bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 18, 2024
Abstract
The
microbiota
in
individual
habitats
differ
both
relative
composition
and
absolute
abundance.
While
sequencing
approaches
determine
only
the
abundances
of
taxa
genes,
experimental
techniques
for
abundance
determination
are
rarely
applied
to
large-scale
microbiome
studies.
Here,
we
developed
a
machine
learning
approach
predict
fecal
microbial
loads
(microbial
cells
per
gram)
solely
from
data.
Applied
datasets
(n
=
34,539),
demonstrate
that
load
is
major
determinant
gut
variation
associated
with
numerous
host
factors.
We
found
several
diseases,
altered
load,
not
disease
itself,
was
main
driver
changes.
Adjusting
this
effect
substantially
reduced
significance
more
than
half
disease-associated
species.
Our
analysis
reveals
confounder
studies,
highlighting
its
importance
understanding
health
disease.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: Feb. 16, 2024
Abstract
The
human
gastrointestinal
tract
is
populated
with
a
diverse
microbial
community.
vast
genetic
and
metabolic
potential
of
the
gut
microbiome
underpins
its
ubiquity
in
nearly
every
aspect
biology,
including
health
maintenance,
development,
aging,
disease.
advent
new
sequencing
technologies
culture-independent
methods
has
allowed
researchers
to
move
beyond
correlative
studies
toward
mechanistic
explorations
shed
light
on
microbiome–host
interactions.
Evidence
unveiled
bidirectional
communication
between
central
nervous
system,
referred
as
“microbiota–gut–brain
axis”.
microbiota–gut–brain
axis
represents
an
important
regulator
glial
functions,
making
it
actionable
target
ameliorate
development
progression
neurodegenerative
diseases.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
mechanisms
As
provides
essential
cues
microglia,
astrocytes,
oligodendrocytes,
examine
communications
microbiota
these
cells
during
healthy
states
Subsequently,
diseases
using
metabolite-centric
approach,
while
also
examining
role
microbiota-related
neurotransmitters
hormones.
Next,
targeting
intestinal
barrier,
blood–brain
meninges,
peripheral
immune
system
counteract
dysfunction
neurodegeneration.
Finally,
conclude
by
assessing
pre-clinical
clinical
evidence
probiotics,
prebiotics,
fecal
transplantation
A
thorough
comprehension
will
foster
effective
therapeutic
interventions
for
management
Nutrients,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(14), P. 3258 - 3258
Published: July 23, 2023
The
number
of
individuals
experiencing
mental
disorders
(e.g.,
anxiety
and
depression)
has
significantly
risen
in
recent
years.
Therefore,
it
is
essential
to
seek
prevention
treatment
strategies
for
disorders.
Several
gut
microbiota,
especially
Firmicutes
Bacteroidetes,
are
demonstrated
affect
health
through
microbiota-gut-brain
axis,
the
microbiota
dysbiosis
can
be
related
disorders,
such
as
anxiety,
depression,
other
On
hand,
dietary
components,
including
probiotics
Lactobacillus
Bifidobacterium),
prebiotics
fiber
alpha-lactalbumin),
synbiotics,
postbiotics
short-chain
fatty
acids),
dairy
products,
spices
Zanthoxylum
bungeanum,
curcumin,
capsaicin),
fruits,
vegetables,
medicinal
herbs,
so
on,
could
exert
protective
effects
against
by
enhancing
beneficial
while
suppressing
harmful
ones.
In
this
paper,
disorder-associated
summarized.
addition,
components
on
targeting
discussed.
This
paper
helpful
develop
some
natural
products
into
pharmaceuticals
functional
foods
prevent
treat
Life,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(5), P. 559 - 559
Published: April 26, 2024
The
gastrointestinal
tract
is
home
to
trillions
of
diverse
microorganisms
collectively
known
as
the
gut
microbiota,
which
play
a
pivotal
role
in
breaking
down
undigested
foods,
such
dietary
fibers.
