Population genomics for wildlife conservation and management

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 30(1), P. 62 - 82

Published: Nov. 4, 2020

Biodiversity is under threat worldwide. Over the past decade, field of population genomics has developed across nonmodel organisms, and results this research have begun to be applied in conservation management wildlife species. Genomics tools can provide precise estimates basic features populations, such as effective size, inbreeding, demographic history structure, that are critical for efforts. Moreover, studies identify particular genetic loci variants responsible inbreeding depression or adaptation changing environments, allowing efforts estimate capacity populations evolve adapt response environmental change manage adaptive variation. While connections from been slow develop, these increasingly strengthening. Here we review primary areas which approaches management, highlight examples how they used, recommendations building on progress made field.

Language: Английский

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How genomics can help biodiversity conservation

Trends in Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 39(7), P. 545 - 559

Published: Feb. 16, 2023

The availability of public genomic resources can greatly assist biodiversity assessment, conservation, and restoration efforts by providing evidence for scientifically informed management decisions. Here we survey the main approaches applications in conservation genomics, considering practical factors, such as cost, time, prerequisite skills, current shortcomings applications. Most perform best combination with reference genomes from target species or closely related species. We review case studies to illustrate how facilitate research across tree life. conclude that time is ripe view fundamental integrate their use a practice genomics.

Language: Английский

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A global parasite conservation plan

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 250, P. 108596 - 108596

Published: Aug. 1, 2020

Language: Английский

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Bacteroidetes bacteria in the soil: Glycan acquisition, enzyme secretion, and gliding motility

Advances in applied microbiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 63 - 98

Published: Dec. 5, 2019

Language: Английский

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dartR v2: An accessible genetic analysis platform for conservation, ecology and agriculture

Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 2150 - 2158

Published: June 11, 2022

Abstract Innumerable approaches to analyse genetic data are now available guide conservation, ecological and agricultural projects. However, streamlined accessible tools needed bring these within the reach of a broader user base. dartR was released in 2018 lessen intrinsic complexity analysing single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) dominant markers (presence/absence amplified sequence tags) by providing user‐friendly quality control marker selection functions. users have grown steadily since its release provided valuable feedback on their interaction with package allowing us enhance capabilities. Here, we present Version 2 . In this version, substantially increased number functions from 45 144. addition improved functionality, focused enhancing experience extending plot customisation, function standardisation, increasing support speed. provides for various stages data, manipulation reporting. many importing, exporting linking other packages, provide an easy‐to‐navigate conduit between generation analysis options already via packages. We also implemented simulation whose results can be analysed seamlessly several As more methods mature inform envision that platforms will play crucial role translating science into practice.

Language: Английский

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Challenges to the Reforestation Pipeline in the United States

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Feb. 4, 2021

Large-scale global reforestation goals have been proposed to help mitigate climate change and provide other ecosystem services. To explore potential in the United States, we used GIS analyses, surveys of nursery managers foresters, literature synthesis assess opportunities challenges associated with meeting goals. We considered a scenario where 26 million hectares (64 acres) natural agricultural lands are reforested by 2040 30 billion trees at an estimated cost $33 ($24–$53) USD. Cost per hectare will vary region, site conditions, factors. This would require increasing number tree seedlings produced each year 1.7 billion, 2.3-fold increase over current production levels. Additional investment (not included estimate) be needed expand capacity for seed collection, seedling production, workforce development, improvements pre- post-planting practices. Achieving this public support investing these activities incentives landowners.

Language: Английский

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Soil salinity and drought tolerance: An evaluation of plant growth, productivity, microbial diversity, and amelioration strategies

Plant Stress, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100319 - 100319

Published: Dec. 10, 2023

Global climate change affects weather patterns, affecting soil salinity and drought tolerance. Crop resilience agriculture sustainability can be enhanced by exploring salinity, plant tolerance, microbial diversity, remediation techniques. This review examines the morpho-physiological, molecular, genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation to stress. It highlights their impact on growth, productivity, diversity. Diverse methods are investigated tackle stress, encompassing chemical, physical, biological approaches. Additionally, water-efficient agricultural practices drought-resistant crop varieties presented as ways increase tolerance these stresses. These implications for sustainable emphasize potential of findings optimize resource utilization, yield, promote environmental sustainability. The concludes discussing future research directions, particularly need more study into molecular basis plant-microbe interactions stress mechanisms. By advancing our knowledge in this field, we develop innovative solutions mitigate ensuring food security changing climates.

Language: Английский

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Restore or Redefine: Future Trajectories for Restoration

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: April 17, 2020

Global habitat deterioration of marine ecosystems has led to a need for active interventions halt or reverse the loss ecological function. Restoration historically been key tool and restore functions, but extent which this will be sufficient under future climates is uncertain. Emerging genetic technologies now provide ability restoration proactively match adaptability target species predicted environmental conditions, opens up possibility boosting resistance stress in degraded threatened habitats. As such, choice whether historical baselines anticipate remains decision that influence success face climate change. Here, we present an overview different motives – recover revive lost habitats extant states, reinforce redefine conditions. We focus on adaptive choices underpin each option subsequent consequences success. These options span range possible trajectories, technological advances societal acceptability, represent framework progressing forming into future.

Language: Английский

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Genotype–Environment mismatch of kelp forests under climate change

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 30(15), P. 3730 - 3746

Published: May 21, 2021

Climate change is increasingly impacting ecosystems globally. Understanding adaptive genetic diversity and whether it will keep pace with projected climatic necessary to assess species' vulnerability design efficient mitigation strategies such as assisted adaptation. Kelp forests are the foundations of temperate reefs globally but declining in many regions due climate stress. A lack knowledge kelp's hinders assessment under extant future climates. Using 4245 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we characterized patterns neutral putative for dominant kelp southern hemisphere (Ecklonia radiata) from ~1000 km coastline off Western Australia. Strong population structure isolation-by-distance was underpinned by significant signatures selection related temperature light. Gradient forest analysis temperature-linked SNPs revealed a strong association mean annual range, suggesting adaptation local thermal environments. Critically, modelling that predicted climate-mediated changes probably result high genomic via mismatch between current genotype-environment relationships Australia need significantly adapt change. Proactive management techniques boost resilience may be required secure these immense ecological economic values they support.

Language: Английский

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Life in Deserts: The Genetic Basis of Mammalian Desert Adaptation

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 36(7), P. 637 - 650

Published: April 14, 2021

Deserts are among the harshest environments on Earth. The multiple ages of different deserts and their global distribution provide a unique opportunity to study repeated adaptation at timescales. Here, we summarize recent genomic research genetic mechanisms underlying desert adaptations in mammals. Several studies mammals show large overlap functional classes genes pathways, consistent with complexity variety phenotypes associated water food scarcity extreme temperatures. However, also challenged by lack accurate genotype-phenotype-environment maps. We encourage development systems that facilitate analyses, but acknowledge need for more wider

Language: Английский

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