The conservation of Afro‐Palaearctic migrants: What we are learning and what we need to know? DOI
Juliet A. Vickery, John W. Mallord, William M. Adams

et al.

Ibis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 165(3), P. 717 - 738

Published: Feb. 14, 2023

The global long‐term decline of migrant birds represents an important and challenging issue for conservation scientists practitioners. This review draws together recent research directed at the Afro‐Palaearctic flyway considers its implications conservation. greatest advances in knowledge have been made field tracking. These studies reveal many species to be highly dispersed non‐breeding season, suggesting that site‐level a small number locations will almost certainly limited value most species. Instead, widespread but ‘shallow’ land‐sharing solutions are likely more effective but, because any local changes Africa affect European populations, impact extremely difficult detect through monitoring breeding grounds. Targeted action boost productivity Europe may help halt declines some reversing is also require these approaches areas. retention or planting native trees humid arid zones within generic tool, especially if concentrated on favoured tree Overall, despite growing knowledge, we remain largely unable progress beyond general flyway‐level actions, such as maintaining suitable habitat across increasingly anthropogenic landscape generalists, targeted site‐based specialists stop‐over sites, protection from hunting, individual species‐level solutions. We assess cost‐effectiveness specific action, mainly uncertainty around how populations affected by conditions during passage grounds, well efficacy implementation particularly For develop implement conservation, scientific need better integrated with each other implemented full annual cycle. However, urge immediate use available rather than waiting complete understanding, combined adaptive management flyway.

Language: Английский

Scientists' warning on climate change and insects DOI
Jeffrey A. Harvey, Kévin Tougeron, Rieta Gols

et al.

Ecological Monographs, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 93(1)

Published: Nov. 7, 2022

Abstract Climate warming is considered to be among the most serious of anthropogenic stresses environment, because it not only has direct effects on biodiversity, but also exacerbates harmful other human‐mediated threats. The associated consequences are potentially severe, particularly in terms threats species preservation, as well preservation an array ecosystem services provided by biodiversity. Among affected groups animals insects—central components many ecosystems—for which climate change pervasive from individuals communities. In this contribution scientists' warning series, we summarize effect gradual global surface temperature increase insects, physiology, behavior, phenology, distribution, and interactions, increased frequency duration extreme events such hot cold spells, fires, droughts, floods these parameters. We warn that, if no action taken better understand reduce will drastically our ability build a sustainable future based healthy, functional ecosystems. discuss perspectives relevant ways conserve insects face change, offer several key recommendations management approaches that can adopted, policies should pursued, involvement general public protection effort.

Language: Английский

Citations

331
Friend or Foe? The Role of Animal-Source Foods in Healthy and Environmentally Sustainable Diets DOI Creative Commons
Ty Beal, Christopher D. Gardner, Mario Herrero

et al.

Journal of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 153(2), P. 409 - 425

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Scientific and political discussions around the role of animal-source foods (ASFs) in healthy environmentally sustainable diets are often polarizing. To bring clarity to this important topic, we critically reviewed evidence on health environmental benefits risks ASFs, focusing primary trade-offs tensions, summarized alternative proteins protein-rich foods. ASFs rich bioavailable nutrients commonly lacking globally can make contributions food nutrition security. Many populations Sub-Saharan Africa South Asia could benefit from increased consumption through improved nutrient intakes reduced undernutrition. Where is high, processed meat should be limited, red saturated fat moderated lower noncommunicable disease risk-this also have cobenefits for sustainability. ASF production generally has a large impact; yet, when produced at appropriate scale accordance with local ecosystems contexts, play an circular diverse agroecosystems that, certain circumstances, help restore biodiversity degraded land mitigate greenhouse gas emissions production. The amount type that will depend context priorities change over time as develop, nutritional concerns evolve, new technologies become more available acceptable. Efforts by governments civil society organizations increase or decrease considered light needs and, importantly, integrally involve stakeholders impacted any changes. Policies, programs, incentives needed ensure best practices production, curb excess where sustainably low.

Language: Английский

Citations

124
Protected areas and the future of insect conservation DOI Creative Commons
Shawan Chowdhury, Michael D. Jennions, Myron P. Zalucki

et al.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 38(1), P. 85 - 95

Published: Oct. 5, 2022

Anthropogenic pressures are driving insect declines across the world. Although protected areas (PAs) play a prominent role in safeguarding many vertebrate species from human-induced threats, insects not widely considered when designing PA systems or building strategies for management. We review effectiveness of PAs conservation and find substantial taxonomic geographic gaps knowledge. Most research focuses on representation species, few studies assess threats to that effective management can conservation. propose four-step agenda help ensure central efforts expand global network under Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework.

