Effects of climate change and human activities on vector-borne diseases

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(8), P. 476 - 491

Published: March 14, 2024

Language: Английский

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Towards a ‘people and nature’ paradigm for biodiversity and infectious disease

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 380(1917)

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Zoonotic and vector-borne infectious diseases are among the most direct human health consequences of biodiversity change. The COVID-19 pandemic increased policymakers’ attention on links between ecological degradation disease, sparked discussions around nature-based interventions to mitigate zoonotic emergence epidemics. Yet, although disease ecology provides an increasingly granular knowledge wildlife in changing ecosystems, we still have a poor understanding net for disease. Here, argue that renewed focus wildlife-borne as complex socio-ecological systems—a ‘people nature’ paradigm—is needed identify local transformative system-wide changes could reduce burden. We discuss longstanding scientific narratives involvement systems, which largely framed people disruptors, three emerging research areas provide wider system perspectives: how anthropogenic ecosystems construct new niches feedbacks social vulnerability role human-to-animal pathogen transmission (‘spillback’) systems. conclude by discussing opportunities better understand predictability outcomes from change integrate drivers into intervention design evaluation. This article is part discussion meeting issue ‘Bending curve towards nature recovery: building Georgina Mace's legacy biodiverse future’.

Language: Английский

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Interactions between climate change, urban infrastructure and mobility are driving dengue emergence in Vietnam

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Dec. 11, 2023

Dengue is expanding globally, but how dengue emergence shaped locally by interactions between climatic and socio-environmental factors not well understood. Here, we investigate the drivers of incidence in Vietnam, through analysing 23 years district-level case data spanning a period significant socioeconomic change (1998-2020). We show that urban infrastructure (sanitation, water supply, long-term growth) predict local spatial patterns incidence, while human mobility more influential driver subtropical northern regions than endemic south. Temperature dominant factor shaping dengue's distribution dynamics, using reanalysis temperature warming since 1950 has expanded transmission risk throughout most strongly current hotspots (e.g., southern central regions, Ha Noi). In contrast, effects hydrometeorology are complex, multi-scalar dependent on context: increases under either short-term precipitation excess or drought, improvements supply mitigate drought-associated risks except extreme conditions. Our findings challenge assumption an disease, instead suggesting peaks transitional landscapes with intermediate provision, provide evidence recent climate contributing to expansion Vietnam.

Language: Английский

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Invasive hematophagous arthropods and associated diseases in a changing world

Parasites & Vectors, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Aug. 17, 2023

Biological invasions have increased significantly with the tremendous growth of international trade and transport. Hematophagous arthropods can be vectors infectious potentially lethal pathogens parasites, thus constituting a growing threat to humans-especially when associated biological invasions. Today, several major vector-borne diseases, currently described as emerging or re-emerging, are expanding in world dominated by climate change, land-use change intensive transportation humans goods. In this review, we retrace historical trajectory these better understand their ecological, physiological genetic drivers impacts on ecosystems human health. We also discuss arthropod management strategies mitigate future risks harnessing ecology, public health, economics social-ethnological considerations. Trade transport goods materials, including vertebrate introductions worn tires, historically been important introduction pathways for most prominent invasive hematophagous arthropods, but sources likely diversify globalization. Burgeoning urbanization, urban heat island effect interact favor diseases they vector. To novel disease outbreaks, stronger preventative monitoring transboundary surveillance measures urgently required. Proactive approaches, such use engagement citizen science, would reduce epidemiological ecological could save millions lives billions dollars spent control management. Last, our capacities manage sustainable way worldwide improved promoting interactions among experts health sector, stakeholders environmental issues policymakers (e.g. One Health approach) while considering wider social perceptions.

Language: Английский

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Configuration characteristics of green-blue spaces for efficient cooling in urban environments

Sustainable Cities and Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 100, P. 105040 - 105040

Published: Nov. 6, 2023

Language: Английский

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Distribution of Culex pipiens life stages across urban green and grey spaces in Leiden, The Netherlands

Parasites & Vectors, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Abstract Background There is an urgent need for cities to become more climate resilient; one of the key strategies include green spaces in urban environment. Currently, there a worry that increasing might increase mosquito nuisance. As such, this study explores comprehensive understanding how mosquitoes utilise contrasting grey and habitats at different life stages which environmental factors could drive these distributions. Methods We used setup six paired locations, park (green) vs. residential (grey) areas single model city (Leiden, The Netherlands), where we sampled abundances (eggs, larvae, adults) local microclimatic conditions. In study, focused on Culex pipiens s.l., most common abundant species Netherlands. Results Our results show while Cx. ovipositioning rates (number egg rafts) larval were far areas, adults parks. These coincide with differences number suitable (higher areas) conditions (more amenable parks). Conclusions findings suggest dispersal may be considerably important than previously thought, adult seek out habitat survival breeding success. can inform targeted efficient mitigate reduce nuisance are increased, make resilient. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Mosquitoes in urban green spaces and cemeteries in northern Spain

