Spermidine improves gut barrier integrity and gut microbiota function in diet-induced obese mice

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 1832857 - 1832857

Published: Nov. 5, 2020

Obesity is associated with impaired intestinal barrier function and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Spermidine, a polyamine that acts as an autophagy inducer, has important benefits in patients aging-associated diseases metabolic dysfunction. However, mechanism spermidine on obesity remains unclear. Here, we show intake negatively correlated both humans mice. Spermidine supplementation causes significant loss weight improves insulin resistance diet-induced obese (DIO) These effects are alleviation endotoxemia enhancement function, which might be mediated through pathway TLR4-mediated microbial signaling transduction. Moreover, alteration microbiota composition function. Microbiota depletion compromises while transplantation spermidine-altered confers protection against obesity. changes partly driven by SCFA-producing bacterium, Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group, was decreased subjects subsequently increased spermidine. Notably, change group significantly enhanced induced Our results indicate may serve viable therapy for

Language: Английский

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Knee Osteoarthritis: A Review of Pathogenesis and State-Of-The-Art Non-Operative Therapeutic Considerations

Genes, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 854 - 854

Published: July 26, 2020

Being the most common musculoskeletal progressive condition, osteoarthritis is an interesting target for research. It estimated that prevalence of knee (OA) among adults 60 years age or older approximately 10% in men and 13% women, making OA one leading causes disability elderly population. Today, we know not a disease characterized by loss cartilage due to mechanical loading only, but condition affects all tissues joint, causing detectable changes tissue architecture, its metabolism function. All these are mediated complex yet fully researched interplay proinflammatory anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors adipokines, which can be measured serum, synovium histological samples, potentially serving as biomarkers stage progression. Another key aspect progression epigenome regulates genetic expression through DNA methylation, histone modifications, mRNA interference. A lot work has been put into developing non-surgical treatment options slow down natural course postpone, maybe even replace extensive surgeries such total arthroplasty. At moment, biological treatments platelet-rich plasma, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells autologous microfragmented adipose containing stromal vascular fraction ordinarily used. Furthermore, latter two mentioned cell-based seem only methods so far increase quality patients. Yet, future, gene therapy could become option orthopedic In following review, summarized latest important research basic sciences, pathogenesis, non-operative treatment.

Language: Английский

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Body-mass index and risk of obesity-related complex multimorbidity: an observational multicohort study

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 253 - 263

Published: March 4, 2022

The accumulation of disparate diseases in complex multimorbidity makes prevention difficult if each disease is targeted separately. We aimed to examine obesity as a shared risk factor for common diseases, determine associations between obesity-related and the role development (four or more comorbid diseases).

Language: Английский

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RETRACTED: Obesity and mortality of COVID-19. Meta-analysis

Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 295 - 300

Published: July 1, 2020

Language: Английский

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Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus: connections in epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatments

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 21, 2023

The prevalence of obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) has been consistently increasing worldwide. Sharing powerful genetic environmental features in their pathogenesis, amplifies the impact susceptibility factors on DM. ectopic expansion adipose tissue excessive accumulation certain nutrients metabolites sabotage metabolic balance via insulin resistance, dysfunctional autophagy, microbiome-gut-brain axis, further exacerbating dysregulation immunometabolism through low-grade systemic inflammation, leading to an accelerated loss functional β-cells gradual elevation blood glucose. Given these intricate connections, most available treatments type 2 DM (T2DM) have a mutual effect each other. For example, anti-obesity drugs can be anti-diabetic some extent, medicines, contrast, shown increase body weight, such as insulin. Meanwhile, surgical procedures, especially bariatric surgery, are more effective for both T2DM. Besides guaranteeing availability accessibility all diagnostic therapeutic tools, clinical experimental investigations pathogenesis two diseases warranted improve efficacy safety newly developed treatments.

Language: Английский

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Lipids in the tumor microenvironment: From cancer progression to treatment

Progress in Lipid Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 80, P. 101055 - 101055

Published: Aug. 11, 2020

Language: Английский

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Combined lifestyle factors and risk of incident type 2 diabetes and prognosis among individuals with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

Diabetologia, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 63(1), P. 21 - 33

Published: Sept. 3, 2019

Language: Английский

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Obesity cardiomyopathy: evidence, mechanisms, and therapeutic implications

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 101(4), P. 1745 - 1807

Published: May 5, 2021

The prevalence of heart failure is on the rise and imposes a major health threat, in part, due to rapidly increased overweight obesity. To this point, epidemiological, clinical, experimental evidence supports existence unique disease entity termed "obesity cardiomyopathy," which develops independent hypertension, coronary disease, other diseases. Our contemporary review evaluates for pathological condition, examines putative responsible mechanisms, discusses therapeutic options disorder. Clinical findings have consolidated presence left ventricular dysfunction Experimental investigations uncovered pathophysiological changes myocardial structure function genetically predisposed diet-induced Indeed, consolidates wide array cellular molecular mechanisms underlying etiology obesity cardiomyopathy including adipose tissue dysfunction, systemic inflammation, metabolic disturbances (insulin resistance, abnormal glucose transport, spillover free fatty acids, lipotoxicity, amino acid derangement), altered intracellular especially mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis, oxidative stress, autophagy/mitophagy defect, fibrosis, dampened flow reserve, microvascular (microangiopathy), endothelial impairment. Given important role risk failure, that with preserved systolic recent rises COVID-19-associated cardiovascular mortality, should provide compelling cardiomyopathy, various comorbid conditions, offer new insights into potential approaches (pharmacological lifestyle modification) clinical management cardiomyopathy.

Language: Английский

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MicroRNA-mediated regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(6), P. 425 - 438

Published: March 26, 2021

Language: Английский

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Dietary Fructose and the Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 1987 - 1987

Published: Aug. 22, 2019

Abstract: Consumption of fructose, the sweetest all naturally occurring carbohydrates, has increased dramatically in last 40 years and is today commonly used commercially soft drinks, juice, baked goods. These products comprise a large proportion modern diet, particular children, adolescents, young adults. A body evidence associate consumption fructose other sugar-sweetened beverages with insulin resistance, intrahepatic lipid accumulation, hypertriglyceridemia. In long term, these risk factors may contribute to development type 2 diabetes cardiovascular diseases. Fructose absorbed small intestine metabolized liver where it stimulates fructolysis, glycolysis, lipogenesis, glucose production. This result hypertriglyceridemia fatty liver. Therefore, understanding mechanisms underlying intestinal hepatic metabolism important. Here we review recent linking excessive health markers components Metabolic Syndrome.

Language: Английский

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