Language: Английский

Citations

89
A framework for the detection and attribution of biodiversity change DOI Creative Commons
Andrew Gonzalez, Jonathan M. Chase, Mary I. O’Connor

et al.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 378(1881)

Published: May 29, 2023

The causes of biodiversity change are great scientific interest and central to policy efforts aimed at meeting targets. Changes in species diversity high rates compositional turnover have been reported worldwide. In many cases, trends detected, but these rarely causally attributed possible drivers. A formal framework guidelines for the detection attribution is needed. We propose an inferential guide analyses, which identifies five steps—causal modelling, observation, estimation, attribution—for robust attribution. This workflow provides evidence relation hypothesized impacts multiple potential drivers can eliminate putative from contention. encourages a reproducible statement confidence about role after methods trend deployed. Confidence requires that data analyses used all steps follow best practices reducing uncertainty each step. illustrate with examples. could strengthen bridge between science support effective actions halt loss this has on ecosystems. article part theme issue ‘Detecting attributing change: needs, gaps solutions’.

Language: Английский

Citations

77
Weather explains the decline and rise of insect biomass over 34 years DOI
Jörg Müller, Torsten Hothorn, Ye Yuan

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 628(8007), P. 349 - 354

Published: Sept. 27, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

70
Convergence of dominance and neglect in flying insect diversity DOI Creative Commons
Amrita Srivathsan, Ang Y, John M. Heraty

et al.

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(7), P. 1012 - 1021

Published: May 18, 2023

Most of arthropod biodiversity is unknown to science. Consequently, it has been unclear whether insect communities around the world are dominated by same or different taxa. This question can be answered through standardized sampling followed estimation species diversity and community composition with DNA barcodes. Here this approach applied flying insects sampled 39 Malaise traps placed in five biogeographic regions, eight countries numerous habitats (>225,000 specimens belonging >25,000 458 families). We find that 20 families (10 Diptera) account for >50% local regardless clade age, continent, climatic region habitat type. Consistent differences family-level dominance explain two-thirds variation despite massive levels turnover, most (>97%) top encountered at a single site only. Alarmingly, dominate 'dark taxa' they suffer from extreme taxonomic neglect, little signs increasing activities recent years. Taxonomic neglect tends increase decrease body size. Identifying tackling scalable techniques emerge as urgent priorities

Language: Английский

Citations

66
Future of DNA-based insect monitoring DOI
Physilia Chua, Sarah J. Bourlat,

Cameron Ferguson

et al.

Trends in Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 39(7), P. 531 - 544

Published: March 10, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

56
Looking back on biodiversity change: lessons for the road ahead DOI Open Access
María Dornelas, Jonathan M. Chase, Nicholas J. Gotelli

et al.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 378(1881)

Published: May 29, 2023

Estimating biodiversity change across the planet in context of widespread human modification is a critical challenge. Here, we review how has changed recent decades scales and taxonomic groups, focusing on four diversity metrics: species richness, temporal turnover, spatial beta-diversity abundance. At local scales, all metrics includes many examples both increases declines tends to be centred around zero, but with higher prevalence declining trends (increasing similarity composition space or biotic homogenization) The exception this pattern changes through time observed most assemblages. Less known about at regional although several studies suggest that richness are more prevalent than declines. Change global scale hardest estimate accurately, extinction rates probably outpacing speciation rates, elevated. Recognizing variability essential accurately portray unfolding, highlights much remains unknown magnitude direction multiple different scales. Reducing these blind spots allow appropriate management actions deployed. This article part theme issue ‘Detecting attributing causes change: needs, gaps solutions’.

Language: Английский

Citations

52
Three-quarters of insect species are insufficiently represented by protected areas DOI Creative Commons
Shawan Chowdhury, Myron P. Zalucki, Jeffrey O. Hanson

et al.

One Earth, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(2), P. 139 - 146

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

49
Telecoupled impacts of the Russia–Ukraine war on global cropland expansion and biodiversity DOI
Li Chai, Ao Liu, Xuecao Li

et al.

Nature Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(4), P. 432 - 441

Published: March 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

33