Managing biological invasions: the cost of inaction

Biological Invasions, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 1927 - 1946

Published: March 18, 2022

Abstract Ecological and socioeconomic impacts from biological invasions are rapidly escalating worldwide. While effective management underpins impact mitigation, such actions often delayed, insufficient or entirely absent. Presently, delays emanate a lack of monetary rationale to invest at early invasion stages, which precludes prevention eradication. Here, we provide by developing conceptual model quantify the cost inaction, i.e., additional expenditure due delayed management, under varying time efficiencies. Further, apply damage data relatively data-rich genus ( Aedes mosquitoes). Our demonstrates that rapid interventions following drastically minimise costs. We also identify key points in differentiate among scenarios timely, severely intervention. Any action during phase results substantial losses $$( > 50\%$$ (>50% potential maximum loss). For spp., estimate existing delay 55 years led an total approximately $ 4.57 billion (14% cost), compared scenario with only seven prior (< 1% cost). Moreover, absence action, long-term would have accumulated US$ 32.31 billion, more than times observed inaction cost. These highlight need for timely invasive alien species—either pre-invasion, as soon possible after detection—by demonstrating how investments reduce economic impacts.

Language: Английский

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The hidden order of Turing patterns in arid and semi‐arid vegetation ecosystems

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(42)

Published: Oct. 10, 2023

Vegetation Turing patterns play a critical role in the ecological functioning of arid and semi-arid ecosystems. However, long-range spatial features these have been neglected compared to short-range like patch shape wavelength. Drawing inspiration from hyperuniform structures material science, we find that vegetation pattern exhibits dispersion similar hyperuniformity. As degree hyperuniformity increases, so does water-use efficiency vegetation. This finding supports previous studies suggest represent spatially optimized self-organization ecosystems for water acquisition. The Turing-type significant slowing down near tipping point, indicating non-negligible transient dynamical behavior. Reduced rainfall not only decreases resilience steady state ecosystem but also slows rate optimization long regimes. We propose indicates after strong, short-term disturbances. Spatially heterogeneous disturbances reduce lead longer recovery times than homogeneous maintain

Language: Английский

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Identifying regime shifts, transients and late warning signals for proactive ecosystem management

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 290, P. 110433 - 110433

Published: Jan. 14, 2024

Conservation Biology fosters the study of Earth's ecosystems and biodiversity aiming at protecting species their habitats from menaces causing erosion biotic interactions extinctions. Its ultimate goal is to preserve promote sustainable ecological management maintaining both ecosystem's resilience services. Ecosystems display complex patterns in time space due intrinsic nonlinear nature can suffer regime shifts driven by agents global change. During last decades, Ecology has turned equilibrium metaphor paradigm non-equilibrium dynamics. This involves putting into scene multiple stable states, shifts, stochasticity, transients. These aspects are also crucial for biological conservation since they play a fundamental role species' persistence, ecosystems' resilience, detecting warning signals prior either collapse or recovery ecosystem. In this contribution, we discuss caused tipping points real ecosystems. Then, provide information on some known dynamical features theoretical ecology systems theory associated points, mainly given transient phenomena characteristic statistical tied early signals. illustrated with single-species mathematical model including facilitation immigration. We introduce evidence late as way identify when point been surpassed but system still remains state may be possible. Our main near concepts conservationist community bridges between such

Language: Английский

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Effects of stochasticity on the length and behaviour of ecological transients

Journal of The Royal Society Interface, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 18(180), P. 20210257 - 20210257

Published: July 1, 2021

There is a growing recognition that ecological systems can spend extended periods of time far away from an asymptotic state, and understanding will therefore require deeper appreciation for how long transients arise. Recent work has defined classes deterministic mechanisms lead to transients. Given the ubiquity stochasticity in systems, similar systematic treatment includes influence important. Stochasticity course promote appearance transient dynamics by preventing settling permanently near their but also interacts with features create qualitatively new dynamics. As such, may shorten, extend or fundamentally change system’s Here, we describe general framework developing range possible outcomes when random processes impact over realistic scales. We emphasize understand ways which either reduce lifetime studying interactions between stochastic present, summarize both current state knowledge avenues future advances.

