Immunotherapy in mastitis: state of knowledge, research gaps and way forward DOI Creative Commons
Afnan Saleem, Sahar Saleem,

Faith Omonijo

et al.

Veterinary Quarterly, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(1), P. 1 - 23

Published: July 7, 2024

Mastitis is an inflammatory condition that affects dairy cow's mammary glands. Traditional treatment approaches with antibiotics are increasingly leading to challenging scenarios such as antimicrobial resistance. In order mitigate the unwanted side effects of antibiotics, alternative strategies those harness host immune system response, also known immunotherapy, have been implemented. Immunotherapy treat bovine mastitis aims enhance response against pathogens by promoting pathogen clearance, and facilitating tissue repair. Various studies demonstrated potential immunotherapy for reducing incidence, duration severity mastitis. Nevertheless, majority reported therapies lacking in specificity hampering their broad application Meanwhile, advancements hold great promise industry, provide effective sustainable alternatives traditional antibiotic-based approaches. This review synthesizes strategies, current understanding future perspectives. The perspectives should focus on development precision immunotherapies tailored address individual pathogens/group pathogens, combination resistance, integration nano- omics technologies. By addressing research gaps, field can make significant strides control, prevention mastitis, ultimately benefiting both animal human health/welfare, environment health.

Language: Английский

Quantification and mapping of RNA modifications DOI
Jun Xiong, Jianyuan Wu, Yu Liu

et al.

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 172, P. 117606 - 117606

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Beyond reader proteins: RNA binding proteins and RNA modifications in conversation to regulate gene expression DOI
Christian Fagre,

Wendy V. Gilbert

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews - RNA, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(2)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Post‐transcriptional mRNA modifications play diverse roles in gene expression and RNA function. In many cases, function by altering how cellular machinery such as binding proteins (RBPs) interact with substrates. For instance, N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is recognized the well‐characterized YTH domain‐containing family of “reader” proteins. other modifications, similar global readers modification status have not been clearly defined. Rather, most interactions between RBPs a more complicated dependence on sequence context modality. The current handful studies that demonstrate impacting protein likely represent only fraction full landscape. this review, we dissect known instances RBP binding, specifically m6A, N1‐methyladenosine (m1A), 5‐methylcytosine (m5C), pseudouridine (Ψ), internal N7‐methylguanosine. We then review biochemical properties these identified including dihydrouridine (D), N4 ‐ acetylcytosine (ac4C), 2′‐O‐Methylation (Nme). focus would be to impact RNA:RBP interactions, changes hydrogen bond potential, base‐stacking efficiency, conformational preferences. effects secondary structure well‐studied, briefly discuss structural imparted can lead changes. Finally, strategies for uncovering as‐yet‐to‐be modification‐sensitive RBP:RNA Interactions. Coordinating future efforts intersect epitranscriptome RNA–protein interactome will illuminate rules governing recognition mechanisms responsible biological consequences modification. This article categorized under: Structure Dynamics > Structure, Chemistry Interactions Proteins Other Molecules Protein‐RNA Recognition Processing Editing Modification

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Chemical Synthesis of Modified RNA DOI Creative Commons

Laurin Flemmich,

Raphael Bereiter,

Ronald Micura

et al.

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 63(22)

Published: March 26, 2024

Ribonucleic acids (RNAs) play a vital role in living organisms. Many of their cellular functions depend critically on chemical modification. Methods to modify RNA controlled manner-both vitro and vivo-are thus essential evaluate understand biology at the molecular mechanistic levels. The diversity modifications, combined with size uniformity (made up only 4 nucleotides) makes its site-specific modification challenging task that needs be addressed by complementary approaches. One such approach is solid-phase synthesis. We discuss recent developments this field, starting new protection concepts ongoing effort overcome current limitations. continue selected modifications have posed significant challenges for incorporation into RNA. These include deazapurine bases required atomic mutagenesis elucidate aspects catalytic RNAs, containing xanthosine, N

Language: Английский

Citations

9
mRNA vaccines in the context of cancer treatment: from concept to application DOI Creative Commons
Qiang Fu, Xiaoming Zhao,

Jinxia Hu

et al.

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Immuno-oncology has witnessed remarkable advancements in the past decade, revolutionizing landscape of cancer therapeutics an encouraging manner. Among diverse immunotherapy strategies, mRNA vaccines have ushered a new era for therapeutic management malignant diseases, primarily due to their impressive impact on COVID-19 pandemic. In this comprehensive review, we offer systematic overview vaccines, focusing optimization structural design, crucial role delivery materials, and administration route. Additionally, summarize preclinical studies clinical trials provide valuable insights into current status treatment. Furthermore, delve discussion significant challenges facing development tumor vaccines. These encompass both intrinsic external factors that are closely intertwined with successful application innovative approach. To pave way more promising future treatments, deeper understanding immunological mechanisms, increasing number high-quality trials, well-established manufacturing platform crucial. Collaborative efforts between scientists, clinicians, industry engineers essential achieving these goals.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
N-acetyltransferase 10 impedes EZH2/H3K27me3/GABARAP axis mediated autophagy and facilitates lung cancer tumorigenesis through enhancing SGK2 mRNA acetylation DOI
Nan Xiao, Hongyang Liu, Ruike Zhang

et al.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 139823 - 139823

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Glucose homeostasis controls N-acetyltransferase 10-mediated ac4C modification of HK2 to drive gastric tumorigenesis DOI Creative Commons
Qiang Wang, Mengmeng Li, Chen Chen

et al.