Through
fermentation
these
food
components,
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs)
acetate,
propionate,
and
butyrate
are
produced,
offering
numerous
health
benefits
host.
production
absorption
SCFAs
occur
through
various
mechanisms
within
human
intestine,
contingent
upon
types
fibers
reaching
specific
engaged
fermentation.
Medical
literature
extensively
documents
supplementation
SCFAs,
particularly
butyrate,
treatment
gastrointestinal,
metabolic,
cardiovascular,
gut-brain-related
disorders.
This
review
seeks
provide
an
overview
dynamics
involved
gut.
Additionally,
it
will
focus
on
roles
promoting
metabolic
health,
well
their
current
therapeutic
implications.
General Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
37(1), P. e101374 - e101374
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
The
gut
microbiota
is
a
complex
and
dynamic
ecosystem
known
as
the
‘second
brain’.
Composing
microbiota-gut-brain
axis,
its
metabolites
regulate
central
nervous
system
through
neural,
endocrine
immune
pathways
to
ensure
normal
functioning
of
organism,
tuning
individuals’
health
disease
status.
Short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs),
main
bioactive
microbiota,
are
involved
in
several
neuropsychiatric
disorders,
including
depression.
SCFAs
have
essential
effects
on
each
component
axis
In
present
review,
roles
major
(acetate,
propionate
butyrate)
pathophysiology
depression
summarised
with
respect
chronic
cerebral
hypoperfusion,
neuroinflammation,
host
epigenome
neuroendocrine
alterations.
Concluding
remarks
biological
mechanisms
related
will
hopefully
address
clinical
value
microbiota-related
treatments
for
Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 20
Published: Jan. 8, 2024
Tryptophan
(TRP)
contributes
to
individual
immune
homeostasis
and
good
condition
via
three
complex
metabolism
pathways
(5-hydroxytryptamine
(5-HT),
kynurenine
(KP),
gut
microbiota
pathway).
Indole
propionic
acid
(IPA),
one
of
the
TRP
derivatives
pathway,
has
raised
more
attention
because
its
impact
on
metabolic
disorders.
Here,
we
retrospect
increasing
evidence
that
metabolites/IPA
derived
from
proteolysis
host
health
disease.
IPA
can
activate
system
through
aryl
hydrocarbon
receptor
(AHR)
and/or
Pregnane
X
(PXR)
as
a
vital
mediator
among
diet-caused
microbe
cross-talk.
Different
levels
in
systemic
circulation
predict
risk
NAFLD,
T2DM,
CVD.
is
suggested
alleviate
cognitive
impairment
oxidative
damage,
reduce
inflammation,
inhibit
lipid
accumulation
attenuate
symptoms
putatively
enhance
intestinal
epithelial
barrier,
maintain
homeostasis.
Now,
provide
general
description
relationships
between
various
physiological
pathological
processes,
which
support
an
opportunity
for
diet
intervention
diseases.
Gut Microbes,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: Jan. 31, 2024
There
is
mounting
evidence
regarding
the
role
of
gut
microbiota
in
anorexia
nervosa
(AN).
Previous
studies
have
reported
that
patients
with
AN
show
dysbiosis
compared
to
healthy
controls
(HCs);
however,
underlying
mechanisms
are
unclear,
and
data
on
influencing
factors
longitudinal
course
microbiome
changes
scarce.
Here,
we
present
57
adolescent
inpatients
diagnosed
at
up
nine
time
points
(including
a
1-year
follow-up
examination)
compare
these
six
34
HCs.
16S
rRNA
gene
sequencing
was
used
investigate
composition
fecal
samples,
food
intake,
weight
change,
hormonal
recovery
(leptin
levels),
clinical
outcomes
were
recorded.
Differences
HCs
greatest
during
acute
starvation
low-weight
group,
while
diminishing
gain
especially
follow-up.
Illness
duration
prior
loss
strongly
associated
hospital
admission,
whereas
microbial
treatment
kilocalories
consumed,
gain,
recovery.
