New and Interesting Fungi. 6

Fungal Systematics and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 109 - 156

Published: June 16, 2023

Three new genera, six species, three combinations, epitypes, and 25 interesting host /or geographical records are introduced in this study. New genera: Neoleptodontidium (based on aquaticum ), Nothoramularia ragnhildianicola ). species: Acremonium (from cooling pad water, USA, Cladophialophora laricicola (on dead wood of Larix sp., Netherlands), Cyphellophora neerlandica lichen brick wall, Geonectria muralis moss growing a Harposporium illinoisense rockwool, USA), hydroponic USA). combinations: deltoidea Anthopsis aciculare Leptodontidium Ramularia Epitypes: Cephaliophora tropica Miricatena prunicola leaves Prunus serotina , Ragnhildiana ferruginea parasitic Artemisia vulgaris Germany), Phyllosticta multicorniculata needles Abietis balsamea Canada), Thyronectria caraganae twigs Caragana arborescens Ukraine), Trichosphaeria pilosa decayed Salix branch, Netherlands). Furthermore, the higher order phylogeny genera regarded as incertae sedis is resolved, namely ( Ascodesmidaceae, Pezizales Helotiales Leotiomycetes Trichosphaeriaceae Trichosphaeriales with being an older name for Plectosphaerellaceae.

Language: Английский

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Phylogenomics reveals extensive misidentification of fungal strains from the genus Aspergillus

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4)

Published: March 6, 2024

Modern taxonomic classification is often based on phylogenetic analyses of a few molecular markers, although single-gene studies are still common. Here, we leverage genome-scale phylogenetics (phylogenomics) species and populations to reconstruct evolutionary relationships in dense data set 710 fungal genomes from the biomedically technologically important genus Aspergillus. To do so, generated novel 1,362 high-quality markers specific for Aspergillus provided profile Hidden Markov Models each, facilitating their use by others. Examining resulting phylogeny helped resolve ongoing controversies, identified new ones, revealed extensive strain misidentification (7.59% strains were previously misidentified), underscoring importance population-level sampling classification. These findings corroborated using current standard, taxonomically informative loci. suggest that phylogenomics can facilitate accurate classifications reconstructions Tree Life.IMPORTANCEIdentification relies markers. Advances genomic technologies have made it possible sequence genome any strain, making assignment (and discovery ones). We examined usefulness limitations large publicly available multiple biomedically, agriculturally, industrially Our nearly 8% misidentified. work highlights systematic biology suggests sequencing strains, including reference (e.g., type strains), will be required reduce errors public databases.

Language: Английский

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Composition, Influencing Factors, and Effects on Host Nutrient Metabolism of Fungi in Gastrointestinal Tract of Monogastric Animals

Animals, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 710 - 710

Published: March 1, 2025

Intestinal fungi, collectively referred to as mycobiota, constitute a small (0.01-2%) but crucial component of the overall intestinal microbiota. While fungi are far less abundant than bacteria in gut, volume an average fungal cell is roughly 100-fold greater that bacterial cell. They play vital role nutrient metabolism and maintaining health. The composition spatial organization mycobiota vary across different animal species influenced by multitude factors, including age, diet, host's physiological state. At present, quantitative research on monogastric animals remains scarce, investigations into mechanisms underlying their metabolic functions also relatively restricted. This review delves distribution characteristics Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Kazachstania slooffiae, animals, factors influencing composition, consequent impacts host objective offer insights for deeper understanding nutritional significance explore which they affect health relation inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), diarrhea, obesity. Through systematic evaluation functional contributions, this shifts our perception from overlooked commensals key components gut ecosystem dynamics, emphasizing potential personalized control regulation enhancement prevention treatment strategies.

Language: Английский

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The evolving species concepts used for yeasts: from phenotypes and genomes to speciation networks

Fungal Diversity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 109(1), P. 27 - 55

Published: June 26, 2021

Here we review how evolving species concepts have been applied to understand yeast diversity. Initially, a phenotypic concept was utilized taking into consideration morphological aspects of colonies and cells, growth profiles. Later the biological added, which data from mating experiments. Biophysical measurements DNA similarity between isolates were an early measure that became more broadly with advent sequencing technology, leading sequence-based using comparisons parts ribosomal DNA. At present phylogenetic employ sequence rDNA other genes are universally in fungal taxonomy, including yeasts, because various studies revealed relatively good correlation divergence. The application genome information is becoming increasingly common, strongly recommend use complete, rather than draft genomes improve our understanding their genetic dynamics. Complete allow in-depth on evolvability and, consequently, they belong. Hybridization seems common phenomenon has observed all major lineages contain yeasts. Note hybrids may greatly differ post-hybridization development. Future studies, initially some model or complexes shift traditional as isolated clusters genetically compatible cohesive speciation network such interconnected by processes, hybridization.

Language: Английский

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Species concepts of Dothideomycetes: classification, phylogenetic inconsistencies and taxonomic standardization

Fungal Diversity, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 109(1), P. 283 - 319

Published: July 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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