Restoration, soil organisms, and soil processes: emerging approaches

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 28(S4)

Published: July 21, 2020

Better understanding of the connection between aboveground plant communities and belowground soil organisms processes has led to an explosion in recent research on applications this link field ecological restoration. Research is only beginning have capacity specific ecosystem functions. Establishing general principles role microbial during restoration also still its infancy. As such, literature at a critical point generate Special Feature that brings together novel approaches linking promote more regular inclusion consideration soil‐based In special feature, we bring nine articles from different ecosystems study relationship activities, communities, properties. From these articles, describe two primary themes: (1) impacts ecosystem‐specific activities (2) testing methods manipulation improve outcomes. We hope inspire readers practitioners consider microbes their research, projects, world views.

Language: Английский

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Combining genotype, phenotype, and environmental data to delineate site‐adjusted provenance strategies for ecological restoration

Molecular Ecology Resources, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(1), P. 44 - 58

Published: May 18, 2020

Abstract Despite the importance of climate‐adjusted provenancing to mitigate effects environmental change, climatic considerations alone are insufficient when restoring highly degraded sites. Here we propose a comprehensive landscape genomic approach assist restoration moderately disturbed and To illustrate it employ data sets comprising thousands single nucleotide polymorphisms from two plant species suitable for iron‐rich Amazonian Savannas. We first use subset neutral loci assess genetic structure determine neighbourhood size. then identify genotype‐phenotype‐environment associations, map adaptive variation, predict genotypes Whereas local provenances were found optimal restore site, mixture seemed most promising strategy recover mining site. discuss how our results can help define site‐adjusted strategies, argue that methods be more broadly applied other initiatives.

Language: Английский

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Ecological engineering approaches in coral reef restoration

ICES Journal of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 78(1), P. 410 - 420

Published: Feb. 7, 2020

Abstract The combined accelerated footprint of climate change and enhanced anthropogenic pressures the poor outcomes many traditional management activities raise needs for active reef restoration tactics (targeting coral mariculture/transplantation), backed by ecological engineering approaches. These approaches include, among others, use ecosystem engineer species, which, through modifications in their physical or biological properties, they create new habitats characterized novel biodiversity (through either autogeny allogeny acts). Only a small number studies on have discussed/mentioned “ecological engineering” “coral engineering”. Examining publications (2016–2019; 145 publications) reveals only 39 (26.9%) dealing with aspects, 10 classes “applications” (26 4 “properties” (n = 13). Ecological incorporate all aspects restoration, while deal assisted genetics, chimerism, aqua-culturing reef-dwelling organisms, consideration life history parameters maricultured/transplanted key species. Yet, applications focus particular addressing specific community issues, few address entire ecosystem/landscape restoration. It is concluded that rather than trying to return ecosystems historic states, should shift towards creating not existed before.

Language: Английский

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The Genetic Component of Seagrass Restoration: What We Know and the Way Forwards

Water, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 829 - 829

Published: March 18, 2021

Seagrasses are marine flowering plants providing key ecological services and functions in coasts estuaries across the globe. Increased environmental changes fueled by human activities affecting their existence, compromising natural habitats ecosystems’ biodiversity functioning. In this context, restoration of disturbed seagrass environments has become a worldwide priority to reverse ecosystem degradation recover functionality associated services. Despite proven importance genetic research perform successful projects, aspect often been overlooked restoration. Here, we aimed provide comprehensive perspective aspects related To end, first reviewed studying diversity population structure target populations; then, discussed pros cons different approaches used restore and/or reinforce degraded populations. general, collection information development connectivity maps critical steps for any activity. Traditionally, selection donor preferred use local gene pools, thought be best adapted current conditions. However, face rapid ocean changes, alternative such as climate-adjusted or admixture genotypes might more sustainable options secure survival restored meadows. Also, transplantation strategies applied seagrasses emphasized long-term monitoring The newly developed on epigenetics well application assisted evolution were also explored. Finally, view legal ethical issues national international management is included, highlighting improvements potential new directions integrate with assessment. We concluded that good effort should incorporate: (1) understanding both donors populations being restored; (2) analysis conditions disturbances affect site (3) adaptation constraints influencing performances native plants; (4) integration distribution/connectivity factors relative (5) planning programs assess performance inclusion epigenetic knowledge strongly hoped future.

Language: Английский

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Ecological complexity and the biosphere: the next 30 years

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(1857)

Published: June 27, 2022

Global warming, habitat loss and overexploitation of limited resources are leading to alarming biodiversity declines. Ecosystems complex adaptive systems that display multiple alternative states can shift from one another in abrupt ways. Some these tipping points have been identified predicted by mathematical computational models. Moreover, scales involved potential mitigation or intervention scenarios tied particular levels complexity, cells human–environment coupled systems. In dealing with a biosphere where humans part complex, endangered ecological network, novel theoretical engineering approaches need be considered. At the centre most research efforts is biodiversity, which essential maintain community resilience ecosystem services. What done mitigate, counterbalance prevent points? Using 30-year window, we explore recent sense, preserve restore as well number proposed interventions (from afforestation bioengineering) directed mitigate reverse collapse. The year 2050 taken representative future horizon combines time scale deep changes will occur solutions might effective. This article theme issue ‘Ecological complexity biosphere: next 30 years’.

Language: Английский

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