dependent. We found largest difference between semi-natural urban environments (−42%), whereas total (−29%) threatened species (−56%) were agricultural environments. These results point urbanization agriculture as major drivers decline. also increase monotonously with increasing temperature, independent habitat. The contrasting patterns question these indicators mutual surrogates. Our study provides support for implementation more comprehensive measures aimed at habitat restoration order halt declines.

Language: Английский

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Global Protected Areas as refuges for amphibians and reptiles under climate change

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 13, 2023

Abstract Protected Areas (PAs) are the cornerstone of biodiversity conservation. Here, we collated distributional data for >14,000 (~70% of) species amphibians and reptiles (herpetofauna) to perform a global assessment conservation effectiveness PAs using distribution models. Our analyses reveal that >91% herpetofauna currently distributed in PAs, this proportion will remain unaltered under future climate change. Indeed, loss species’ ranges be lower inside than outside them. Therefore, effectively protected is predicted increase. However, over 7.8% occur large spatial gaps remain, mainly across tropical subtropical moist broadleaf forests, non-high-income countries. We also predict more 300 amphibian 500 reptile may go extinct change course ongoing century. study highlights importance providing with refuge from change, suggests ways optimize better conserve worldwide.

Language: Английский

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Identify priority protected areas for biodiversity conservation adapting to future climate and land cover changes

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 170, P. 113068 - 113068

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Grape Agrivoltaic System: Climate Modulation and Vine Benefits in the Puglia Region, Southeastern Italy

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 160 - 160

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Climate change poses significant challenges to agriculture, a sector with long-standing tradition in the Mediterranean basin. The region faces altered rainfall patterns, extreme temperatures, aridification, loss of biodiversity, and changes crop yield quality. These impacts, combined intensive farming practices, threaten long-term agricultural sustainability. This study investigates agrivoltaics (AVs), dual-use technology that integrates solar energy production (photovoltaic panels) as potential solution enhance resilience adaptation crops. Research at an AV system Puglia (Southeastern Italy), grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), assessed soil moisture, temperature, microclimate conditions together vine fruitfulness. Results showed shading from photovoltaic panels increased moisture moderated thus benefiting Vines beneath yielded more grapes (+277%) than full sun, confirmed by even better bud fruitfulness shaded canes. While had minimal impact on air they reduced wind speed vapor pressure deficit, creating microenvironment for vines. Spectral analysis revealed increase UV blue light under panels, potentially affecting photosynthesis. also produced substantial electricity, 90% compared ground-mounted system, demonstrating its application. higher land equivalent ratio (LER) achieved (3.54) such systems can be advantageous areas climate, allowing same land.

Language: Английский

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Extinction Risk Assessment of the Greek Endemic Flora

Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 195 - 195

Published: March 4, 2021

Human-induced biodiversity decline has been on the rise for past 250 years, due to various causes. What is equally troubling, that we are unaware which plants threatened and where they occur. Thus, far from reaching Aichi Biodiversity Target 2, i.e., assessing extinction risk of most species. To end, based an extensive occurrence dataset, performed assessment according IUCN Criteria A B all endemic plant taxa occurring in Greece, one biodiverse countries Europe, a phylogenetically-informed framework identified areas needing conservation prioritization. Several Greek endemics with fourteen need be prioritized, as evolutionary distinct globally endangered. Mt. Gramos important hotspot Greece. However, significant portion hotspots not included any designated protected area, meaning network might at least partially redesigned. In Anthropocene era, climate land-use change projected alter patterns may force many species extinction, our provides baseline future research, ecosystem services maintenance, prove crucial timely, systematic effective aversion extinctions

Language: Английский

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Plant Endemism Centres and Biodiversity Hotspots in Greece

Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 72 - 72

Published: Jan. 20, 2021

Biodiversity hotspots (BH) cover a small fraction of the Earth's surface, yet host numerous endemics. Human-induced biodiversity loss has been increasing worldwide, despite attempts to halt extinction crisis. There is thus an urgent need efficiently allocate available conservation funds in optimised prioritization scheme. Identifying BH and endemism centres (EC) therefore valuable tool planning. Even though Greece one most plant species-rich European countries, few studies have dealt with identification or EC none ever incorporated phylogenetic information extended national scale. Consequently, we are unaware extent that Special Areas Conservation (SAC) Natura 2000 network protect Greek diversity. Here, located for first time at scale framework, areas serving as EC, assessed effectiveness SAC safeguarding them. mainly near mountainous areas, supposedly floristically impoverished, such central Aegean islands. A critical re-assessment might be needed minimize risk endemics, by focusing efforts also on fall outside established SAC.

Language: Английский

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Local biodiversity change reflects interactions among changing abundance, evenness, and richness

Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 103(12)

Published: July 23, 2022

Biodiversity metrics often integrate data on the presence and abundance of multiple species. Yet our understanding covariation between changes to numbers individuals, evenness species relative abundances, total number remains limited. Using individual-based rarefaction curves, we show how expected positive relationships among in abundance, richness arise, they can break down. We then examined interdependencies more than 1100 assemblages sampled either through time or across space. As predicted, were greatest when changed same direction, countervailing acted constrain magnitude richness. Site-to-site differences evenness, decoupled, pairwise these components weak. In contrast, strongly correlated for varying time. Temporal local biodiversity showed greater inertia stronger component compared site-to-site variation. Overall, variation assemblage diversity was rarely due repeated passive samples from an approximately static distribution. Instead, changing abundances dominated diversity. Moreover, combined with frequently determined changes. Embracing provide new information better understand change Anthropocene.

Language: Английский

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Global impacts of edge effects on species richness

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 272, P. 109654 - 109654

Published: July 6, 2022

Language: Английский

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