Language: Английский

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Interaction dynamics of multiple ecosystem services and abrupt changes of landscape patterns linked with watershed ecosystem regime shifts

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 150, P. 110263 - 110263

Published: April 22, 2023

Functional and structural regime shifts have been observed among many ecosystems. Understanding in watershed ecosystems is crucial for landscape management sustainable development. We propose the perspective that relationship dynamics of ecosystem services (ESs) can reflect shifts. An assessment critical transitions patterns integrated to support shift analysis. The downstream basin Nu-Salween River (NSR) was selected as study area demonstrate occurring from 1999 2019. To detect functional transition, changes relationships various ESs, including habitat quality biodiversity (HQ), carbon storage (CS), water yield (WY), soil conservation (SC) grain production (GP), were revealed using time series correlation identify watershed, Pettitt test principal component analysis (PCA) used display patterns. results showed (1) WY GP key ESs could define stable states; (2) three states, "coordinated state" 2008, "transient 2009 2013 "trade-off 2014 2019, identified NSR; (3) transition had a 1-year lag with transition. This research nonlinear complex system watersheds, detection integrate interaction better serve cope abrupt changes.

Language: Английский

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Early warning signals of grassland ecosystem degradation: A case study from the northeast Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

CATENA, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 239, P. 107970 - 107970

Published: March 13, 2024

Language: Английский

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Impacts of riparian width and stream channel width on ecological networks in main waterways and tributaries

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 792, P. 148457 - 148457

Published: June 17, 2021

Language: Английский

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Kelp-forest dynamics controlled by substrate complexity

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 119(8)

Published: Feb. 18, 2022

Significance Kelp forests are declining worldwide due to varied combinations of environmental change and the trophic downgrading urchin-controlling predators. These processes have increased frequency extent rapid, nonlinear shifts so-called urchin barrens whose ecological functioning services reduced relative those kelp forests. Understanding factors that regulate kelp-forest tipping points switches between states is key their management. Here we demonstrate substrate complexity (surface rugosity) determines both existence dynamic transition community around San Nicolas Island, CA. Kelp-forest conservation restoration efforts growing internationally may benefit from consideration in strategies.

Language: Английский

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Assessing the predictive power of step selection functions: How social and environmental interactions affect animal space use

Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 1805 - 1818

Published: May 25, 2022

Abstract The ability to predict animal space use patterns is a fundamental concern in changing environments. Such predictions require detailed understanding of the movement mechanisms from which spatial distributions emerge. However, these are typically complex, multifaceted, and therefore difficult uncover. Here, we provide methodological framework for uncovering necessary building predictive models use. Our procedure begins by parametrising model each individual population using step selection analysis, build an individual‐based (IBM) interacting individuals, derive predicted broad‐scale IBM then compare empirical patterns. Importantly, discrepancies between used formulate new hypotheses about drivers decisions thus iteratively improve model's power. We demonstrate our method on feral pigs Mississippi, USA. technique incorporates both social interactions individuals environmental movement. At iteration construction, were able identify missing features prediction analysing output. These include overuse‐avoidance effects self‐attractive (i.e. attraction previously visited sites becomes repulsion if there have been multiple visits quick succession), vital ensuring occurrence do not become vanishingly small. Overall, provided general improving power models. This will enable future researchers maximise information obtained analyses highlight potentially data emergent Ultimately, this provides towards aim constructing

Language: Английский

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Ecological non-equilibrium and biological conservation

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 286, P. 110258 - 110258

Published: Sept. 8, 2023

How to establish efficient conservation actions and policies for the long-term persistence of ecological systems remains a challenge. Conservation biology was born as discipline crisis, targeting recovery altered ecosystems under paradigms equilibrium stability. However, we argue that concepts balance still hinder wildlife managers from optimizing proper decision-making correctly prioritizing actions. This is case, despite prevailing paradigm has recently shifted more realistic view non-equilibrium dynamics in ecosystems, even absence anthropogenic impacts. The challenge policymakers now greater. First, because basis Darwinian adaptive response hence maintaining variance, rather than decreasing it, should be target conservation. Secondly, show non-linear responses (e.g. transients critical transitions), which hamper diagnosis prediction. Even though are unable suggest solutions this conundrum, warn here about potential biases when conserving ecosystems. We insights island ecology medical science may helpful dealing with applied Incorporating advances complex into conceptual framework management policymaking also contribute improving prioritization actions, especially regarding some agents global change. Finally, advocate strengthening feedback between ecologists (both theoretical empirical) practitioners improve our knowledge on how respond perturbations.

Language: Английский

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