The Impact of Diet and Physical Activity on Fat-to-Lean Mass Ratio DOI Open Access
Elvira Padua, Massimiliano Caprio, Alessandra Feraco

et al.

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 19 - 19

Published: Dec. 20, 2023

In this retrospective study, we evaluated the efficacy of a personalised low-calorie Mediterranean Diet (MD) in promoting fat mass (FM) reduction while preserving fat-free (FFM). This study involved 100 Caucasian adults aged 18–65 years who followed tailored MD for two months. The total energy expenditure was assessed using multi-sensor armband. change body composition (BC) Δ% FM-to-FFM ratio, calculated as difference FM to FFM ratio before and after diet, divided by multiplied 100. A negative value indicates greater decrease than FFM, positive suggests increase FFM. demonstrated significant reduction, with an average 5% (p < 0.001). However, relationship between caloric showed weak correlation (r = −0.03, p > 0.05). that calorie deficit had minimal direct impact on BC changes. Subjects over age 30 muscle mass, younger subjects no Moreover, observed changes MET (Metabolic Equivalent Task) values indicating improved physical activity intensity positively influences BC. female subgroup, high protein intake, exercise intensity, duration were correlated improvement ratio. individuals BMI 20–25 kg/m2, fibre intake surprisingly negatively underscores intricate interplay restriction, It also individual factors, including age, gender, BMI, may influence response MD. further prospective studies larger sample sizes are necessary confirm expand upon these findings.

Language: Английский

Revisiting the role of IL-27 in obesity-related metabolic diseases: safeguard or perturbation? DOI Creative Commons

Jinyang An,

Dzgoeva Fu,

Ximei Chen

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

The prevalence of metabolic diseases, such as obesity, has been steadily increasing in recent years, posing a significant threat to public health. Therefore, early identification and intervention play crucial role. With the deepening understanding etiology novel therapeutic targets are emerging for treatment lipid metabolism disorders, cardiovascular cerebrovascular glucose other related conditions. IL-27, multi-potent cytokine, holds great promise potential candidate target this regard. This article provides comprehensive review latest findings on IL-27 expression signal transduction regulation immune inflammatory cells, well its implications obesity diseases. Furthermore, it explores disorders. Finally, an overview is presented both opportunities challenges associated with targeting interventions.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Adipocyte p53 coordinates the response to intermittent fasting by regulating adipose tissue immune cell landscape DOI Creative Commons
Isabel Reinisch, Helene Michenthaler, Alba Sulaj

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

In obesity, sustained adipose tissue (AT) inflammation constitutes a cellular memory that limits the effectiveness of weight loss interventions. Yet, impact fasting regimens on regulation AT immune infiltration is still elusive. Here we show intermittent (IF) exacerbates lipid-associated macrophage (LAM) inflammatory phenotype visceral in obese mice. Importantly, this increase LAM abundance strongly p53 dependent and partly mediated by p53-driven adipocyte apoptosis. Adipocyte-specific deletion prevents accumulation during IF, increases catabolic state adipocytes, enhances systemic metabolic flexibility insulin sensitivity. Finally, cohorts obese/diabetic patients, describe polymorphism links to efficacy fasting-mimicking diet expression TREM2 negatively correlates with maintaining after bariatric surgery. Overall, our results demonstrate signalling adipocytes dictates under IF modulates mice humans.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Mechanisms of Lipid‐Associated Macrophage Accrual in Metabolically Stressed Adipose Tissue DOI Creative Commons
Isabel Reinisch,

Sarah Enzenhofer,

Andreas Prokesch

et al.

BioEssays, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 19, 2025

ABSTRACT Adipose tissue (AT) inflammation, a hallmark of the metabolic syndrome, is triggered by overburdened adipocytes sending out immune cell recruitment signals during obesity development. An AT landscape persistent throughout weight loss and regain constitutes an immune‐obesogenic memory that hinders long‐term management. Lipid‐associated macrophages (LAMs) are emerging as major players in diseased, inflamed tissues may be key contributors to obesogenic AT. Our previous study found LAM abundance increases with via intermittent fasting (IF) obese mice, which driven adipocyte p53 signalling. However, specific causing accumulation under IF remain unknown. In this piece, we hypothesise on range adipocyte‐secreted can harbor immune‐attractive features upon fasting/refeeding cycles. We highlight possible mechanisms including death signalling, matrikines, other damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), well adipo(‐cyto)kines, lipid mediators, metabolites, extracellular vesicles, epigenetic rewiring. Finally, consider how advances gleaned from preclinical models might translatable management humans. Thus, provide vantage points driving monocyte recruitment, polarisation towards LAMs, retention, harness therapeutic potential modulating levels impacting disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
The Impact of Ketogenic Nutrition on Obesity and Metabolic Health: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications DOI Creative Commons

Marta Biesiekierska,

Maura Strigini, Agnieszka Śliwińska

et al.