The
admission
prognostic
for
readmission,
higher
abundance
Sutterella
body
Identifying
clinically
important
further
underlines
potential
relevance
may
help
elucidate
pathophysiology
gut-brain
interactions
AN.
characterization
prognostically
relevant
taxa
could
be
useful
stratify
potentially
identify
candidate
future
supplementation
aimed
improving
treatment.
Gut Microbes,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
17(1)
Published: Feb. 16, 2025
The
gut
microbiota-derived
metabolite
indole-3-propionic
acid
(IPA)
plays
an
important
role
in
maintaining
intestinal
mucosal
homeostasis,
while
the
molecular
mechanisms
underlying
IPA
regulation
on
CD4+
T
cell
functions
inflammatory
bowel
disease
(IBD)
remain
elusive.
Here
we
investigated
roles
of
modulating
cells
and
its
therapeutic
potential
treatment
human
IBD.
Leveraging
metabolomics
microbial
community
analyses,
observed
that
levels
IPA-producing
microbiota
(e.g.
Peptostreptococcus,
Clostridium,
Fournierella)
were
decreased,
IPA-consuming
Parabacteroides,
Erysipelatoclostridium,
Lachnoclostridium)
increased
feces
IBD
patients
than
those
healthy
donors.
Dextran
sulfate
sodium
(DSS)-induced
acute
colitis
CD45RBhighCD4+
transfer-induced
chronic
models
then
established
mice
treated
orally
with
to
study
inflammation
vivo.
We
found
oral
administration
attenuated
both
mice,
as
characterized
by
body
weight,
reduced
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
TNF-α,
IFN-γ,
IL-17A)
histological
scores
colon.
further
utilized
RNA
sequencing,
docking
simulations,
surface
plasmon
resonance
analyses
identified
exerts
biological
effects
interacting
heat
shock
protein
70
(HSP70),
leading
inducing
Th1/Th17
apoptosis.
Consistently,
ectopic
expression
HSP70
conferred
resistance
IPA-induced
Therefore,
these
findings
identify
a
previously
unrecognized
pathway
which
modulates
provide
promising
avenue
for
Gut,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. gutjnl - 333397
Published: Feb. 17, 2025
The
link
between
gut
microbiome
and
eating
behaviours,
especially
palatable
food
intake,
is
a
growing
focus
of
scientific
investigation.
complex
ecosystem
microorganisms
in
the
influences
host
metabolism,
immune
function
neurobehavioural
signalling.
This
review
explores
role
neuroinflammation
dysregulations
food-induced
reward
signalling
potential
causal
microbiota
on
these
proinflammatory
processes.
Particular
attention
given
to
disorders
(ED,
specifically
anorexia
nervosa,
binge
disorder
bulimia
nervosa)
links
with
microbiota,
alterations
neuroinflammation.
Finally,
we
propose
modulation
as
promising
therapeutic
strategy
ED.
Cell,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 1, 2024
The
microbiota
in
individual
habitats
differ
both
relative
composition
and
absolute
abundance.
While
sequencing
approaches
determine
the
abundances
of
taxa
genes,
they
do
not
provide
information
on
their
abundances.
Here,
we
developed
a
machine-learning
approach
to
predict
fecal
microbial
loads
(microbial
cells
per
gram)
solely
from
abundance
data.
Applying
our
prediction
model
large-scale
metagenomic
dataset
(n
=
34,539),
demonstrated
that
load
is
major
determinant
gut
microbiome
variation
associated
with
numerous
host
factors,
including
age,
diet,
medication.
We
further
found
for
several
diseases,
changes
load,
rather
than
disease
condition
itself,
more
strongly
explained
alterations
patients'
microbiome.
Adjusting
this
effect
substantially
reduced
statistical
significance
majority
disease-associated
species.
Our
analysis
reveals
confounder
studies,
highlighting
its
importance
understanding
health
disease.
