Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR)

British Journal of Biomedical Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 80

Published: June 28, 2023

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has now emerged as a chronic public health problem globally, with the forecast of 10 million deaths per year globally by 2050. AMR occurs when viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites do not respond to antimicrobial treatments in humans animals, thus allowing survival microorganism within host. The prominent cause contributing current crisis remains be overuse misuse antimicrobials, particularly inappropriate usage antibiotics, increasing global burden resistance. consumption antibiotics are therefore closely monitored at all times. This review provides overview implications strategies used international governmental organisations, including UN’s 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), address antibiotic resistance, well “ One Health Approach ,” system incorporating multidisciplinary effort achieve best possible outcome acknowledging clear connections between humans, animals their shared environment. importance awareness literacy lay audiences still needs further emphasised part local action plans. continues major dilemma 21st century. Already this topic is receiving substantial political input from G7 countries on agenda numerous conferences. consequences failure adequately profound, estimations return pre-antibiotic era, where everyday infections relating childbirth, surgery open fractured limbs could potentially life-threatening. itself represents microcosm factors, social anthropology, civil unrest/war, diasporas, ethnic displacement, systems, healthcare, economics, societal behaviour both population individual level, literacy, geoclimatic events, travel pharmaceutical innovation investment, finding solution that addresses which helps stem emergence complicated. Success will involve individuals, communities nations working together ensure world possess sufficient armamentarium effective antimicrobials sustain human animal health, future.

Language: Английский

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The scope of the antimicrobial resistance challenge

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 403(10442), P. 2426 - 2438

Published: May 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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The spread of antibiotic resistance to humans and potential protection strategies

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 254, P. 114734 - 114734

Published: March 10, 2023

Antibiotic resistance is currently one of the greatest threats to human health. Widespread use and residues antibiotics in humans, animals, environment can exert selective pressure on antibiotic bacteria (ARB) gene (ARG), accelerating flow resistance. As ARG spreads population, burden humans increases, which may have potential health effects people. Therefore, it critical mitigate spread reduce load humans. This review briefly described information global consumption national action plans (NAPs) combat provided a set feasible control strategies for transmission ARB three areas including (a) Reducing colonization capacity exogenous ARB, (b) Enhancing mitigating horizontal transfer (HGT) ARG, (c) Reversing With hope achieving interdisciplinary one-health prevention bacterial

Language: Английский

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Genomic surveillance for antimicrobial resistance — a One Health perspective

Nature Reviews Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(2), P. 142 - 157

Published: Sept. 25, 2023

Language: Английский

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Global diversity and antimicrobial resistance of typhoid fever pathogens: Insights from a meta-analysis of 13,000 Salmonella Typhi genomes

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Sept. 12, 2023

The Global Typhoid Genomics Consortium was established to bring together the typhoid research community aggregate and analyse

Language: Английский

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An Overview of Smart Irrigation Management for Improving Water Productivity under Climate Change in Drylands

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 2113 - 2113

Published: Aug. 11, 2023

Global drylands, covering about 41% of Earth’s surface and inhabited by 38% the world’s population, are facing stark challenges water scarcity, low productivity, food insecurity. This paper highlights major constraints to agricultural traditional irrigation scheduling methods, associated challenges, efforts, progress enhance use efficiency (WUE), conserve water, guarantee security overviewing different smart approaches. Widely used methods (based on weather, plant, soil moisture conditions) usually lack important information needed for precise irrigation, which leads over- or under-irrigation fields. On other hand, using several factors, including climate variation, properties, plant responses deficits, changes in weather can drive better decisions that help save increase yields. Various approaches, such as artificial intelligence deep learning (artificial neural network, fuzzy logic, expert system, hybrid intelligent learning), model predictive systems, variable rate (VRI) technology, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) could ensure high water-scarce regions. These technologies improve management accelerate achieving multiple Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), where no one gets left behind.

Language: Английский

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Global Strategies to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance: A One Health Perspective

Pharmacology &amp Pharmacy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(08), P. 271 - 328

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health challenge that has escalated due to the inappropriate use of antimicrobials in humans, animals, and environment. Developing implementing strategies reduce combat AMR critical. Purpose: This study aimed highlight some can be implemented address using One Health approach. Methods: employed narrative review design included studies published from January 2002 July 2023. The searched for literature on antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) PubMed Google Scholar 2020 PRISMA guidelines. Results: reveals remains significant public problem. Its severity been markedly exacerbated by broader ecological Several have developed AMR, including Global Action Plan (GAP), National Plans (NAPs), AMS programs, implementation AWaRe classification antimicrobials. These also involve strengthening surveillance consumption resistance, encouraging development new antimicrobials, enhancing regulations around prescribing, dispensing, usage. Additional measures include promoting partnerships, combating substandard falsified advocating vaccinations, sanitation, hygiene biosecurity, as well exploring alternatives However, these faces various challenges. challenges low awareness knowledge shortage human resources capacity building AMS, adequate funding initiatives, limited laboratory capacities surveillance, behavioural change issues, ineffective leadership multidisciplinary teams. Conclusion: In conclusion, this established prevalent among Successfully addressing calls collaborative, multifaceted Despite this, gaps remain effectively currently recommended AMR. As result, it essential reinforce are deployed counter across human, animal, environmental sectors.

Language: Английский

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Burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in low-income and middle-income countries avertible by existing interventions: an evidence review and modelling analysis

The Lancet, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 403(10442), P. 2439 - 2454

Published: May 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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A Photomodulable Bacteriophage‐Spike Nanozyme Enables Dually Enhanced Biofilm Penetration and Bacterial Capture for Photothermal‐Boosted Catalytic Therapy of MRSA Infections

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(24)

Published: June 13, 2023

Nanozymes, featuring intrinsic biocatalytic effects and broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties, are emerging as a novel antibiotic class. However, prevailing bactericidal nanozymes face challenging dilemma between biofilm penetration bacterial capture capacity, significantly impeding their antibacterial efficacy. Here, this work introduces photomodulable nanozyme (ICG@hMnO

Language: Английский

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Can Improved Farm Biosecurity Reduce the Need for Antimicrobials in Food Animals? A Scoping Review

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 893 - 893

Published: May 11, 2023

Limited and judicious antimicrobial usage (AMU) is considered the key to saving success of human veterinary medicine in treating infections. With limited alternatives for antimicrobials, farm biosecurity (and herd management) a promising tool mitigate non-judicious AMU maintain animal health, production, welfare. The present scoping review aims analyse effect on livestock systems formulate recommendations. Peer-reviewed manuscripts published between 2001–2022 were analyzed using PRISMA framework PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct databases. After applying inclusion criteria, 27 studies found assess (or management practices) at herd/farm level quantitative/semi-quantitative terms. These carried out 16 countries, which 74.1% (20/27) from 11 European countries. highest number pig farms [51.8% (14/27)], followed by poultry (chicken) [25.9% (7/27)], cattle [11.1% (3/27)], single study turkey farm. Two include both farms. Most cross-sectional [70.4% (19/27)], seven longitudinal, one was case-control study. Complex interactions observed among factors influencing AMU, such as measures, characteristics, farmers’ attitudes, availability health services, stewardship, etc. A positive association reduction 51.8% (14/27) studies, 18.5% (5/27) showed that improvement practices associated with AMU. highlighted coaching awareness farmers might lead decrease economic assessment concluded cost-effective way reduce On other hand, five an uncertain or spurious We recommend reinforcement concept biosecurity, especially lower- middle-income countries (LMICs). Further, there need strengthen evidence region- species-specific settings.

Language: Английский

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