Trends in Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 167(1), P. 4 - 22
Published: April 24, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
16
Foods, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 377 - 377
Published: Jan. 24, 2025
Celiac disease is attributable to a combination of genetic predisposition and exposure dietary gluten, with immune system involvement. The incidence increasing globally, the societal economic burden celiac stretches beyond cost gluten-free food. This enteropathy that affects small intestine has been related different disorders comorbidities. Thus, implications suffering from this are multidimensional need further consideration. serious condition remains under-recognized, resulting in an increased for programs better management. review aims summarize current evidence regarding diseases, special emphasis on clinical implications, diagnosis, management, socioeconomical aspects, future perspectives.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Gastroenterology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: March 1, 2024
Non-responsive celiac disease (NRCD) is relatively common. It generally attributed to persistent gluten exposure and resolves after correction of diet errors. However, other complications CD disorders clinically mimicking CD, need be excluded. Novel therapies are being evaluated facilitate mucosal recovery, which might benefit NRCD patients. Refractory (RCD) rare currently divided into two types. The etiology RCD type 1 (RCDI) unclear, a possible switch gluten-independent autoimmunity suspected in some patients, while II (RCDII) represents low-grade intraepithelial lymphoma. RCDI remains diagnosis exclusion, requiring ruling out intake non-malignant causes villous atrophy. Diagnosis RCDII relies on the demonstration clonal population neoplastic lymphocytes with an atypical immunophenotype. responds open capsule budesonide, but latter has dismal prognosis due severe malnutrition frequent progression Enteropathy-associated T cell lymphoma more efficient therapy needed.
Language: Английский
Citations
14
Gut, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73(5), P. 844 - 853
Published: Feb. 20, 2024
Serum antibodies to the autoantigen transglutaminase 2 (TG2) are increasingly harnessed diagnose coeliac disease. Diagnostic guidelines for children give recommendation a no-biopsy-based diagnosis through detection of high amounts IgA anti-TG2 in serum with confirmation positivity separate blood sample by characteristic autoantibody-staining tissue. While measurement also is important diagnostic workup adults, adult still mandate examination gut biopsies. This requirement might well change future, as necessity confirming autoantibody tissue staining. The key role serology disease paradoxical. Coeliac was considered, and can be food intolerance disorder where autoantibodies at face value out place. immunological mechanisms underlying formation response gluten exposure have been dissected. review presents current insights demonstrating that intimately integrated maladapted immune gluten.
Language: Английский
Citations
5
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(10), P. 687 - 709
Published: Aug. 8, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
4
Science Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(790)
Published: March 19, 2025
Celiac disease, a gluten-sensitive enteropathy, demonstrates strong human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association, with more than 90% of patients carrying the HLA-DQ2.5 allotype. No therapy is available for condition except lifelong gluten-free diet. To address this gap, we explored therapeutic potential regulatory T cells (Tregs). By orthotopic replacement cell receptors (TCRs) through homology-directed repair, generated gluten-reactive HLA-DQ2.5-restricted CD4+ engineered (e) effector (Teffs) and eTregs performed in vivo experiments transgenic mice. Of five validated TCRs, TCRs specific two immunodominant deamidated gluten epitopes (DQ2.5-glia-α1a DQ2.5-glia-α2) were selected further evaluation. eTeffs exposed to oral gavage colocalized dendritic B Peyer's patches gut-draining lymph nodes specifically migrated intestine. The suppressive function correlated high TCR functional activity. one epitope suppressed proliferation gut migration same other epitope, demonstrating bystander suppression. suppression requires an antigen-specific activation given that polyclonal Tregs failed suppress eTeffs. These findings highlight as celiac disease.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Seminars in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 78, P. 101960 - 101960
Published: April 23, 2025
Coeliac disease and food allergy management primarily relies on the strict avoidance of dietary antigens. This approach is challenging to maintain in real-world settings carries risk life-threatening anaphylaxis. Despite their distinct pathogenesis, both disorders are driven by maladaptive responses proteins, creating opportunities for shared treatment strategies. In allergy, desensitisation therapies such as oral, sublingual, epicutaneous immunotherapy well-established, complemented biologics like omalizumab dupilumab. However, induction sustained tolerance remains challenging. contrast, therapeutic advancements coeliac still early stages. Current efforts focus gluten detoxification or modification, immune blockade modulation, tolerogenic approaches, barrier restoration. Emerging therapies, including JAK BTK inhibitors microbiome-targeted interventions, support further targeted options conditions. Biomarkers tracking gluten-specific T cells have emerged valuable tools immunomonitoring symptom assessment disease, although standardisation patient-reported outcome measures challenge protocols needed. Food trials reliant double-blind placebo-controlled challenges measure allergen reactivity, but these time-consuming, carry risks, underscore need surrogate biomarkers. The successful development immune-targeted will require building an toolset optimally assess systemic antigens Clinically, this could lead better outcomes patients who might otherwise remain undiagnosed untreated due absence significant enteropathy allergen-specific symptoms.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Immunological Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Sept. 18, 2024
The critical importance of the immunoregulatory mechanisms, which prevent adverse responses to dietary proteins is demonstrated by consequences their failure in two common but distinct human pathological conditions, food allergy and celiac disease. mechanisms tolerance have been extensively studied mouse models extent results mice can be extrapolated humans remains unclear. Here, after summarizing known control oral models, we discuss how monogenic immune disorders associated with on one hand, disease, other represent model diseases gain insight into key pathways that antigens humans. spectrum disorders, dysfunction a single gene, strongly TH2-mediated suggests an important overlap between regulate TH2 IgE mice. In contrast, disease provides unique example link autoimmunity loss antigen.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15
Published: Sept. 9, 2024
Coeliac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder caused by the ingestion of gluten-containing grains. One prerequisites for development presence specific combinations HLA alleles at DQA1 and DQB1 loci. The test a supportive diagnostic test. In Czech Republic, approximately 3,500 tests CD diagnosis are performed annually in almost three dozen laboratories. Department Institute Haematology Blood Transfusion Prague has been offering EPT "Detection Alleles Associated with Diseases" more than 10 years. results evaluated terms correct determination predisposing alleles/allelic groups clinical interpretation. Every year, we notice some problems detection CD-associated interpretation results. Annual workshops part this EPT, they also include recommendations This evolving based on current knowledge field. recommendation was adopted 2023, dividing HLA-DQA1/DQB1 genotypes into categories: 1) detected genotype associated predisposition to coeliac disease; 2) could not be excluded genotype; 3) high probability genotype. quality examination increasing but still needs improvement. Correct accurate can inform clinicians' decisions about appropriate patients.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Trends in Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Oct. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
0