Positive affect disrupts neurodegeneration effects on cognitive training plasticity in older adults DOI Creative Commons
Mia Anthony, Adam Turnbull, Duje Tadin

et al.

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Cognitive training for older adults varies in efficacy, but it is unclear why some benefit more than others. Positive affective experience (PAE), referring to high positive valence and/or stable arousal states across everyday scenarios, and associated functional networks can protect plasticity mechanisms against Alzheimer's disease neurodegeneration, which may contribute outcome variability. The objective of this study investigate whether PAE explains variability cognitive outcomes by disrupting the adverse effect neurodegeneration on plasticity. study's design a secondary analysis randomized control trial with concurrent real or sham brain stimulation (39 mild impairment; mean age, 71). Moderation analyses, change episodic memory executive function as outcome, baseline resting-state connectivity moderator predictor are methods used study. result that stability default mode network (DMN) disrupted not memory. concludes degree DMN integrity both explained variability, reducing We highlight need account PAE, aging factors their interactions training.

Language: Английский

The adaptive aging brain DOI

Liviu Aron,

Joseph Zullo,

Bruce A. Yankner

et al.

Current Opinion in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 72, P. 91 - 100

Published: Oct. 22, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

47
Changes in the Networks of Attention across the Lifespan: A Graphical Meta-Analysis DOI Creative Commons
Raymond M. Klein, Samantha R. Good, John Christie

et al.

Journal of Intelligence, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 19 - 19

Published: Feb. 10, 2024

Three Posnerian networks of attention (alerting, orienting, and executive control) have been distinguished on the bases behavioural, neuropsychological, neuroscientific evidence. Here, we examined trajectories these throughout human lifespan using various Attention Network Tests (ANTs), which were specifically developed to measure efficacy networks. The ANT Database was used identify relevant research, resulting in inclusion 36 publications. We conducted a graphical meta-analysis network scores from each study, based reaction time plotted as function age group. Evaluation attentional childhood early adulthood suggests that alerting develops relatively quickly, reaches near-adult level by 12. developmental pattern orienting seems depend information value spatial cues. Executive control show consistent decrease (improvement) with childhood. During (ages 19-75), changes modality warning signal, while moderate increase seen increasing age. Whereas scores, measured time, (deterioration) young into later an opposite trend is when are error rates.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
Rhythmic musical activities may strengthen connectivity between brain networks associated with aging-related deficits in timing and executive functions DOI Creative Commons
Aaron Colverson, Stephanie Barsoum, Ronald A. Cohen

et al.

Experimental Gerontology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 186, P. 112354 - 112354

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Brain aging and common conditions of (e.g., hypertension) affect networks important in organizing information, processing speed action programming (i.e., executive functions). Declines these may timing could have an impact on the ability to perceive perform musical rhythms. There is evidence that participation rhythmic activities help maintain even improve functioning (near transfer), perhaps due similarities brain regions underlying timing, rhythm perception production, functioning. Rhythmic present as a novel fun activity for older adults stimulate interacting deteriorate with aging. However, relatively little known about neurobehavioral interactions between aging, In this review, we account brain-behavior suggest deeper knowledge overlapping associated rhythm, cognition assist designing more targeted preventive rehabilitative interventions reduce age-related cognitive decline quality life populations neurodegenerative disease. Further research needed elucidate functional relationships direct design interventions.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Bilingualism and ageing independently impact on language processing: evidence from comprehension and production DOI Creative Commons
Eunice G. Fernandes, Katrien Segaert, Foyzul Rahman

et al.

Bilingualism Language and Cognition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 15

Published: April 12, 2024

Abstract To examine the combined effects of ageing and bilingualism in language processing, we tested young older mono- bilingual speakers L1 comprehension production. In Experiment 1, bilinguals were slower to detect words than monolinguals sentences with a low-constraint context, but not when high-constraint context was provided. Older adults tended outperform younger sentences. 2, produce small-scope prepositional phrases (e.g., ‘the cone above grape), suggesting more extensive planning. Bilingual disadvantages observed larger-scope complex pink grape’). Individual differences proficiency did modulate effects. The results support syntactic processing age-preserved syntax, alongside semantic unaffected by either or age. We found no interactions between age bilingualism, that these two factors independently impact processing.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
The Hidden Dangers of Sedentary Living: Insights into Molecular, Cellular, and Systemic Mechanisms DOI Open Access
Daniel Guerreiro Diniz, João Bento‐Torres, Victor Oliveira da Costa