Nutrition Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

The ketogenic diet (KD) has recently gained increasing popularity. This high-fat, adequate-protein, and carbohydrate-poor eating pattern leads to nutritional ketosis. KD long been known for its antidiabetic antiepileptic effects used therapeutically in these contexts. Recently, the KD, due effectiveness inducing weight loss, also proposed as a possible approach treat obesity. Likewise, is currently explored supporting element treatment of obesity-associated metabolic disorders certain forms cancer. Here, we discuss biochemical mechanisms at play during shift metabolism fatty acids acid-derived ketone bodies main fuel molecules, substitution carbohydrates, nutrition. Different sources KDs alternatives glucose carbohydrates energy substrates are discussed, together with an attempt weigh benefits risks posed by chronic use context considering molecular that exert on endocrine system.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Neuroendocrine gut–brain signaling in obesity DOI Creative Commons
Tim Gruber,

Franziska Lechner,

Jean‐Philippe Krieger

et al.

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 1, 2024

The past decades have witnessed the rise and fall of several, largely unsuccessful, therapeutic attempts to bring escalating obesity pandemic a halt. Looking back look ahead, field has now put its highest hopes in translating insights from how gastrointestinal (GI) tract communicates with brain calibrate behavior, physiology, metabolism. A major focus this review is summarize latest advances comprehending neuroendocrine aspects so-called 'gut-brain axis' explore novel concepts, cutting-edge technologies, recent paradigm-shifting experiments. These exciting continue refine our understanding gut-brain crosstalk are poised promote development additional avenues at dawn new era antiobesity therapeutics.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Leptin, NK cells, and the weight of immunity: Insights into obesity DOI
Arthur Gomes de Andrade, Shayenne Eduarda Ramos Vanderley, Luana Costa de Souza Marques

et al.

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 147, P. 113992 - 113992

Published: Jan. 5, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Time to weight plateau with tirzepatide treatment in the SURMOUNT‐1 and SURMOUNT‐4 clinical trials DOI Creative Commons
Deborah B. Horn, Scott Kahan, Rachel L. Batterham

et al.

Clinical Obesity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 12, 2025

Summary The rate of weight reduction during obesity treatment declines over time and eventually reaches a plateau. We investigated factors associated with to plateau (TTWP) in tirzepatide‐treated participants or overweight post‐hoc analysis SURMOUNT‐1 SURMOUNT‐4 trials. Participants adherent tirzepatide achieving ≥5% loss by primary endpoint (week 72 SURMOUNT‐1; week 88 SURMOUNT‐4) were included. Weight was defined as change <5% 12‐week interval all subsequent intervals. TTWP from randomization the start first interval. Association between baseline characteristics assessed. Overall, 1438 259 Across BMI categories (overweight, class I, II, III), median 24.3, 26.0, 36.1, 36.1 weeks, respectively ( p <.05, II III vs. overweight). By 72%, 90.2%, 88.9%, 87.6%, 87.8% had reached across respective categories. Higher doses (10/15 mg), younger age, female sex more likely reach later. Results similar. In this analysis, most 72. tirzepatide, longer TTWP. Further research into modifiers phases may inform decisions for its use chronic management. Clinical Trial Registration : ClinicalTrials.gov , identifiers NCT04184622 (SURMOUNT‐1) NCT04660643 (SURMOUNT‐4), available at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Safety and Efficacy of Dietary Epigallocatechin Gallate Supplementation for the Management of Obesity and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Recent Updates DOI Creative Commons

Ruike Yan,

Yanli Cao

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 206 - 206

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the predominant bioactive catechin in green tea, and it has been ascribed a range of beneficial health effects. Current increases obesity non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rates represent persistent burdensome threat to global public health. While many clinical studies have demonstrated that EGCG associated with positive effects on various parameters, including metabolic biomarkers, waist circumference, body weight when consumed by individuals affected NAFLD, there are also some reports suggesting may entail degree hepatotoxicity. The present review provides comprehensive summary extant findings pertaining safety effectiveness managing particular focus how treatment duration dose level affect bioactivity this compound.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
GPCRs in hypothalamic neurons and their roles in controlling food intake and metabolism DOI Creative Commons
Tian Qiu,

Ou Fu

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) subtypes within the hypothalamus play a pivotal role in maintaining body homeostasis, particularly regulation of food intake and energy metabolism. This review provides an overview classical loss gain-of-function studies on GPCRs related to feeding metabolism, with focus emerging cell-type-specific investigations. These reveal that diverse GPCR-expressing neuronal populations are intricately linked balance. We also discuss recent findings highlight interaction distinct peptide-GPCR systems modulating complex behaviors.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Mechanism of weight regain - The role of epigenetic modification in adipocytes DOI Creative Commons
Yue Zhao,

Xiwen Ma,

Jianping Ye

et al.

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0