Parasites & Vectors, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: April 2, 2024

Abstract Background Mosquitoes inhabiting urban green spaces and cemeteries in Europe represent a crucial facet of public health concern contribute to the ecological balance. As urbanization intensifies, these areas increasingly serve as vital habitats for various mosquito species, fostering breeding grounds increasing risk disease transmission. Methods A study was conducted three main cities (inland, coastal, estuarine) Basque Country, northern Spain, investigate species composition, abundance, dynamic populations, larval habitats, host preferences mosquitoes cemeteries. CDC traps dipping were used collect 2 years (2019–2020). Results total 21 identified, with Culex pipiens s.l. being most abundant widespread. The forms Cx. found, common both Morphological identification together molecular tools identified 65 COI sequences high homology. highest richness found inland city, followed by coastal city estuarine city. Mosquito abundance significantly higher compared investigation sites highlighted dominance s.l., particularly semi-artificial ponds, diverse water-holding containers (tyres buckets) drainage systems areas; cemeteries, larvae flowerpots funerary urns. Seasonal activity exhibited variable peaks different cities, notable increase July or August. Additionally, blood meal analysis revealed that fed on several avian species. Conclusions Studies are essential understand their role transmission design targeted sustainable management strategies mitigate associated risks. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Spatio−Temporal Changes and Key Driving Factors of Urban Green Space Configuration on Land Surface Temperature

Forests, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 812 - 812

Published: May 4, 2024

Changes in land cover by rapid urbanization have diminished the cooling effect of urban green spaces (UGS), exacerbating upward trend surface temperature (LST). A thorough and precise understanding spatio-temporal characteristics UGS LST is essential for mitigating localized high temperatures cities. This study identified changes configuration Shanghai from 2003 to 2022. The correlation between was explored using spatial autocorrelation analysis causal inference. results show that (1) high-temperature space had grown 721 km2 3059 2022; (2) suburbs, largest area tended decrease, while number patches increase, indicating a distinct feature suburbanization; (3) more significant correlation, sprawl primarily impacts large UGSs; (4) compared shape UGS, are key factor influencing regional LST. These findings enrich knowledge spatio−temporal relationship its urbanization, offering valuable insights building cooler

Language: Английский

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Modeling Intraday Aedes-human exposure dynamics enhances dengue risk prediction

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 7, 2025

Abstract Cities are the hot spots for global dengue transmission. The increasing availability of human movement data obtained from mobile devices presents a substantial opportunity to address this prevailing public health challenge. Leveraging phone guide vector control can be relevant numerous mosquito-borne diseases, where influence commuting patterns impacts not only dissemination pathogens but also daytime exposure vectors. This study utilizes hourly records approximately 3 million urban residents and daily case counts at level, spanning 8 years (2015–2022), evaluate importance modeling human-mosquito interactions an resolution in elucidating sub-neighborhood occurrence municipality Rio de Janeiro. findings demonstrate that integrating knowledge Aedes biting behavior with significantly improve inferences on occurrence. inclusion spatial eigenvectors vulnerability indicators such as healthcare access, centrality measures, estimates immunity predictors, allowed further fine-tuning model. proposed concept enabled explanation 77% deviance DENV infections. transfer these results optimize settings bears significant epidemiological implications, presumably leading lower infection rates -borne diseases future. It highlights how increasingly collected utilized locate zones potential transmission, identified by mosquito abundance connectivity high incidence areas considering peak hours. These hold particular significance given ongoing projection sprawl.

Language: Английский

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Sex Ratio Distortion of Aedes aegypti (L.) in El Salvador: Biocontrol Implications for Seasonally Dry Urban Neotropical Environments

Diversity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 257 - 257

Published: April 5, 2025

Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) remain a major public health burden, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are primary vectors of several VBDs, understanding their population dynamics is critical for developing effective control strategies. This study investigates seasonal sex ratio variation A. populations within urban environments El Salvador’s seasonally dry neotropical biomes. Using data from an ongoing surveillance program, we analyzed the temporal distribution male female across eight sampling events. Our results reveal significant deviations expected 1:1 ratio, with pronounced bias during season shift toward parity wet season. These findings suggest that environmental anthropogenic factors influence dynamics, potentially affecting reproductive success persistence. The observed distortion has important implications vector ecology biocontrol, emphasizing need to incorporate ecological into management Integrating these insights biocontrol programs could enhance effectiveness interventions aimed at reducing VBD transmission

Language: Английский

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