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(19), P. 10757 - 10757

Published: Oct. 6, 2024

With the aging of global population, neurodegenerative diseases are emerging as a major public health issue. The adoption less sedentary lifestyle has been shown to have beneficial effect on cognitive decline, but molecular mechanisms responsible clear. Here we provide detailed analysis complex molecular, cellular, and systemic underlying age-related decline how choices influence these processes. A review evidence from animal models, human studies, postmortem analyses emphasizes importance integrating physical exercise with cognitive, multisensory, motor stimulation part multifaceted approach mitigating decline. We highlight potential non-pharmacological interventions address key hallmarks, such genomic instability, telomere attrition, neuroinflammation, underscore need for comprehensive personalized strategies promote resilience healthy aging.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Structural damage-driven brain compensation among near-centenarians and centenarians without dementia DOI Creative Commons
Hui Tang, Haichao Zhao, Hao Liu

et al.

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 308, P. 121065 - 121065

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Intelligence, Financial Literacy, Cognitive Reflection, and Grandiose Narcissism: Explaining Susceptibility to Financial Scams? DOI

S. P. Roth

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Attention-dependent coupling with forebrain and brainstem neuromodulatory nuclei differs across the lifespan DOI Creative Commons
Nicholas G. Cicero, Elizabeth Riley, Khena M. Swallow

et al.

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 4, 2025

Attentional states reflect the changing behavioral relevance of stimuli in one's environment, having important consequences for learning and memory. Supporting well-established cortical contributions, attentional are hypothesized to originate from subcortical neuromodulatory nuclei, such as basal forebrain (BF) locus coeruleus (LC), which among first change with aging. Here, we characterized interplay between BF LC nuclei their relation two common afferent targets attention memory, posterior cingulate cortex hippocampus, across adult lifespan. Using an auditory target discrimination task during functional MRI, examined influence salience on task-dependent connectivity younger (19-45 years) older adults (66-86 years). In adults, was largely driven by processing, while associated distractor processing. These patterns reversed adults. This age-dependent pattern generalized nucleus basalis Meynert medial septal subnuclei. Preliminary data middle-aged indicates a transitional stage connectivity. Overall, these results reveal distinct roles systems related potential aging, consistent managing increased behaviorally irrelevant distraction Such prominent differences coupling lifespan suggests they may be drivers widespread changes neurocognitive middle age opportune time intervention.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Finding the Forest in the Trees: Using Machine Learning and Online Cognitive and Perceptual Measures to Predict Adult Autism Diagnosis DOI Creative Commons
Robert Jertberg, Erik Van der Burg, Hilde M. Geurts

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 19, 2025

Abstract Traditional subjective measures are limited in the insight they provide into underlying behavioral differences associated with autism and, accordingly, their ability to predict diagnosis. Performance-based offer an attractive alternative, as designed capture related neuropsychological constructs more directly and objectively. We used machine learning classify autistic/non-autistic adults using data from online tasks measuring multisensory perception, emotion recognition, executive function. Not only were these able a late-diagnosed population known be particularly difficult identify, combination most popular screening questionnaire enhanced its predictive accuracy (reaching 92% together). Many variables which significant group not detected had value combination, suggesting complex latent relationships. Machine learning’s harness connections pinpoint crucial features for prediction could allow optimization of tool that offers unique marriage accessibility.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Language diversity and cognitive function: Exploring multilingualism across the adult lifespan DOI
Olivia Maurice, Caroline Jones, Celia B. Harris

et al.

Published: May 13, 2025

Abstract Epidemiological literature suggests that speaking multiple languages can delay onset for neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease. Cognitive and neuroscientific explanations, however, remain inconclusive. While some studies have found behavioural neural advantages of being multilingual (compared to monolingual) working memory, inhibitory control, attention across the lifespan, others no evidence. An emerging focus on nuanced, dimensional measures language experience well different outcomes depending stimulus modality (visuospatial versus auditory processing) could potentially resolve these mixed findings. The current study examined correlations between continuously measured domain-specific cognitive functioning visuospatial modalities. Participants (n = 90) aged 18–83 years completed Language History Questionnaire v3 (LHQ-3), tasks indexing attention. Results indicated was not associated with performance any measure younger or older adult group, apart from a positive relationship memory accuracy adults. findings add suggest neuroprotective effects multilingualism may stem alternate mechanisms than reserve practice effects. Examples alternative include increased resilience neurodegeneration due greater cerebrovascular activity oxygenation in areas responsible higher order cognition language.

Language: Английский

Citations

0