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 2428 - 2450

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Rationale: Abnormal metabolic states contribute to a variety of diseases, including cancer. RNA modifications have diverse biological functions and are implicated in cancer development, gastric (GC). However, the direct relationship between glucose homeostasis 4-acetylcytosine (ac4C) modification GC remains unclear. Methods: The prognostic value acetyltransferase NAT10 expression was evaluated human cohort. Additionally, preoperative PET/CT data from patients Micro-PET/CT imaging mice were employed assess metabolism. role investigated through various experiments, xenografts, organoids, conditional knockout (cKO) mouse model. underlying mechanisms examined using dot blotting, immunofluorescence staining, co-immunoprecipitation, high-throughput sequencing, among other techniques. Results: Glucose deprivation activates autophagy-lysosome pathway, leading degradation by enhancing its interaction with sequestosome 1 (SQSTM1)/microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 alpha (LC3) complex, ultimately resulting reduction ac4C modification. Furthermore, levels elevated tissues correlate poor prognosis. A strong correlation exists 18F-FDG uptake patients. drives glycolytic metabolism carcinogenesis vitro vivo. Mechanistically, stimulates at intersection coding sequence (CDS) 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) hexokinase 2 (HK2) mRNA, stability activating thereby driving tumorigenesis. Conclusion: Our findings highlight critical crosstalk epitranscriptome carcinogenesis. This finding offers potential strategy targeting NAT10/HK2 axis for treatment patients, especially those highly active

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Natural, modified and conjugated carbohydrates in nucleic acids DOI Creative Commons
Debashis Dhara, Laurence A. Mulard, Marcel Hollenstein

et al.

Chemical Society Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The deep interconnection between nucleic acids and carbohydrates has prompted numerous synthetic campaigns to understand acid etiology, develop orthogonal genetic systems, improve the properties of therapeutic oligonucleotides.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Persistent organic pollutant perfluorooctanoic acid induces alterations in epigenetic modifications of DNA and RNA DOI

Shu-Yi Gu,

Tian Feng,

Fang-Yin Gang

et al.

Chinese Chemical Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 110957 - 110957

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
NAT10 Promotes Gastric Cancer Liver Metastasis by Modulation of M2 Macrophage Polarization and Metastatic Tumor Cell Hepatic Adhesion DOI Creative Commons
Chen Chen, Zhangding Wang, Qingfeng Lin

et al.

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

Abstract The relationship between patterns of RNA modifications and gastric cancer (GC) liver metastasis (GCLM) remains unclear. Here, by single‐cell sequencing, clinical sample analysis, mouse model studies, an abnormal increase in the expression acetyltransferase N‐acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) metastatic GC cells is identified. NAT10‐mediated N4‐acetylcytidine modification CXCL2 KLF5 mRNA increases their stability. Then, secreted found to promote infiltration polarization M2‐like macrophages produce oncostatin M, which transcriptionally activates NAT10 via STAT3 signaling. In addition, organoid models confirm that promotes adhesion hepatocytes. Mechanistically, ITGαV, facilitating cell attachment Intriguingly, high NAT10/KLF5 axis associated with poor prognosis patients targeting this significantly reduces GCLM preclinical murine models. Collectively, these findings suggest significance developing targeted therapies for metastasis.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
m6A RNA methylation: a pivotal regulator of tumor immunity and a promising target for cancer immunotherapy DOI Creative Commons
Xi Chen,

Yixiao Yuan,

Fan Zhou

et al.

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

M6A modification is one of the most common regulatory mechanisms gene expression in eukaryotic cells, influencing processes such as RNA splicing, degradation, stability, and protein translation. Studies have shown that m6A methylation closely associated with tumorigenesis progression, it plays a key role tumor immune responses. participates regulating differentiation maturation well related anti-tumor In microenvironment, can also affect cell recruitment, activation, polarization, thereby promoting or inhibiting proliferation metastasis, reshaping microenvironment. recent years, immunotherapies for tumors, checkpoint inhibitors adoptive immunotherapy, been increasingly applied clinical settings, achieving favorable outcomes. Targeting modifications to modulate system, using small-molecule target dysregulated factors inducing reprogramming, enhance responses strengthen recognition cytotoxicity against cells. represents new direction immunotherapy promising potential. This review discusses on cells explores strategies immunotherapy.

Language: Английский

Citations

1